Final Review Part 3
Eisenhower-Clinton
2
This law authorized giving hundreds of millions in federal
money to schools for science and foreign language education
National Defense and Education Act
Eisenhower
3
The 1957 policy which provided for U. S.
troops to be sent to a Middle Eastern
country at the request of that country's
governmentEisenhower Doctrine
Eisenhower
4
A military alliance between the Soviet Union and its Eastern European
Communist satellites.
Warsaw Pact
Eisenhower
5
This policy, encouraged by John Foster Dulles, stated
that if the Soviets took hostile action, the U. S.
would demolish them with nuclear bombs. It was
dropped in 1949 when the Soviet Union developed
nuclear capabilities• massive retaliation
Eisenhower
6
A small artificial Soviet satellite launched into
space in 1957. This spread fear in the hearts of
Americans who felt that the U. S. was lagging
behind the USSR in science and technology• Sputnik
Eisenhower
7
The downing of a U. S. spy plane by the
Soviet Union in 1960
U 2 Incident
Eisenhower
8
John Foster Dulles' belief that the U. S. had to
show the Communists it was willing to use force
and go to the edge of war in order to keep the
peace in a nuclear agebrinksmanship
Eisenhower
9
The first African American Supreme Court Justice, he
successfully argued for Brown in the famous 1954
case against the Topeka, KS Board of Education
Thurgood Marshall
10
In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that
statements of policy were protected under the First
Amendment and that only statements leading
to dangerous actions could be prohibited
Yale v U.S.
Society in the 1950s
11
This Arkansas Governor called out
the National Guard in 1957 to prevent black
children from attending Little Rock's
Central High School• Orville Faubus
Society in the 1950s
12
The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, he was appointed by President Eisenhower and wrote
the landmark decision in Brown V. Board of
Education, Topeka, KSEarl Warren
Society in the 1950s
13
He founded the "Beats", a literary
group that rejected the materialism of the
1950s• Jack Kerouac
Society in the 1950s
14
He built thousands of reasonably priced homes on small plots of land in Long Island, NY, which
served as a model for the post-World War II
suburbsWilliam J. Levitt
Society in the 1950s
15
This African American challenged a city
ordinance in 1955 by refusing to give up a bus
seat to a white person
• Rosa Parks
Society in the 1950s
16
This Supreme Court decision declared
Plessy v. Ferguson unconstitutional
Brown v Topeka
Society in the 1950s
17
This U. S.-Soviet agreement called for
the end of atmospheric testing of
nuclear devices
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
Kennedy’s New Frontier
18
The U. S. government agency which sought to assist developing countries by sending American volunteers
to teach and to provide technical
assistancePeace Corps
Kennedy’s New Frontier
19
Kennedy's Attorney General and his most controversial cabinet
appointee
Robert Kennedy
Kennedy’s New Frontier
20
The policy that JFK used when dealing with the
Communist Bloc. It called for the preparation of more conventional weapons to be
used against Soviet aggression, since nuclear weapons were to be used
only as a last resortFlexible Response
21
This African American Air Force veteran of the Korean
War attempted to enroll in the all-white University of
Mississippi, but was denied admission because he was
black. Five thousand federal troops had to be sent so that
he could registerJames Meredith
Kennedy’s New Frontier
22
Cuban exiles, secretly trained by the C. I. A. and
supplied by the U. S. government, attempted to invade the island and
overthrow Castro's Communist government
thereBay of Pigs
Kennedy’s New Frontier
23
The program of economic aid to Latin American countries initiated by President Kennedy to build on the good will established by FDR's Good Neighbor Policy
Alliance for Progress
Kennedy’s New Frontier
24
President Kennedy's Secretary of State who said during the Cuban Missile Crisis: We're
eyeball to eyeball, and I think the other fellow
just blinked
• Dean Rusk
Kennedy’s New Frontier
25
Erected by the East German government to prevent an
embarrassing "Brain Drain" to the West, it was here that JFK assured
the West Germans and peoples fighting Communism throughout
the world that the U. S. would continue to protect them from
Soviet aggression
• Berlin Wall
Kennedy’s New Frontier
26
This 1962 U. S.-Soviet confrontation was the closest the world ever
came to global thermal nuclear war
• Cuban Missile Crisis
Kennedy’s New Frontier
27
The young American lieutenant who was
brought to trial for the My Lai massacre of
Vietnamese civilians
William Calley
Johnson’s Great Society
28
After much investigation, it came to the conclusion that
Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone assassin of President Kennedy
Warren Commission
Johnson’s Great Society
29
This federal law declared
discrimination on the basis of race and sex
to be illegal
• Civil Rights Act of 1964
Johnson’s Great Society
30
The belief in the 1950s and 1960s that the fall
of one nation to Communism would lead to the fall of
neighboring countriesDomino Theory
Johnson’s Great Society
31
The widespread public suspicion that
President Johnson's statements about the Vietnam War were not
trustworthyCredibility Gap
Johnson’s Great Society
32
A provision of federal law that prohibited
discrimination on the basis of sex in many
educational programs receiving federal funds
Title IX
Johnson’s Great Society
33
The belief in the 1950s and 1960s that the fall
of one nation to Communism would lead to the fall of
neighboring countriesDomino Theory
Johnson’s Great Society
34
President Johnson's domestic programs for social renovation that
included VISTA, Job Corps and Head Start.
