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Page 1: EU trade policy: EFTA, Turkey and EUROMED agreements

EFTA,Turkey and EUROMED

AgreementsIsabelle Ramdoo, ECDPM

MEXA Workshop, 27 July 2012Labourdonnais Hotel

EU Trade Policy

Page 2: EU trade policy: EFTA, Turkey and EUROMED agreements

1. European Free Trade Areaa) EFTA and the EUb)EFTA as a potential market

2. Turkeya)EU – Turkey Customs Unionb)Turkey Mauritius FTAc)Turkey safeguard on woven fabrics and apparel

3. Euromed Agreementsa)Tunisia – Morocco – Egypt

4. EU – South Africa : TDCA

Overview of Presentation

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Page 3: EU trade policy: EFTA, Turkey and EUROMED agreements

1. EFTA and the EU

• The 4 EFTA countries are Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland

• They signed an European Economic Area Agreement in 1994 with the EU, allowing them to participate in EU’s internal market

• It covers free movement of goods for industrial products. Tariff reductions are applicable for agriculture and fish and fish products

• EEA is not a customs union, and therefore each EFTA country applies its own rate of duty to all third countries.

European Free Trade Association

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Tariffs applied by EU Fish fillets, fresh, frozen, chilled Tuna, skip jack fish prepared and

preservedEEA 5.4% 7.2% 7.2%MFN 18.0% 24.0% 24.0%

EPA Mauritius 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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EFTA as a potential market: trade relations with third countries

• EFTA has concluded 24 FTAs with a total of 33 partner countries and territories outside the EU: Albania, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Egypt, the Gulf Cooperation Council (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates), Hong Kong, Israel, Jordan, Korea, Lebanon, Macedonia, Mexico, Montenegro, Morocco, Palestinian Authority, Peru, Serbia, Singapore, the Southern African Customs Union (Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland), Tunisia, Turkey and Ukraine.

• Negotiations are on going with Bosnia, Central American States, India and Indonesia, Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan. Negotiations are expected to be launched with Vietnam.

• EFTA has signed a Joint Declaration on Cooperation with Mauritius. This is not an FTA

• FTAs provides for free trade in industrial goods, including fish and other marine products; and tariff reductions in processed agricultural products;

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• Imports of textiles from selected EFTA countries :Norway

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Norway Yarn Cotton Fabric

Denim Fabric

T Shirts Cotton

T Shirts Man

madePull Wool

Pull Cotton Trousers Shirts

Cotton

Total imports ('€ 000) 2,543 109 27 105,447 148,432 2,520 138,633 146,051 73,272

China 1.5% 18.3% 18.5% 32.0% 34.1% 35.8% 61.3% 25.3% 41.0%Bangladesh         25.2%   13.1% 11.1% 5.8%

Turkey       14.4% 18.4%   7.1% 15.7% 6.7%Germany 48.6%                

Italy 18.6%   18.5% 5.3%   12.6%   11.2% 2.0%tunisia               6.4%  

Pakistan               6.0%  India         5.1%   1.9% 2.8% 14.6%UK 13.0% 16.5%              

Lithuania       12.1% 1.6%        Peru 6.0%                US   15.6%              

Sweden   13.8%       3.7%     8.3%Hong Kong           18.0%      

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Tariffs applied by Norway on textile products

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Norway Tariffs Yarn Cotton

FabricDenim Fabric

T Shirts Cotton

T shirts man made

Pull wool Pull cotton Trousers Shirts

cotton

MFN 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 10.7% 10.7% 10.7% 10.7% 10.7% 10.7%

GSP Rate (including

MRU)0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 10.7% 10.7% 10.7% 10.7% 0% 0%

LDCs 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Countries having FTAs with Norway

Egypt 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Morocco 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Peru 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Mexico 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

SACU 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Tunisia 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Turkey 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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Norway GSP Scheme and Rules of Origin• GSP applies to all developing countriesCoverage:• Prepared or preserved fish benefit from 100% reduction from MFN• T-shirts, jerseys and pulls (Ch 61.09; 69.10) are excluded from GSP • Trousers and shirts (Ch 62) : GSP = 0%• LDCs have duty free, including from excluded products

