GEOCOMPUTATION FOR WIDENING PARTICIPATION IN
HIGHER EDUCATION
Alex SingletonPaul Longley
Oliver O'BrienDepartment of Geography and Centre for Advance Spatial Analysis ,
University College London
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
1962
19
63
1964
19
65
1966
19
67
1968
19
69
1970
19
71
1972
19
73
1974
19
75
1976
19
77
1978
19
79
1980
19
81
1982
19
83
1984
19
85
1986
19
87
1988
19
89
1990
19
91
1992
19
93
1994
19
95
1996
19
97
1998
19
99
2000
20
01
2002
20
03
THE HE PROBLEM: ACCEPTANCES 1962 - 2003
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978
Professional & Technical Administrators & Managers Clerical & Armed Forces Manual
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP: 1968-1978
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
V Unskilled
IV Partly Skilled
IIIN Skilled non-Manual
IIIM Skilled Manual
II Intermediate
I Professional
SOCIAL CLASS: 1980 - 2001
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Higher managerial and professional occupations
Lower managerial and professional occupations
Intermediate occupations
Small employers and own account workers
Lower supervisory and technical occupations
Semi-routine occupations
Routine occupations
SOCIO-ECONOMIC GROUP: 2002 - 2007
WIDENING PARTICIPATION
• Government have set 50% participation target
• Standard fees - ~£1500
• Topup fees - Up to a cap of ~£3000
• Can only be charged if university signs “access agreement” - States how the money will be used to “widen participation”
• University performance indicators (State School Students, NS-SEC, Neighbourhood)
• WP Funding - POLAR
PROBLEM
• How to reach those students who are unlikely to attend HE?
• University recruitment often un-systematic
• lack spatial decision support tools
• What data are available?
• LOTS!
SOLUTION
• Give stakeholders of HE better access to data!
• Simple to use
• Simple to use
• Simple to use
• Simple to use
• Simple to use!
• Data
• Record for every state school pupils in England
• Spatial reference
• Attainment / demographic attributes
STARTING POINT
Very busy cartography
Google API
REVISED CARTOGRAPHY / DISPLAYG
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CONTEXTUAL DATA
• Spatial Location - profile of schools
• Geodemographics
• Deprivation classification
• POLAR
• Model school catchments
Physical Geography
Music
OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade) great_britain.osm (.xml)
PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS
osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs
GDAL ToolsUKBorders English
MSOAs and Postcodes
DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil
Database
mySQL DB
PublicProfilerSchools Atlas
DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and
IDACI
OpenLayers (.js)
HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR
OAC
Mapnik
Shapefiles
OSM Tiling Script (.py)
Stylesheets(.xml)
ArcGIS
ColorBrewer
PerryGeo Hillshading
AJAX Requests
OSM Tiles
PVCs (.kml)
OAC
R
ArcGIS
Google Chart API
Tiles
Chart Cache
Architecture Diagram
great_britain.osm (.xml)
PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS
osm2pgsql
Mapnik
OSM Tiling Script (.py)
Stylesheets(.xml)
OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)
Shapefiles
Tiles
PublicProfilerSchools Atlas
NetworkLayer
great_britain.osm (.xml)
PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS
osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs
GDAL Tools
Mapnik
OSM Tiling Script (.py)
Stylesheets(.xml)
PerryGeo Hillshading
Shapefiles
HillshadingLayer
PublicProfilerSchools Atlas
Tiles
OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)
great_britain.osm (.xml)
PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS
osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs
GDAL ToolsUKBorders English
MSOAs and Postcodes
DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil
Database
OAC
Mapnik
Shapefiles
OSM Tiling Script (.py)
Stylesheets(.xml)
ArcGIS
ColorBrewer
PerryGeo Hillshading
PublicProfilerSchools Atlas
ChoroplethLayers
Tiles
OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)
great_britain.osm (.xml)
PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS
osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs
GDAL ToolsUKBorders English
MSOAs and Postcodes
DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil
Database
mySQL DB
DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and
IDACI
HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR
OAC
Mapnik
Shapefiles
OSM Tiling Script (.py)
Stylesheets(.xml)
ArcGIS
ColorBrewer
PerryGeo Hillshading
OAC
SchoolStatistics
PublicProfilerSchools Atlas
Tiles
OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)
great_britain.osm (.xml)
PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS
osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs
GDAL ToolsUKBorders English
MSOAs and Postcodes
DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil
Database
mySQL DB
DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and
IDACI
HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR
OAC
Mapnik
Shapefiles
OSM Tiling Script (.py)
Stylesheets(.xml)
ArcGIS
ColorBrewer
PerryGeo Hillshading
PVCs (.kml)
OAC
R
ArcGIS
School CatchmentAreas
PublicProfilerSchools Atlas
Tiles
OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)
KDE / PVC
Run: bandwidth 200 - 2000m
Until: Single polygon
Else: Reduce confidence 10%
Run: bandwidth 200 - 2000m
Until: Single polygon
great_britain.osm (.xml)
PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS
osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs
GDAL ToolsUKBorders English
MSOAs and Postcodes
DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil
Database
mySQL DB
DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and
IDACI
HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR
OAC
Mapnik
Shapefiles
OSM Tiling Script (.py)
Stylesheets(.xml)
ArcGIS
ColorBrewer
PerryGeo Hillshading
PVCs (.kml)
OAC
R
ArcGIS
ServingTiles
PublicProfilerSchools Atlas
Tiles
OpenLayers (.js)
OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)
great_britain.osm (.xml)
PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS
osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs
GDAL ToolsUKBorders English
MSOAs and Postcodes
DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil
Database
mySQL DB
DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and
IDACI
HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR
OAC
Mapnik
Shapefiles
OSM Tiling Script (.py)
Stylesheets(.xml)
ArcGIS
ColorBrewer
PerryGeo Hillshading
PVCs (.kml)
OAC
R
ArcGIS
Other TileSources
PublicProfilerSchools Atlas
Tiles
OSM Tiles
OpenLayers (.js)
OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)
great_britain.osm (.xml)
PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS
osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs
GDAL ToolsUKBorders English
MSOAs and Postcodes
DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil
Database
mySQL DB
DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and
IDACI
HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR
OAC
Mapnik
Shapefiles
OSM Tiling Script (.py)
Stylesheets(.xml)
ArcGIS
ColorBrewer
PerryGeo Hillshading
AJAX Requests
PVCs (.kml)
OAC
R
ArcGIS
Google Chart API
Chart Cache
PublicProfilerSchools Atlas
Tiles
OSM Tiles
OpenLayers (.js)
Showing the Statistics
OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)
great_britain.osm (.xml)
PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS
osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs
GDAL ToolsUKBorders English
MSOAs and Postcodes
DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil
Database
mySQL DB
DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and
IDACI
HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR
OAC
Mapnik
Shapefiles
OSM Tiling Script (.py)
Stylesheets(.xml)
ArcGIS
ColorBrewer
PerryGeo Hillshading
AJAX Requests
PVCs (.kml)
OAC
R
ArcGIS
Google Chart API
Chart Cache
OSM Tiles
Tiles
OpenLayers (.js)
PublicProfilerSchools Atlas
Showing Catchments
OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)
Version One
SCHOOL SELECTION
SCHOOL PROFILES
AREA PROFILES
Version Two
3 WEBSITES
• HE / Widening Participation
• Choosing a school
• Atlas website
IndividualsIndividual level schools data
Output Areas
Output Area Classification
CAS WardsPOLAR HE
Participation rates
SurfaceShuttle Radar
Topography Mission
Network Street network data
LSOAIndex multiple
deprivation
Map display and controls
Tile processing areal and network data
KDE / PVA automation for school catchment areas
Processing SRTM data in terrain relief
Charts API
Thanks!
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