War on Poverty
Johnson’s Great Society
35
This federal law defended the right of African Americans in the South to register
to vote
Voting Rights Act
Johnson’s Great Society
36
A government insurance program under the
Social Security System that pays for the
medical care of elderly citizens
• Medicare
Johnson’s Great Society
37
In this legislation, Congress gave President Johnson full authority to
employ U. S. armed forces in Vietnam
• Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
38
This conservative Republican Senator from
Arizona, who ran unsuccessfully against Johnson in 1964, said that Extremism in the
defense of liberty is no vice
Barry Goldwater
39
A federally funded program for
disadvantaged pre-school children
Head Start
Johnson’s Great Society
40
The full-scale attack by Communist forces in 1968 against major South Vietnam cities
Tet Offensive
Johnson’s Great Society
41
This U. S. Supreme Court case (1966) ruled that
police officers must inform an arrested person of his or her constitutional rights
before they could question that suspect
Miranda v Arizona
Turbulent 1960s
42
A major women's organization whose purpose is to end
discrimination of all kinds on the basis of gender
N.O.W.
Turbulent 1960s
43
A revolutionary group of African Americans who
believed in violent methods for
remedying racial injusticesBlack Panthers
Turbulent 1960s
44
In this 1963 case, the Supreme Court declared
that states must provide an attorney to a defendant in a criminal case if they are too
poor to pay for one
• Gideon v WainwrightTurbulent 1960s
45
He said: That's one small step for man; one giant leap for
mankind in the summer of 1969.
Neil Armstrong
Turbulent 1960s
46
This seventy-day stand in South Dakota by Native
American rights activists attempted to dramatize
Indian suffering and call for preferential hiring and
government reimbursement for lands taken from them
in the pastWounded Knee
Turbulent 1960s
47
He worked to win rights for migrant
farmers. He is most famous for a strike he
organized with the help of grape pickers in California in 1965
Cesar Chavez
Turbulent 1960s
48
Founded by Elijah Muhammed, they rejected anything related to white
culture and championed the
creation of a separate black nationBlack Muslims
Turbulent 1960s
49
These urban riots in Los Angeles in 1965 were
fueled by frustration and despair among African
Americans who felt that the civil rights techniques of the early 1960s were not
generating enough changes for most blacks in AmericaWatts Riots
Turbulent 1960s
50
Social reformer and author of The Feminine Mystique, a book that
had a great influence on the development of the
modern feminist movementBetty Friedan
Turbulent 1960s
51
This consumer advocate's book,
Unsafe At Any Speed, accused the auto
industry of emphasizing speed
and style over safety and economyRalph Nader
Turbulent 1960s
52
An organization of African American Southern leaders,
including Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., that
conducted peaceful civil rights demonstrations
SCLC
Turbulent 1960s
53
Those who opposed continuing U. S. involvement in
Vietnam
Doves
Turbulent 1960s
54
This outdoor gathering of over 400,000 young people in upstate New York in 1969 became a major "happening" of
the countercultureWoodstock
Turbulent 1960s
55
Initially an advocate of violence, this Black Muslim orator later
changed to black separatism after traveling to Mecca. He drifted
away from the Black Muslims and began advocating some
compromise with white society, but was soon assassinated in
1965
Malcolm X
Turbulent 1960s
56
A form of protest in the early 1960s in which African
American and white Americans joined together to desegregate buses and
bus depots used in interstate commerce
Freedom Riders
Turbulent 1960s
57
Young people of the 1960s who protested the Vietnam war and adopted
a style of dress and behavior that defied conventional tastes
Hippies
Turbulent 1960s
58
This biologist's book, Silent Spring, alerted the nation about the dangers to the environment from the use of pesticides in
agriculture
Rachel Carson
Turbulent 1960s
59
Those who supported the continuation of U. S.
