Global Tourism
Trends
AMFORHT/AHQ
Montreal, Canada 28 November 2017
Eunji Tae Coordinator – Knowledge Network
Affiliate Members Programme
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
1. UNWTO & Global Tourism
3. Tourism Employment
2. Factors for Future
Tourism
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
UN specialized agency responsible for the promotion of
tourism as a tool for economic growth, inclusive development
and environmental sustainability
5
6
culture environment
labor
aviation trade
health
safety & security
About UNWTO
158 Full Members (Governments)
6 Associate Members (non sovereign territories)
528 Affiliate Members (non – central government)
2 Observes (Holy See and Palestine)
528 Affiliate Members (09.2017)
• University and Research Programs: 135
• Professional Associations: 57
• National, Regional, Local, City Promotion Boards: 63
• Tourism Business Management & Consultancy: 56
• Destination Management Organizations 24
• Hotels / Accommodation: 22
• Trade Fairs & Exhibition Management: 24
• Travel Agencies & Tour Operators: 51
• Air, Rail & Road Transport: 13
• Research Social, Economic and Cultural Impacts of Tourism: 19
• Mass Media: 9
• Other activities: 60
The Affiliate Members Distribution
UNWTO Affiliate Members Programme 2018 Action Plan
Bringing together over 500 companies,
educational & research institutions, destinations
and NGOs, the Affiliate Members Programme
provides a space for members to engage in
dialogues, share information and take further
action.
Its principal mission is to foster synergies
among Affiliate Members and Member States
and promote the exchange of knowledge
among key stakeholders with the objective of
fulfilling its general mandate of promoting
sustainable development in tourism.
The promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism.
“The fundamental aim of the Organization shall be the promotion and development of tourism with a view to contributing to economic development, international understanding, peace and prosperity”
UNWTO Statutes
Our Mandate
Why Tourism?
16
# 3 – EXPORT EARNINGS
International Tourist Arrivals 2016:
1,235 million
International Tourism Receipts 2016:
US$ 1,220 billion
World Tourism Distribution in 2016 (Market share per region)
Europe
Arr.: 616 million (50%)
Rec.: US$ 447 billion (37%)
Middle East
Arr.: 54 million (4%)
Rec.: US$ 58 billion (5%) Asia and the Pacific
Arr.: 308 million (25%)
Rec.: US$ 367 billion (30%)
Americas
Arr.: 200 million (16%)
Rec.:US$ 313 billion (26%)
Africa
Arr.: 58 million (5%)
Rec.: US$ 35 billion (3%)
Source: World Tourism Organization
International Tourism Arrivals and Receipts, World
Growth in receipts follows growth in arrivals closely
Asian financial
and economic
crisis: receipts
grew slower
11S, SARS,
economic
downturn:
receipts more
affected
‘Great
recession’:
receipts
more
affected
and slower
to recover
Source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
International tourism
receipts 2015:
US$ 1,260 billion
euro 1,136 billion
2016 to be reported in
May
?
Seven years of sustained growth
International Tourist Arrivals, monthly evolution
World (% change)
Source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) ©
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016*
7th consecutive year of sustained growth
-3.9% +6.5% +4.6% +4.4% +4.7% +4.6% +4.6% +3.9%
UNWTO World Tourism Barometer
Objective: to monitor short-term evolution of worldwide tourism
Frequency: 6 times a year
Contents:
• Short term tourism data
– Key indicators of international tourism
– Third party industry data
• UNWTO Panel of Tourism Experts (Confidence Index)
• Short-term forecast
• Economic data relevant for tourism
http://mkt.unwto.org/barometer
Reports / Regular
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Inte
rnat
iona
l Tou
rist A
rriv
als
(mill
ion)
Trend 1995-2010
Tourism Towards 2030 projection
Actual 1995-2016*
1235 mn
525 mn
Source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
1.4 bn
1.8 bn
Actual Trend vs. Tourism Towards 2030 projection
World
Asia and the Pacific, the Middle East
and Africa to increase their shares
Africa
3%
Americas
23%
Asia and the Pacific
8%
Europe
63%
Middle East
3%
Middle East
6%
Europe
51%
Asia and the Pacific
22%
Americas
16%
Africa
5%
Africa
7%
Americas
14%
Asia and the Pacific
30%
Europe
41%
Middle East
8%
1980 (277 mn)
2010 (940 mn)
2030 (1.8 bn)
Asia and the Pacific will gain most
of the new arrivals
Inbound tourism by region of destination International Tourist Arrivals, million
Europe
Asia and the Pacific
Americas
Middle East
Africa
source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) ©
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Top World Destinations (2016)
Int. Tourism Receipts (US$ billion)
1. US 205.9
2. Spain 60.3
3. Thailand 49.9
4. China 44.4
5. France 42.5
6. Italy 40.2
7. UK 39.6
8. Germany 37.4
9. HK (China) 32.9
10. Australia 32.4
Int. Tourist Arrivals (million)
1. France 82.6
2. US 75.6
3. Spain 76.6
4. China 59.3
5. Italy 52.4
6. UK 35.8
7. Germany 5.6
8. Mexico 35
9. Thailand 32.6
10. Turkey 31.3
Top tourism spenders (world)
China
United States
Germany
United Kingdom
France
Russian Federation
Canada
Korea (ROK)
Italy
Australia
Source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) ©
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
'95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15
Top tourism spenders in 2015 (US$ billion)
1. China 261.1
2. US 123.6
3. Germany 79.8
4. UK 63.6
5. France 40.5
6. Canada 29.1
7. S. Korea 26.6
8. Italy 25
9. Australia 24.9
10. Hong Kong 24.2
0
200
400
600
800
1.000
1.200
1.400
1.600
1.800
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Inte
rnat
iona
l Tou
rist A
rriv
als
(mill
ion)
Trend 1995-2010
Tourism Towards 2030 projection
Actual 1995-2016*
1,235 mn
527 mn
1.4 bn
1.8 bn
International tourist arrivals to reach 1.8 billion by 2030
How are we going to get there?