General Rules- Change in tariff heading – i.e when all the imported materials (non-originating

materials) used are classified in a HS tariff heading (4 digits) different from the tariff heading under which the exported product is classified, except when specified in the specific rule

- Chapter 3 : fresh fish – wholly obtained;- Chapter 16: Canned tuna, prepared, preserved fish: fish to be wholly obtained.- Yarn: silk – manufacture from raw silk; - Woven fabric – manuf. from natural fibres (double stage transformation)- T shirts & pull (Ch 61) – Manufacture from natural fibres- Shirts (Ch 62) – Manufacture from yarn (double stage transformation)

-

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Value tolerance – 10% of ex works price (except where specified otherwise)

Cumulation: All countries must be GSP beneficiary; 3 types:1.Bilateral – with Norway2.Regional – between developing countries forming a regional grouping, at the request of the country and upon approval. 3.Diagonal – between Norway, EU and Switzerland and beneficiary country (except in Ch 1 – 24). It implies that materials originating in Norway, EU and Switzerland can be incorporated in goods produced in a GSP country, when the final product is exported to Norway, EU and Switzerland.

Derogation possible for LDCs only, if justified for economic development purposes

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Switzerland – Textile imports from main markets

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Switzerland Yarn Cotton Fabric

Denim Fabric

T Shirts Cotton

T Shirts Man made

Pull Wool

Pull Cotton Trousers Shirts

Cotton

Total imports (€ '000) 3,172 9,427 314 190,532 114,052 5,453 409,445 379,964 165,403

China     6.4% 4.5% 4.3% 8.0% 12.4% 11.2% 7.8%Bangladesh       9.2%     11.2% 8.4% 7.1%

Turkey   4.5%   4.5% 5.1%   3.4%   9.9%Germany 30.6% 11.6% 44.9% 38.7% 55.0%   26.4% 36.8% 29.2%

Italy 3.0% 44.1%   7.9% 6.0% 53.1%   12.4% 21.1%Belgium 13.7%                France   22.5%     4.2% 3.7% 7.7%   5.7%

Madagascar           3.8%      Japan     17.8%            Spain     7.3%            

Austria   13.5%              India       4.8%     8.8%   4.5%

Pakistan               3.7%  UK           5.8%      

Denmark 26.5%                Peru           4.0%      

Estonia 19.1%                

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Tariffs applied by Switzerland: Note duties are specific

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Switzerland Yarn Cotton Fabric*

Denim Fabric*

T Shirts Cotton

T Shirts Man made

Pull Wool

Pull Cotton Trousers Shirts

Cotton

MFN Duty CHF 26 - 46/100 kg

CHF130/100 kg

CH 75/100 kg

CHF 152/100 kg

CHF 391/100 kg

CHF 306/100k

gCHF

120/100 kgCHF 182/100

kgCHF

200/100 kg

GSP CHF 13 23/100 kg

CHF 65/100 kg

CHF 37.5/100k

gCHF 76/100

kgCHF

195.5/100 kgCHF

153/100kg

CHF 60/100 kg

CHF 91/100 kg

CHF 100/100 kg

China MFN MFN MFN MFN MFN MFN MFN MFN MFNCountries having an FTA with Switzerland

Morocco 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Tunisia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Turkey 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Egypt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0SACU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

* for fabric, when manufactured from handlooms from Pak, Sri Lanka, India and China, Duty =0%

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Rules of origin applied by Switzerland

• Since 2011, Swiss RoO for industrial products are identical to EU RoO; i.e differentiation between developing countries and LDCs

• For agricultural products (HS chapters 1 to 24), the rules of origin are specific to the Swiss GSP and apply the method of tariff heading change (HS 4-digit level) with the exception of four products, i.e. HS 1108 (starches), 1901 (malt extract), 1904 (cereal products), and 1905 (bread, pastry, cakes).

