Sustainable tools to promote tourist routes
Adrián Broz Lofiego Adrián Broz Lofiego
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1. Web 2.0. Definition.
The phenomenon “Web 2.0” or “Social Media” is
affecting the way people interact with each other…
It is transforming peoples’ individual and group
behavior and is also affecting the power structures in
the marketplace…
…causing a “substantial migration of market power… (Constantinides & Fountain, 2007)
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1. Web 2.0. Definition.
Producers or Vendors
Consumers
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The term Web 2.0 is “associated with web applications
that facilitate participatory information sharing,
interoperability, user-centered design, and collaboration
on the web.
A Web 2.0 site allows users to interact and collaborate
with each other, in a social media dialogue as creators…a
new concept appears…”the prosumer”…
1. Web 2.0. Definition.
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1. Web 2.0. Definition.
¿?
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“l'etat c'est moi”…what means…I am the
“state”…or I am the centre of the world…
Aprés moi le déluge…what means…after me
the deluge…I don’t care what happens
next…
But this is real in the markets nowadays???
1. Web 2.0. Definition.
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1. Web 2.0. Definition.
http://www.craplogo.me/
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Do you believe that the concept is
new….it is not…
…it was coined in January 1999 by
Darcy DiNucci, a consultant on
electronic information design.
1. Web 2.0. Definition.
In an article, "Fragmented Future", DiNucci considered
that “the Web we know now, which loads into a browser
window in essentially static screenfulls, is only an
embryo of the Web to come” (...)
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In her premonitory remarks, DiNucci considered
that the Web would appear on the computer
screens, on TV sets, car dashboards, cell phones,
hand-held game machines, among others
“The Web will be understood not as screenfulls of
text and graphics but as a transport mechanism,
the ether through which interactivity happens
1. Web 2.0. Definition.
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Enterprises are being transformed sharply nowadays
from and old business model built around the
“command and control aspects information
management” to a new one where “collaboration
and social networking” is the key component
which is characterizing the long term business
values (Schegg, et.al., 2010).
1. Web 2.0. Definition.
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1. Web 2.0. Definition.
The new technologies can be adopted by enterprises
already utilizing the web for business transactions
and presence (Schegg, et.al., 2010) in order to
increase the value of the brand, the loyalty, the
intention to purchase or even to promote the
“word of mouth behaviors”.
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Web 1.0, or web, refers to the first stage of the World Wide Web linking WebPages with hyperlinks.
Researchers commonly referred to Web 1.0 as “electronic commerce or e-business”.
In this world the role of Internet Search Portals, like Yahoo!, Lycos and Google were crucial.
In this world, corporates’ web sites were built simply to communicate presence or provide information on the business itself.
2. Web 1.0. The Prehistory.
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According to O’Reilly, 2005, the Web 1.0 main philosophy elements can be described as follow:
Web 1.0 sites were static.
Web 1.0 applications were proprietary.
Web 1.0 sites weren't interactive.
2. Web 1.0. The Prehistory.
http://www.ypf.com/ar_es/ http://www.repsol.com/es_es/
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This new technology encourages user participation and derives its greatest value when large communities contribute to the content.
User generated “metadata”, information, and designs enable a much richer environment where the value is generated by the volume of users.
The term User-Generated Content (UGC) is often used to underline this special attribute of all the above Web 2.0 application categories (Constantinides and Fountain, 2007).
3. Web 2.0.: our present...and future?
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With regard to the innovative nature of Web 2.0, it can be argued that the movement has not contributed many radically new technological components…
…it has merely created new families of online applications sharing a number of common sets of objectives, characteristics and design principles.
The main innovative aspect of these applications is the way they allow user participation in the form of content contribution and content editing…
3. Web 2.0.: our present...and future?
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1. Focused on service-based, simple and open-source solutions in the form of online applications.
Shift towards online services: from software as product to software as service. The new Web 2.0 applications very often make use of open-source software.
Simplicity: Web 2.0 applications are widely considered as simple and unfussy, at least from the user ’ s perspective.
These applications often lack a financial vendor lock-in and the user can easily exchange or substitute any service for another.
4. Web 2.0. Main Principles & Services.
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2. Continuous and incremental application development requiring the participation and interaction of users in new ways: not only “consuming” but also contributing, reviewing and editing content.
Continuous, real-time improvement.
There is never a definitive version and software remains under development and improvement as long as it exists.
More users more value though the aggregation of collective intelligence .
4. Web 2.0. Main Principles & Services.
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3. New service-based business models and new opportunities for reaching small individual customers with low-volume products.
Changes in revenue and usage models: A number of Web 2.0 applications secure part of their revenue stream on advertising revenue or sponsoring.
From mass markets to the individual customers: there is a high market potential of individual, “unsegmented” consumers with very specific interests and demand for low-volume, customized products and services.
