Gran Sasso Untergrundlabor (Italien)150 km von Rom
Gran Sasso Untergrundlabor (Italien)150 km von Rom
Rom
Autostrada
Teramo
-7171 eGeGa +→+ev Ev > 233 keV
Extraction of 71Ge (as GeCl4) in GALLEX
Conversin to GeH4
e7171 vGaGe +→+−e
T1/2 = 11.4 d
expected without oscillation
Result: 77.5 +/- 8 SNU
SSM prediction: 129 +8/-6 SNU (BP98)
Result: 77.5 +/- 8 SNU
SSM prediction: 129 +8/-6 SNU (BP98)
Gallex / GNO Ergebnisse
Gesamt: 69.3 ± 4.1 ± 3.6 SNU
SSM
Messung
Baksan Valley, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia
SAGE (soviet american gallium experiment)Heute: BNO (Baksan Neutrino Observatory)
Elbrus 5642m
SAGE Ergebnis
Gesamt: 66.9 +5.3-5.0 SNU
Insgesamt: GALLEX/GNO & SAGE: 68.1 ± 3.75 SNU
Abbildung der Sonne im “Neutrinolicht” (Super-Kamiokande)
Detection of solar neutrinos in Super-Kamiokande:Elastic neutrino – electron scattering
νe,μ,τ νe,μ,τ
t
s
ve can interact via CC + NC
vμ and vτ can only interactvia NC!
(Kinematics like Compton effect)
−− +→+ evev xx (dominated by ve)
Superkamiokande:
Solar neutrino
This is a real event (not Monte Carlo), recorded on 1998-03-12 14:08:40.
It is about 12.5 MeVand has an unusually nice, well-defined ring.
The color scale is time.
First generation of experiments First generation of experiments SAGE71Ga
Gallex71Ga
Raymond Davis Jr.
Homestake37Cl
Masatoshi KoshibaMasatoshi Koshiba
Kamiokande+ SuperK
H2O Cerenkov
dissapearance of ve!solar neutrino puzzle
The Solar Neutrino Puzzle
Energy Threshold (MeV)
Dat
a/SS
M(B
P98)
Gallex Sage
HomestakeSK
Kamiokande
233 keV 814 keV 6.5 MeV
Energy dependent deficit
Creighton Mine (Nickel)Sudbury, CanadaCreighton Mine (Nickel)Sudbury, Canada
Depth 2070m
1000t D2O1000t D2O
9500 PMTs9500 PMTs
INCO mining co.
Viele interessante Erze wg. Meteoriteneinschlag!
SNO – Creighton Mine
Neutrino detection in SNO
xx vnpdv ++→+
−++→+ eppdv e
−− +→+ evev ee
NC
CC
ES
γ
Neutrino - Electron Scattering Event
Neutron detction in SNO
SNO Result (salt-phase)(PRL 92, 181301, 2004)
SNO Result (salt-phase)(PRL 92, 181301, 2004)
• 1/3 der ve kommen auf der Erde an.• 2/3 der ve kommen als vμ oder vτ an.• Gemessener Gesamtneutrinofluss = SSM
Ergebnis der ersten Phase (one Salz):"Direct Evidence for Neutrino Flavor Tranformation from Neutral-Current Interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory“,
The SNO Collaboration Phys. Rev. Lett. volume 89, No. 1, 011301 (2002).
Ergebnis der ersten Phase (one Salz):"Direct Evidence for Neutrino Flavor Tranformation from Neutral-Current Interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory“,
The SNO Collaboration Phys. Rev. Lett. volume 89, No. 1, 011301 (2002).
Lösung des solaren Neutrinorätsels: Es liegt an den Neutrinos
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