• General value tolerance: 15% ex-works price, with the exception of textile and clothing, where specific rules apply

Derogation possible for LDCs only, if justified for economic development purposes

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Cumulation:

- Bilateral, between Switzerland and beneficiary country;- Diagonal, with Norway, EU and Turkey (with Turkey, not yet in force) - limited to industrial products of HS Chapters 25-97- Regional – between countries belonging to same regional group provided that a request is made and approved by Switzerland and there is sufficient processing. Products of chapters 50 to 63 and HS 6401 to 6405 are excluded from regional cumulation .

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Imports from Norway and Switzerland – Fish and Fish products

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Norway

Fish fillets, fresh, frozen, chilled

Tuna, skip jack

fish prepared

and preserve

dTotal

imports (€’000)

49,917 10,649 31,503

China 34.4%    Russia 13.9%    

Thailand 12.3% 85.9% 0.3%Poland 6.8%    

Faroe Isl 5.8%    Vietnam 3.5% 4.8%  

Italy   2.7%  Philippines   2.5%  

Portugal   1.0%  Sweden     71.9%France     8.6%

Denmark     4.6%Japan     3.3%

Switzerland

Fish fillets, fresh, frozen, chilled

Tuna, skip jack

fish prepared

and preserved

Total Imports (€ ‘000) 79,270 8,509 16,779

Vietnam 17.2%    Germany 10.6% 34.0% 16.2%

Denmanrk 9.2%   5.9%Russia 9.2%    China 8.7%    Italy   17.0% 15.9%Spain   36.8%  

Morocco   7.4%  France   2.5% 23.2%

Netherlands     16.8%

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Tariffs applied by Switzerland and Norway

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Norway Fish fillets, fresh, frozen, chilled Tuna, skip jack fish prepared and

preservedMFN 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

GSP Rate (including MRU) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%LDCs 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Countries havinf FTA 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Switzerland Fish fillets, fresh, frozen, chilled Tuna, skip jack fish prepared and

preservedMFN None None CHF 0 -13.00/100kgGSP None None None

Countries having FTAs None None None

Rules of origin: fish fillets: Wholly obtainedTuna and prepared fish: fish must be wholly obtained

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• A Customs Union between Turkey and the EU entered into force in December 1995.

• The scope of the customs union with Turkey is limited to industrial

products and processed agricultural products.

• Some products do not fall within the scope of the customs union: they remain subject to a preferential treatment based on origin. These are agricultural products and coal and steel

• In a nutshell: Turkey – EU CU covers textile and apparel but does not cover fish and fish products

2. TURKEY

1. EU – Turkey Customs Union

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 T Shirts Cotton

T Shirts Man Made Trousers Pull

CottonShirts Cotton

Denim Fabric

Cotton Fabric Yarn Pull

Wool

Total Exports to world (€ '000)

1,951,195 1,102,113 1,034,069 674,244 494,457 316,756 53,916 6,170 5,241

EU 87.1% 82.1% 81.7% 86.0% 74.0% 35.5% 53.9% 84.5% 66.1%Hong Kong               8.3%  Freezones             21.7%    Morocco             4.3%    Tunisia           17.9%      Egypt           10.9%      Russia 1.1%   2.8%     8.7%      

US 0.9% 1.1%     4.3%        Iraq   10.9%              

Exports of Turkish textile products to main markets

Tariffs: duty free

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Fish and fish products: Exports from Turkey to main marketsTariffs: Duty free

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  Fish fillets, fresh, frozen, chilled Tuna, skip jack fish prepared and

preserved

Total Exports to world (€ '000) 43,720 291 6,190

EU 86.7% 55.3% 80.4%US 7.6% 20.3% 5.5%

Azerbaijan     13.0%

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Rules of origin:For industrial products – Movement of goods within customs unions

is not based on their originating status but on the fact that they comply with provisions on free circulation

For agricultural products – pan-Euro-Mediterranean ProtocolVessel requirements (all conditions must be fulfilled):- Registration and flag- Ownership: 50% by nationals; or companies headquarted in Turkey

or EU where executive staff (managers, board members etc) must be nationals;

- Masters and officials are nationals- At least 75% of crew must be nationalsValue tolerance: 10% of ex-works price Derogation: None

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Cumulation: Simplification to cover, EU27, EFTA (Iceland, Liechtenstein

Mediterranean countries (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Syria, Tunisia, Palestine, West Bank and Gaza) - 42 countries in total. Key elements:

- Bilateral cumulation – between EU and Turkey;

- Full cumulation between European Economic Area (EU27 + Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway), Turkey, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia

- Diagonal cumulation – with other Euro Med countries having FTAs among themselves and identical rules of origin

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1. Mauritius – Turkey FTAMauritius signed an trade agreement with Turkey in 2011. The Agreement

has not yet entered into force.