Fuente: Organización Mundial del Turismo
2. Factors for Future Tourism
1. UNWTO &
Global Tourism
3. Tourism Employment
2. Sustainability
and ethics
1. Competitiveness
and quality
Priorities
• Growth (poverty alleviation) and sustainability (resources
protection)
• Technology and innovation
• Safe and seamless travel (visa facilitation, connectivity and
security)
• Promote tourism as a tool for development
The two main pillars of UNWTO program of work
World Tourism Day 2015
Safe, Secure and Seamless Travel
Innovation & Technology
Sustainable tourism development
New platform tourism services - stakeholders
Traditional tourism businesses
Destinations NTA / NTO / DMO
Local communities
Private tourism services
Supply
Digital platforms
Intermediaries
Visitors
Demand
UNWTO survey
• destinations, national and local;
private sector, associations and
academia
• all UNWTO regions
• questionnaire with both
quantitative and qualitative
questions
• 114 responses
Covering:
• current and future effects
• opportunities and challenges
• governance issues
Available in UNWTO elibrary at;
www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284419081
UNDERSTAND & MONITOR
REVIEW,
RETHINK &
REVISE
ADOPT:
4C approach
The way forward
Communication,
Collaboration,
Cooperation &
Coordination
The way forward – no ‘one size fits all’
Understand & monitor • Assess development of services through measurement and research to take informed and
evidence based decisions
• Learn from other destinations and their experiences
Adapting • Dialog with all stakeholders (vitamin 4C: Communication, Collaboration, Cooperation and
Coordination)
• Raise awareness of rules
• Engage with platforms and encourage the sharing of information
• Adjustment to the new situation: foster and allow innovation (some destinations/companies already embraced elements of the new offer)
Review, rethink and revise • Recognise that traditions, policies and regulations differ widely by destination
• Address the interests of all stakeholders involved and affected
• Review and rethink current situation, policies and regulation
• adjust and revise smartly if needed and possible. i.e. tailored to the new situation and proportionate to the scale of operation
• Guarantee enforcement
3. Tourism Employment
1. UNWTO & Global Tourism
2. Factors for Future Tourism
Tourism Employment
59
• Largely labour intensive industries
• 1 in 10 Jobs Worldwide
• Employs youth, women and minority
• Bringing opportunities for local communities in urban and rural areas
Tourism Growth & Employment
*Resultados preliminares Fuente: Organización Mundial de Turismo 60
Challenge of the Tourism Labour Market
61 * UNWTO Tourism Highlights, 2015 Edition http://www.e-
unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284416899
Labour Shortage
• Australia – 56,000 tourism vacancies in 2015
• Thailand – Shortage of skilled labour
• Canada – A quarter of a million jobs to be filled by 2030
Challenges of the Tourism Labour Market
62 * UNWTO Tourism Highlights, 2015 Edition http://www.e-
unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284416899
Retention & promotion of
a talented workforce • Netherlands – 70% hotel school graduate
leaving the industries after 6 years
• Hong Kong & Australia – only 50% hospitality graduates develop their career within the sector
Challenges of the Tourism Labour Market
63 * UNWTO Tourism Highlights, 2015 Edition http://www.e-
unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284416899
• Low level of wages
• Difficult working conditions
• Skill gap in tourism youth talent
• High levels of inconsistent part-time and casual work which leads to lack of career opportunities
• Population migration
• Misconceived perceptions of the tourism and hospitality industries
• Gender Inequality
Talent Development and
Human Resource Management for tourism
as a means to achieve
increased customer satisfaction,
enhanced competitiveness
and profitability.
64
UNWTO-ILO, 2009*
65
Ensuring not only job creation by also decent
work in sustainable environment
Measuring Tourism Employment
66
improvement of national methods of data
collection of employment in the tourism
industries
68
Tourism, SMEs and Employment:
Policies to Stimulate
Job Creation and Inclusiveness
T 20 – Policy Note
Education and Training in Tourism
70
• Achieving environmental and ethical awareness , values and attitudes , skills and behavior, consistent with sustainable development and effective public participation in decision making.
• Attracting and retaining talent throughout the career lifecycle.
• Appealing and empowering approach to help change people's attitudes towards the tourism sector.
ARTICLE 9- Rights of the workers and entrepreneurs in the tourism industry
– The fundamental rights of salaried and self-employed workers in the tourism industry and related activities, should be guaranteed under the supervision of the national and local administrations, both of their States of origin and of the host countries with particular care, given the specific constraints linked in particular to the seasonality of their activity, the global dimension of their industry and the flexibility often required of them by the nature of their work;
– Salaried and self-employed workers in the tourism industry and related activities have the right and the duty to acquire appropriate initial and continuous training; they should be given adequate social protection; job insecurity should be limited so far as possible; and a specific status, with particular regard to their social welfare, should be offered to seasonal workers in the sector;
UNWTO Global Code of Ethics for Tourism*
71
Public Private Academic Partnership
KNOWLEDGENETWORK
Attract /Retain / Train / Collaborate / Interact /
Advise / Learning / Promoting / Support / Monitor/
Develop / Empower / Sustain /
Public Private Academic
72
UNWTO Knowledge Network
UNWTO Conference on
Talent Develoment in Tourism
UNWTO Conference on
Talent Develoment in Tourism
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
Thank you!
Eunji Tae Coordinator – Knowledge Network
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
www.unwto.org
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