Experience in Nepal
CommunityHouseholds
Income Education Health Human Security
Social Justice (Life with Dignity)
VDC Level
District Level
Central Level
MinistryDonors
INGO Departments
LA Offices
Sub-offices
NGO
Dist Dev CommitteeDist Dev Committee
VDC
Local Development and Service Delivery Mechanism In Nepal
Pre 1990
1990- 1999 & 2003 - 2007
1990- 2000 & 2003 - 2007
2000 – 2002
LSGA
HHHH
Post 2007
User Groups, CBOs, Mothers’ Groups, CMCs
Private SectorPrivate Sector
NGOs/ Civil SocietyNGOs/ Civil Society
Missing Accountability
Missing Accountability
LED Model
NEPAL B.E. CONTEXT
• Post-conflict situation with a poor investment climate due to difficult political transition and rising crime: at the same time, conflict did not destroy infrastructure, institutional structures, etc
• Limited decentralized development investments sustainability and impact for growth and employment creation due to: Short one year planning cycle
(dominated by politicians and local government officials in the absence of locally elected representatives)
Excessive emphasis on community and household level investments
Fragmented sectoral approaches to development (e.g. infrastructure investments not linked to building key competitive advantages for growth and job creation)
The transition of the role of Government in PSD from ‘managing’ to ‘facilitator’ is slow
NEPAL B.E. CONTEXT (Cont’d/-)
• High dependency on foreign remittances: it’s the largest sector of the economy after agriculture
• High levels of underemployment and poverty: Nepal is a landlocked LCD
• Women, Indigenous People and Excluded Castes marginalized in enterprise development and employment (decision-making and receipt of benefits)
• Government does not understand its (ideal) role as catalyst and facilitator of private sector-led growth: it wants to be the manager of PSD!
LED Key principles
Territorial approach
Integrated approach
Sustainability
and
decent work
Good governance
LED strategic planningThe EmPLED process of six phases:
Territorial
diagnosis
and
institutional
mapping
Sensitizing
Creating
or
promoting
a local
forum
Designing
an LED
strategy
Coordinate
or create
implemen-
tation
structures
Evaluating
and
monitoring
activities
LED STEPS• Project formulation • Stakeholder orientation meeting – overview of LED and
EmPLED and promotion of LED Forum.• Data collection for rapid socio-economic profiling (GPRP).• Introductory workshop for all key stakeholders – findings of
GPR profile, consider hypothesis, and decide on immediate priority areas.
• PACA (participatory appraisal of competitive advantage) – gather additional detailed information on priority areas.
• Start-up workshop to agree quick impact activities for priority areas, establishment of LED Forum and implementation.
• Longer term planning and action plans and leveraging of support funds.
• Implementation, monitoring and evaluation.
EmPLED
LED Forum_ Unique Nepali Public, Private, civil Society Partnership
GOVERNMENT LINEAGENCIESPRIVATE SECTORS
TVET,BANK,NGOs,
IP’s & Dalit
TRADEUNIONS
LED Forum
EmPLED Nepal’s Components
1. Capacity Development of Stakeholders
2. Food Value Chain
3. Tourism Value Chain
CORE
farmers middlemen wholesalers
LED Forum, identifies priority, area
Resources Markets
Food value chain
Irrigation Canals
Cooperative
Experienced Lead Farmers/certification
Training, network formation
Exposure visit to successful cases Rupendehi
Trainings
Training and income for farmers
Marketing training
High value cropping seeds
Results:8,000 farmers trained access to services/market40 certified ELF320 ha Irrigation Command area developed30 Km Agriculture Road16 sq. Km watershed Managed 143,,450 Work days Job created & income 2-3 $ per day
Link to Wholesaler
Road
Farmers Association & link to DADO
LED Radio Program
CORE
farmers middlemen wholesalers
LED Forum, identifies priority
Resources Markets
Junar value chain
Road
Cooperative
Experienced Lead Farmers
Training, network formation
Exposure visit to Kathmandu
Training
Training and income for farmers
Marketing training
Intercropping seeds
Results:1,500 farmers trained and gain access to market170 organisedSales/Income increased
Link to supermarket
CORE
Guides, Porters,
Home-staysAgents
LED Forum, identifies priority
Resources Markets
Numbur Chees & IP tourism value chain
Trail improvedCampsites developed
Tourism committees
Access road
Training
Training and income for local workers
Cooking, home-stay management training
Results:27 home-stays,9 VTC31 km trail,10 km road38 people trained15,000 actor connectedPromotion taking placeTourists are starting to use the trail
National and international promotion, brochure, map, Website
Home-stay improvement
Guide training
Product development
Link, visit to trails
Exposure visit
Some “early signs”• Tripling of sales in junar and potato• Incomes generated from tourists on two new trails• Better quality potato seeds, sales increased due to new
markets• Productivity up and more rice, vegetables grown in
Kamala irrigation area• More vegetables grown in Khimti irrigation area• First sales made from fish pond & Association of Fish
Farmer• More enterprises joining flower value chain• VAHW earning Rs 3,000 to 12,000 per month• 8,500 households benefited directly from EmPLED
15
Increased outreach through “demonstration effect”
• Replication of LED approach by other projects• Potato store and training • Solar irrigation pump • Fodder grass • Asparagus (4 villages)• Radio programmes (4)• Watershed – funding being sought• Irrigation – funding likely in Kamala, sought for
other districts• VDC planning (87 in Dhanusha), also in other
Districts
16
Lesson Learned• Project successfully introduced a new Integrated
approach under difficult circumstances• Responded flexibly and appropriately to
emerging opportunities• Objectives and outputs largely achieved• Significant outreach and impact likely• Stakeholders and beneficiaries very positive• Some changes in strategy would enhance
effectiveness, impact, sustainability• 3 years is too short for LED
17
NAMASTE
EmPLED
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