What has been obtained?

2. Turkey as a potential market

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Turkey Tariffs Yarn Cotton

FabricDenim Fabric

T Shirts Cotton

T shirts man made Pull wool Pull cotton Trousers Shirts

cottonMFN 3.8% 8% 8% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12%GSP 3% 6.4% 6.4% 9.6% 9.6% 9.6% 9.6% 9.6% 9.6%

Mauritius FTA from date of

entry into force

0% 0% 0%25% per year

from entry into force of agreement

25% per year from entry

into force of agreement

0%25% per year

from entry into force of agreement

25% per year from entry

into force of agreement

25% per year from entry

into force of agreement

TurkeyFish fillets, fresh, frozen, chilled Tuna, skip jack

fish prepared and preserved

MFN 30% 80% 80%GSP N0 Preferences

Mauritius FTA 100% reduction on MFN on 100 KG

20% reduction on MFN (no quota limits)

50% reduction on MFN rate for 100 kg

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Value tolerance: 15% ex works priceGeneral Derogation: possible for development purposesDerogation for tuna: annual quota of 3.000 tonnes for preserved tuna and

tuna loins and 2.000 tonnes for fish fillets (valid for 7 years, with possibility of renewal)

Vessels:Registration and flag requirements; and at least one of the following:- ownership: 50% national- Owned by companies with HO in country + 50 % ownership by nationals

Cumulation:BilateralDiagonal – as with EPA, Mauritius can source its products with Turkey or EU

or EPA countries, provided they are sufficiently processedWith neighbouring countries, provided a PTA is applicable, the RoO are

similar and countries have concluded an agreement on customs cooperation

Mauritius Turkey FTA – Rules of Origin

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Specific rules: Textiles

• Yarn – Manufacture from raw silk

• Fabric – single stage transformation – manufacture from yarn

• T Shirts and pullovers – single stage transformation - manufacture from fabric

• Trousers and Shirts – single stage transformation - manufacture from fabric

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• In January 2011, Turkey initiated safeguard procedures regarding imports of woven fabric and apparel

• Approved by Turkish Authorities in September 2011

• The safeguard currently applies to Mauritius but will be lifted as soon as the the FTA will enter into force

Special safeguard measure applicable on textiles

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Turkey special

safeguardCotton Fabric

Denim Fabric

T Shirts Cotton

T shirts man made Pull wool Pull cotton Trousers Shirts

cotton

MFN 8% 8% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12%Countries

other than EU and FTA countries

MFN + 30%

MFN + 30%

MFN + 40% MFN + 40% MFN + 40% MFN + 40% MFN + 40% MFN + 40%

GSP MFN + 28%

MFN + 28%

MFN + 37% MFN + 37% MFN + 37% MFN + 37% MFN + 37% MFN + 37%

LDCs MFN + 21%

MFN + 21%

MFN + 27% MFN + 27% MFN + 27% MFN + 27% MFN + 27% MFN + 27%

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3. EUROMED Agreements:

Case of Tunisia, Morocco and Egypt

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Key elements of the EU Med Agreements1. Coverage: Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, Palestine,

Turkey, Syria (not signed)

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• Cover essentially trade in goods, being complemented with a number of additional negotiations to open up additional agricultural trade;

• Duty-free access to the EU for Med industrial products and around 80% of agricultural produce

• Common rules to allow cumulation of origin within the Euromed and beyond.