involvement in Vietnam
• hawks
Turbulent 1960s
60
Student protest over President Nixon's bombing of Cambodia in 1970 ended in tragedy here when several were killed by
National Guardsmen trying to break up their protests
• Kent State
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
61
A 1972 agreement between the
superpowers to limit the production of specific
types of nuclear weapons
• SALT I
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
62
President Nixon's policy of reducing the number of U. S. troops in South Vietnam
coupled with the strengthening of the South
Vietnam armed forces
• Vietnamization
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
63
A federal agency for enforcing U. S. laws to
protect the nation's land, air, and water from
pollution
• EPA
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
64
The White House "plumber" who plotted
the Watergate break-in, he currently is the host of a right-wing conservative
radio talk show
• G. Gordy Liddy
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
65
President Nixon's policy of giving the
states greater responsibility for
controlling welfare and other government
programs• New Federalism
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
66
Nixon's Vice President, he was forced to resign when it was discovered that he
had taken bribes from contractors when he was governor of Maryland and was still receiving "kick-
backs" while Vice President• Spiro Agnew
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
67
A term used to describe the economy during Nixon's
presidency because business was not growing
and inflation was rising out of control
stagflation
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
68
This Defense Department official leaked the Pentagon Papers to the press. Nixon had his office burglarized
by White House "plumbers", seeking damaging evidence
against him
Daniel Ellsberg
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
69
The relaxation of strained political
relations and Cold War tensions between the
superpowers
detente
Nixon and the imperial Presidency
70
President Nixon's policy of telling Asian countries
that they would be responsible for their own
military defense in the future
Nixon Doctrine
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
71
This 1973 legislation had Congress place strict
limits on a President's power to engage in a foreign war without
Congressional consent
War Powers Act
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
72
They ended the war between North
Vietnam and the U. S. in 1973
Paris Accords
Nixon and the Imperial Presidency
73
Democratic candidate Walter Mondale became the first presidential candidate of a major political party to
choose a women as his running mate in 1984. She
was a Congresswoman from New York
Geraldine Ferraro
Ronald Reagan and the New Conservatism
74
Ronald Reagan's controversial Secretary
of the Interior, he outraged
environmentalists by opening federal lands to unlimited access by coal and timber companies
James Watt
Ronald Reagan and the New Conservatism
75
This Attorney General led an attack on suspected
anarchists and Communists in 1919
A. Mitchell Palmer
WWI
76
This illegal conspiracy of the Reagan administration
provided funding for anti-Communist rebels in
Nicaragua by secretly selling missiles to the Ayatollah
Koumeini's government and diverting the money to the
Nicaraguan rebelsIran Contra Affair
Ronald Reagan and the New Conservatism
77
The policy of reducing taxes in order to leave
business with more money to invest in
productive enterprises
Supply Side Economics
Ronald Reagan and the New Conservatism
78
In 1983, 241 Marines were killed here in a terrorist bombing of
their barracks
Lebanon
Ronald Reagan and the New Conservatism
79
Nicaraguan rebel group supported by the Reagan administration who tried
to overthrow the Sandinista government
Contras
Ronald Reagan and the New Conservatism
80
She was the first woman Justice
appointed to the Supreme Court
Sandra Day O’Connor
Ronald Reagan and the New Conservatism
81
Better known as "Star Wars", this was an attempt by the Reagan administration to create a missile defense
system that would use some type of laser technology in space to ward off incoming
missiles. Opponents criticized the program as too costly and
a science fiction fantasyS.D.I.
Roaring 20s
82
He ran as a third party candidate on the Reform Party ticket in 1992 and
received almost 20% of the popular vote, but not one
electoral vote. He ran again in 1996, but received less
than half of his 1992 popular vote countRoss Perot
Clinton Administration
83
Former American ambassador to the U. N.,
President Clinton appointed her as the first women Secretary of State
in the nation's history
Madeline Albright
Clinton Administration
84
The Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, he helped shape President
Clinton's successful economic policies
• Alan Greenspan
Clinton Administration
85
The controversial Speaker of the House who sought to
unite Republicans in support of conservative, ideological issues spelled out in his "Contract With
America."
Newt Gingrich
Clinton Administration
86
An international organization whose
member nations agreed to keep tariff laws in order, to
promote world trade
GATT
Clinton Administration
87
This legislation let workers take up to ten
weeks of unpaid leave for the birth of a new baby
or to assist a sick relative without the fear of losing
their jobFamily Leave Act
Clinton Administration
88
This Clinton Attorney General called for the
appointment of several Independent Special
Prosecutors to investigate several of the scandals in the Clinton White House.
She was the first female to hold this post in the
nation's historyJanet Reno
Clinton Administration
89
This radical leader of the Nation of Islam led the Million-Man March
in 1995
Louis Farrakhan
Clinton Administration
90
Supported by the Clinton
administration, this plan was designed
to restore President Jean Bertrand
Aristide to power in HaitiOperation Restore Democracy
Clinton Administration
91
This Clinton policy was an attempt to end
discrimination against homosexuals in the U.
S. military
Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell
Clinton Administration
92
It eliminated trade barriers between the U. S., Canada, and Mexico. It was barely approved by Congress in
1993 after a fierce political debate
NAFTA
Clinton Administration
93
This Clinton scandal revolved around the
question of whether or not the Clintons
benefitted improperly from their involvement in this real estate business
ventureWhitewater
Clinton Administration
94
This was the nickname of the first major gun
control legislation passed by Congress which
prohibited the purchase of 19 different types of
assault weaponsBrady Bill
Clinton Administration
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