Fibrous AssembliesFibrous Assemblies

Now What?

• At this point the only choices we have to use what we made by both types of spinning– Monofilament– Sewing thread

• So we move up to the next level

Woven Fabrics

• Woven fabric– formed by interlacing

two distinct sets of yarns

• warp – yarns running the length of the fabric, machine direction

• weft/filling – yarns running width of fabric, cross direction

Woven Fabrics (2)

• Plain weave– tightest, strongest– every end interlaces

with every pick

• Matte weave– good tear and burst

resistance– ends and picks interlace

as groups

Woven Fabrics (3)• Twill weave

– diagonal appearance– good tear strength

• Satin weave– excellent tear strength– good openness– common fabric structure in

composites

Woven Fabrics (4)

• Pile weaves– 3-D structure

• Leno weaves– open– stable

Knitted Fabrics

• Two categories– weft knitted

• high extensibility widthwise• tubing, hosiery

– warp knitted• high dimensional stability• meshes

Weft Knitted Fabrics

• Plain knitted– good widthwise (2x)

and lengthwise (1.5x) extension

• Rib knitted– high widthwise (4x) and

good lengthwise (1.5x) extension

Warp Knitted-Meshes and Nets

Braids

• Diagonally interlaced– strong– torque balanced– sutures– artificial tendons

Nonconventional• Nonwovens

– barriers, suture buttresses, sponges and absorbents, disposables

• Laminates– barriers, protective

materials