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Primary
ClassroomManagement
Presenter:
- Muhammad Naqiyyuddin
- Izzat Syafiq
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Primary
ClassroomManagement
Introduction
The Concept ofClassroom
Management
Characteristics of anEffective Teacher in
Managing a Classroom
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Introduction The government primary schools in
Malaysia is specifically for childrenbetween the ages of seven to twelveyears old.
The period for primary school is about sixyears, starting from Year One to Year Six.
At each stage or year, pupils are beingrouted to their respective classes
according to achievement testadministered by the school.
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A teacher is responsible for educating children of
all races. Teachers also have to face the students with the
achievement of socio-economic background andlanguages that are different.
Infrastructure and the school's position as rural andurban areas adds to the challenge of a teacher.
in addition, teachers also need to understand thatthe tasks and challenges in every school and
every classroom is different.
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Doyle (1986) has identified several features that
make the classroom a place of unique andchallenging of which are:
Multidimensionality
- A classroom is many things : a learning laboratory, a
social center, a peer group, a collection of individuals
who go to lunch together, and more. Classrooms arealso crowded and busy places. Many people must
use limited resources to achieve a wide range of
objectives. Events must be organized and scheduled;
records must be kept. And work must be planned for
students who vary widely in abilities and interests.
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Simultaneity
- Many things happen at the same time in classrooms.A reading group operates while the rest of the class
does seatwork. Some students finish a test in five
minutes while others take ten minutes.
Immediacy- Events happen fast in classrooms. There is little time
to think before acting. The sheer number of
interchanges a teacher has with students is
extraordinarily largeoften over 1, 000 per day. And
a teacher must act immediately.
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Unpredictability
- Events in classrooms are not easy to predict.Interruptions are frequent. Immediate circumstances
influence the way events unfold during a particular
day or class period.
Publicness
- Classrooms are public places and the teacher isalways on stage. Incidents involving the teacher and
one or more students are usually seen by the entire
class. Sometimes witnesses encourage disruptive
students. At the very least, witnesses learn something
about the teachers ability to manage the classroom
and enforce the rules.
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The Concept of Classroom
ManagementMany educators relate the classroom
management methods to deal withdiscipline problems in the classroom.
It is also often seen as something thatteachers need to do before the actuallesson begins.
Studies have also shown that effective
classroom management contributes tohigher academic achievement.
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Richards (1990) interpret classroom managementas an organization and teachers control onbehavior, movement and interaction during thelearning progress of students so that teachingcan be implemented effectively.
According to Alberto & Troutman (1986),
classroom management can be defined asteachers' skills to manage time, space,educational resources, the role and behavior ofstudents in providing an appropriate climate for
learning.
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Effective classroom management will helpachieve the following goals:
encourage appropriate student behavior
develop a positive learning environment
interpersonal relationships between teachers and
pupils and pupils
using the time slot for an optimal learning
increase student involvement in the activities of
teaching and learning (p&p)
reduce discipline problems
effective routine management
students learn to control and manage themselves
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Knowledge of the needs of
students By Abram Maslow, human needs are
hierarchical and can be divided into two,
namely physiological needs and
psychological needs.
According to Maslow, people will always
strive to meet the primary needs, namely
physiological needs, safety, love and self-
esteem.
Once the primary needs are filled, then theindividual will to try to meet the needs of self-
perfection, knowledge and aesthetic.
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Secondary
Primary
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In addition to the physiological and psychologicalrequirements, students must also have academic
requirements.
They include the need to:
understand the objectives of teaching
participate actively in the learning process
interact positively with peers
learning related to daily life and interests of students
time to complete the task or interact
experience of success
accurate and realistic feedback
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Classroom Management
Plan
Manage
Control
To reflect
Teacher-studentrelationship
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Plan
When planning, teachers will refer to the syllabus todetermine the objectives and learning outcomes.
Teachers will select the topic, determining the most
appropriate approach, choosing strategies and
teaching methods, taking into account different
learning styles. Then teachers need to developactivities or tasks that correspond to the level of
student achievement. At this time, teachers will
take into account the place of learning, whether in
classrooms, laboratories, library, etc..
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Manage
Teachers should give clear instructions, inform therules and procedures, coordinate and organize
activities and learning materials, distributes
assignments, dividing students into groups,
determining the position and arrangement of the
pupils or groups. This is done so that studentsunderstand the future direction of education and
their role in the classroom.
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Control
Teachers need to monitor, ensure that the studentscomfortable enough learning materials and is
involved in learning. If there are students who do not
pay attention or cause problems, teachers can call
and provide disciplinary action if necessary.
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To reflect
Teachers analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of
his practice, approaches, strategies and methods
used, the activities or tasks, teaching aids and forms
of assessment used during instruction. Teachers must
take responsibility and be open to accept the
possibility of errors and make changes, willing to tryother alternatives, to hear and consider information
from other sources.
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Teacher-student relationship
Teachers must demonstrate an appropriate level ofdominance, such as setting clear what is expected
of the student, the rules and procedures and the
consequences of undesirable behavior. At the same
time, teachers also need to show cooperation,
which is to encourage students to function as ateam.
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Characteristics of an effective
teacher in managing aclassroom1. Personal Qualities
2. Teaching & Learning Competencies3. Disposition & Moral Practice
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1. Personal Qualities
Commitment, responsibility & integrity arethe personal qualities an effective
teacher need to have in managing aclassroom.
Responsible means living up to obligation& ensure those are fulfilled.
Integrity means ethical behavior or codeof moral values such as honest and fair.
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2. Teaching & LearningCompetencies
Effective use of teaching style, personalityand instructional strategies to maximize
the students ability to formulate newknowledge. Effective teacher arefacilitator & designer of students ability.
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3. Disposition & Moral Practice
Means the natural or acquired habit orcharacteristic tendency in a person or thing.
The disposition occur towards: Children and youthbe sensitive on how to
express care, friendliness to students.
Knowledge & thought processself upgradeguided by enquiry. The areas to upgrade arethe content & curriculum, pedagogicalcontent, methodology, behavior & disciplinemanagement, instructional technology,learning process.
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cont
Colleagues & other adults this involve
social interaction, dialogue & scaffolding
this can construct new ideas, enhanceintellectual development.
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