FORENSIC FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGYPSYCHOLOGY
Making A CaseMaking A Case
PROFILING – THE BOTTOM-UP PROFILING – THE BOTTOM-UP APPROACHAPPROACH
Purpose of Profiling Purpose of Profiling
IdentificationsIdentifications SuggestionsSuggestions PredictionsPredictions RehabilitationsRehabilitations Fictional killer
Hannibal Lecter despised profiling
The CIA keeps updating its profile on Osama Bin Ladin
Theories of Profiling 1Theories of Profiling 1 BEHAVIOURISBEHAVIOURIS
MM LearningLearning EnvironmentEnvironment ConsistencyConsistency Real life e.g.sReal life e.g.s
Ivan Pavlov – classical
conditioning
BF Skinner – operant
conditioning
Creating A ProfileCreating A Profile The offenceThe offence The siteThe site VictimologyVictimology Interaction Interaction
stylestyleTed Bundy preyed on girls who reminded him of his
college sweetheart
Bottom-Up profilingBottom-Up profiling
Like Tarot cardsLike Tarot cards Or form tutor Or form tutor
I.L.P.sI.L.P.s
UK profiling 1UK profiling 1
Follows BEHAVIOURIST Follows BEHAVIOURIST approachapproach
Doesn’t categorise Doesn’t categorise offendersoffenders
Looks for consistency in Looks for consistency in behaviourbehaviour
Criminal Consistency Criminal Consistency HypothesisHypothesis
David CanterDavid Canter (1994) (1994)
UK profiling 2UK profiling 2
““Railway Rapist”, 1985Railway Rapist”, 1985 John DuffyJohn Duffy Criminals act in a consistent wayCriminals act in a consistent way clues about non-criminal lifestyleclues about non-criminal lifestyle speech patternsspeech patterns InterestsInterests ObsessionsObsessions ways of behavingways of behaving
Canter & Heritage (1990)Canter & Heritage (1990)
CONTENT ANALYSISCONTENT ANALYSIS 6666 2727 SMALLEST-SPACE SMALLEST-SPACE
ANALYSISANALYSIS
vaginal intercoursevaginal intercourse no reaction to the no reaction to the
victimvictim impersonal languageimpersonal language surprise attacksurprise attack victim's clothing victim's clothing
disturbeddisturbed 5-FACTOR THEORY5-FACTOR THEORY
EvaluationEvaluation ScientificScientific StatisticsStatistics Not trying to “think like Not trying to “think like
a criminal”a criminal” Deduce facts about the Deduce facts about the
offenderoffender BUT… time consumingBUT… time consuming Pressure on policePressure on police DNA evidenceDNA evidence
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