Global Fight to Eradicate PolioViews from the groundINSEAD Alumni lunchOctober 2012

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Dr Albert Sabin

Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV)Developed 1961-1962

Polio cases, U.S.A., 1950-2010

25 years after polio vaccine invented

>350,000 children still paralyzed by polio every year.

PolioPlus is born!Philadelphia, 1988

200 countries & areas

1.3 million volunteers

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Unlike malaria, HIV/AIDs, tuberculousis & most other diseases, it is biologically

possible to eradicate polio.

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Smallpox (variola major):Global certification of eradication, 1980

20% - 40% case fatality

100% permanent

facial scarring

2.7 million deaths, 1967

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Initiative Years Feasibility Principal Technical/ Operational Issue

Yellow Fever

1915-77 No Non-human reservoir

Yaws

1954-67 No Chronic infection/resistence

Malaria

1955-69 No Mosquito resistent to DDT

Smallpox 1958-80 Yes ERADICATED

Guinea Worm

1986 - Yes

Civil unrest, funding.

Polio 1988 - Yes Political & societal will.

A Brief History of Eradication

Polio Eradication

Eradication is a high-risk venture

World Health Assembly

Polio Resolution: 1988Humanitarian benefits.

US$1.5 billion annual savings.

Strengthen health systems.

Access all children & build peace.

Kosi River Sub Region, Bihar

What happens during a mass vaccination

campaign? Example India…

• In 6 days:– 640,000 vaccination posts

– 2.3 million volunteers

– 200 million doses of OPV

– 6.3 million icepacks in 2 million vaccine carrier bags

– 191 million homes visited

– 172 million children vaccinated

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India >21 months without a case of polio! Rukhsar

Khatoon

The last case of polio in India

Jan 2011

Pakistan &Afghanistan

Nigeria

Global polio cases October 2011

Recent Polio OutbreaksLethal adult polio outbreaks 2010-11

Emergency Plans

• surge of >6500 technical / social mobilization staff to district levels

• multiple strategies to reach missed children

• real-time oversight of OPV campaign preps/performance

• new national/local accountability structures

Nigeria Pakistan Afghanistan

Polio cases Pakistan last 6 months

Financial Requirements, Contributions & Gap

Global polio cases October 2011

154 cases4 countries

Global polio cases October 2012

THANK YOU

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