• Regional convention on PanEuroMed preferential rules of origin agreed in 2011

• However: proper implementation of the requires complete South-South FTA network

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Exports of selected textile products of Tunisia to main marketsTariffs: duty free on all selected products below

1. Tunisia

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  Trousers T Shirts Cotton

T Shirts Man Made

Shirts Cotton

Pull cotton

Denim Fabric

Pull Wool

Cotton fabric Yarn

Total Exports to world (€

'000)495,427 276,907 100,246 60,256 53,344 35,681 22,873 24 48

EU 97.1% 99.8% 98.3% 99.3% 95.4% 42.7% 100.0% 0.0% 100.0%

 Tuna, skip jack fish prepared and

preservedFish fillets, fresh,

frozen, chilled

Total Exports to world (€ '000) 2,789 792 111

EU 15.3% 99.9% 100.0%Libya 73.8%    UAE 7.4%    

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Exports of selected textile products of Morocco to main marketsTariffs: Duty free on all selected products below

2. Morocco

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  Trousers T Shirts Cotton

T Shirts Man Made

Shirts Cotton

Pull cotton

Denim Fabric

Pull Wool

Cotton fabric Yarn

Total Exports to world (€ '000)

273,888 189,384 82,744 71,126 43,162 29,050 922 538 19

EU 95.7% 98.8% 98.9% 98.7% 99.9% 98.3% 99.3% 86.6% 100.0%

Fish prepared and preserved Tuna, skipjack

Total Exports to world (€ '000) 83,213 2,484EU 92.1% 77.4%Syria 3.1% 10.3%Eq. Guinea 1.3% 9.4%

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Exports of selected textile products of Egypt to main marketsTariffs: Duty free on selected products below

3. Egypt

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  T Shirts Cotton

T Shirts Man Made Trousers Shirts

Cotton Yarn Pull Wool Pull cotton

Total Exports to world (€ '000) 246,712 42,450 135,314 31,137 2,476 65 84

EU 47.9% 50.8% 24.4% 68.9% 8.0% 9.2% 0.0%Turkey 4.5%   7.6%   82.0%    

US 42.6% 43.6% 65.0% 28.3%   90.8% 95.2%

Egypt does not export fish and fish products (tuna, skipjack) to the EU. However, duty on tuna is 20.5%

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Textile products: YarnManufacture from raw silk, natural fibres, chemicals or paper make

materialsValue tolerance: 10% weight of yarnFabricSingle stage transformation - Manufacture from yarn Value tolerance: 10% weight of fabricApparel:Double stage transformation – manufacture from yarnValue tolerance: 8% ex works price

Fish and fish products:Same as above for Turkey

A closer look at rules of origin in the Euromed Zone

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• Jordan, Morocco, Egypt and Tunisia have an FTA since 2006.• This FTA is based on their EUROMED agreement.• The RoO that apply are the EU RoO• This allows them to use the full cumulation principle, when

they export to the EU. It means that any of those four countries can source their inputs among themselves and export to the EU and still benefit from duty free access to the EU market.

Cumulation

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EU South Africa Trade relationshipTDCA

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• South Africa is the EU's largest trading partner in Africa• EU concluded a trade, development and cooperation agreement in 1999

Rules of originCumulation – Bilateral between SA and EUCumulation with ACP:- SACU – Any working or processing carried out within SACU shall be

considered as having been carried out in South Africa, when further worked or processed there

- Other ACP –Products acquire originating status in the Community or South Africa only when the value added there exceeds the value of the materials used originating in any one of the ACP States and when it has undergone sufficient working or processing. However, EPA RoO should apply between SA and ACP country. This is currently not the case.

Vessels (all):a. Registration and flag requirementsb. Ownership requirement : 50% (also for companies headquartered)c. Nationality requirement for masters and officialsd. Crew requirement: 75% should be nationals (c and d to be replaced by 50%

crew requirement once tariffs are reduced on fisheries)

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General value tolerance: 15% ex works price, except for products falling within chapter 3 and 24 (incl fish and fish products), where 10% ex works price

Specific rules:Fish and fish products: wholly obtained

Yarn: Manufacture from raw silk or natural fibres

Fabric: Single stage transformation – manufacture from yarn or natural fibres

T-shirts and pullovers: Double stage transformation – manufacture from yarn or natural fibres

Shirts and trousers: Double stage transformation – manufacture from yarn or natural fibres

Value tolerance: 10% weight of yarn

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Tariff applied to South Africa under TDCA