4. Web 2.0. Main Principles & Services.
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Web
2.0
.
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The concept comprises a 2nd generation of Web-based services, including:
Blogs.
Social networks.
Content Communities.
Internet Forums / bulleting boards.
Content aggregators.
Mashups.
4. Web 2.0. Main Principles & Services.
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1. Blogs. Many people use the term synonymous of a
"personal web site" (Blood, 2004).
Offer the ability for the nonprogrammer to communicate on a regular basis easily.
Allow readers to become content providers.
Blogs are often combined with Podcasts, that is digital audio or video that can be streamed or downloaded to portable devices.
4. Web 2.0. Main Principles & Services.
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2. Social networks. Applications allowing users to build personal
websites accessible to other users for exchange of personal content and communication.
A social network service essentially consists of a representation of each user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of additional services.
Most social network services are web based and provide means for users to interact over the internet, such as e-mail and instant messaging.
4. Web 2.0. Main Principles & Services.
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3. Content Communities.
Websites organizing and sharing particular types of content.
Its use for a wide range of applications, including problem processing, news, gossip and research.
All digital media technologies are included, (question-answer databases, digital video, blogging, podcasting, forums, review-sites…)
4. Web 2.0. Main Principles & Services.
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4. Internet Forums / Bulleting Boards.
Sites for exchanging ideas and information usually around special interests.
People can hold conversations in the form of posted messages.
They differ from chat rooms in that messages are at least temporarily archived.
A posted message might need to be approved by a moderator before it becomes visible.
4. Web 2.0. Main Principles & Services.
http://personaldemocracy.com
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5.Content Aggregators.
Applications allowing users to fully customise the web
content they wish to access.
These sites make use of a technique known as Real Simple
Syndication or Rich Site Summary (RSS). Examples:
http://uk.my.yahoo.com,
http://www.google.com/ig
http://www.netvibes.com/
4. Web 2.0. Main Principles & Services.
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6. Mashups.
Is a Web page or application that uses and combines data, presentation or functionality from two or more sources to create new services.
These applications can be combined to deliver additional value that the individual parts could no on their own.
4. Web 2.0. Main Principles & Services.
Combines the Google mapping application with a real estate listing service on Craiglists.com
www.wikipediavision.com combines Google Map and a Wikipedia Application Programming Interface
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It is interesting to glimpse the previous stages of the
industry and applying it to similar concepts, such as 0.0 and
1.0.
Tourism 0.0 = Offline Tourism / Tourism 1.0: beginning and
development of e-tourism
Tourist 1.0. Limitations: does not solve the problems of
access and transparency and does not include the transfer of
knowledge as determinant of productivity and business
destinations.
5. The Web 2.0 and the Tourist Sector.
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The development of new technologies has changed the way
companies operate.
The client has the capacity to determine the reputation of the
companies through their comments, advices,
recommendations.
We can talk about the creation of a new form of travel, thanks
to Web 2.0 and social networking in planning the trip
(information and feedback) and after having used the
services.
5. Tourism 2.0.
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5. The Web 2.0 and the Tourist Sector.
0.0 1.0 2.0
Tipe of Organization
Fully Integrated
Red Red
Tipe of Society Industrial Information Society
Information and Communication
Society
Tipe of Offering Standarized, for mases and
rigid.
Individualized, flexible and segmented
Individualized, flexible and segmented
Electronic Tourism
Penetration
Unplugged (Indiference)
Partially Connected
Fully Connected
Client Oriented Low Medium / High (in only one direction)
High (bidirectional)
Destination Oriented
Low Medium / High High
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We therefore performed a classification of various Web
pages by content, to try to bring order to the Travel 2.0.
Maps & Directions Pages .
Audio and Video Pages.
Blogs.
Specialty Tourism Pages
Tourist Corporations and Government Agency Pages.
Social Network Pages.
5. Tourism 2.0.
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The Web 2.0 concept is becoming an important element
in travel planning and buying.
Using diffusion of innovations theory, the results show
that enterprises having adopted websites early also
lead in the adoption of Web 2.0 technologies.
Today's’ online consumer has access to a previously
unknown reservoir of information and knowledge as well
as unlimited choice, available at the click of the mouse.
5. The Web 2.0 and the Tourist Sector.
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1. Criticize on a constructive base the Web
2.0. of each national team under the
requirements introduced in the ICT Plan
(40’).
2. Introduce a national sustainable tourist
route and analyze the utilization of ICT Tools
in the process of diffusion of this route(30´).
6. Activities.
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Thank you very much!
Florida – Florida – Valencia TeamValencia TeamCristina Gimeno/ Silvia GarcíaCristina Gimeno/ Silvia García
Irene Caballero / Sandra BartoloméIrene Caballero / Sandra Bartolomé
Franziska JautzFranziska Jautz