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  Yarn Cotton Fabric

Denim Fabric

T Shirts Cotton

T Shirts Man made

Pull Wool

Pull Cotton Trousers

Tariff applied by EU under TDCA to South Africa

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

  Fish fillets, fresh, frozen, chilled Tuna, skip jack fish prepared and

preserved

No preferences under TCDA - GSP applied 14.5% 20.5% 20.5%

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Exports of selected textile products of South Africa to main markets

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  T Shirts Cotton Trousers T Shirts

Man MadeShirts Cotton

Pull Cotton Pull Wool Denim

Fabric

Total Exports to world (€ '000) 4,615 4,334 2,818 2,109 254 220 165

EU 10.7% 13.2% 6.1% 4.9% 16.1% 4.5% 0.0%Zambia 11.7% 11.3% 17.1% 15.0% 27.6% 30.9%  

Zimbabwe 10.9% 14.2% 12.5% 32.5% 9.4%   18.2%Mozambique   15.0% 18.6%     10.5%  

Mauritius 8.7% 5.5% 5.5% 5.5% 14.6% 9.1% 81.2%DRC 10.8%            

Angola       8.3%      Kenya           26.8%  

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• South Africa is the largest trading partner of Mauritius in Africa

Imports from South Africa from main competitors in selected products

South Africa as a potential market

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South Africa YarnCotton Fabric

Denim Fabric

T Shirts Cotton

T Shirts Man made

Pull Wool

Pull Cotton Trousers

Shirts Cotton

Total imports 820 2,215 6,884 118,304 51,255 2,790 28,288 121,537 64,779Italy   6.0%       10.1%   1.0%  China 15.2% 20.2% 45.4% 48.3% 68.4%   65.6% 62.7% 41.3%Turkey 76.8%       1.1%     0.9% 1.7%Austria   6.5%              Bangladesh       3.9% 2.1%   3.6% 6.5% 11.0%Hong Kong             2.3%    India     6.7% 8.6% 1.3%   1.8% 1.2% 8.6%Bulgaria 4.9%                Mauritius 2.1% 58.1% 35.1% 28.1% 12.3% 52.2% 9.1% 18.9% 10.3%Mexico     3.2%            Thailand   3.8%     3.2%        Madagascar       2.2%   28.2% 9.8% 4.1% 17.0%Tanzania       1.0%          Indonesia         2.9%       3.7%Vietnam         1.3%        

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South Africa imports from fish and fish products from main market

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South Africa Fish fillets, fresh, frozen, chilled Tuna, skip jack fish prepared and

preservedTotal imports 5,412 30,526 3,047

China 18.4%   23.5%Vietnam 15.0%    Norway 23.7%    

Mauritius 7.8% 0.2%  Philippines   2.0%  

UK      Thailand   95.5% 10.7%Argentina 6.4%    

Taipei   1.1%  Indonesia   0.4%  

Italy   0.2%  Uruguay     41.8%

Page 39: EU trade policy: EFTA, Turkey and EUROMED agreements

Duties applied by South Africa to SADC countries

ECDPM Page 39

  Yarn Cotton Fabric

Denim Fabric

T Shirts Cotton

T Shirts Man made

Pull Wool

Pull Cotton Trousers

MFN Rate 0% 22% 22% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45%

Duty applied to SADC countries 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

  Fish fillets, fresh, frozen, chilled Tuna, skip jack fish prepared and

preserved

MFN Rate 25% 25% or $240 whicher is the highest $ 7.2 per tonne

Duty applied to SADC countries 0% 0% 0%

Page 40: EU trade policy: EFTA, Turkey and EUROMED agreements

• Fish and Fish products: Wholly obtained

• Yarn: (51.06.10) – change in tariff heading

• Fabric: Single stage transformation – manufacture from yarn

• T Shirts and pullovers: Double stage transformation - manufacture from yarn

• Shirts and trousers: Double stage transformation - manufacture from yarn

SADC Rules of Origin

ECDPM Page 40

Page 41: EU trade policy: EFTA, Turkey and EUROMED agreements

Thank youwww.ecdpm.org

www.slideshare.net/ecdpm

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