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Waterflood Surveillance-1
Dosen : Ir Andry halim, MM
STT MIGAS, Bali!a!an
"##$
%ecture 1#
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&oida'e (ontrol
"
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Desi'n of Waterflood )ro*ect
&oida'e (ontrol
+ &oida'e control involves monitorin' in*ection and ithdraal
volumes to ensure the correct in*ection is added to the
reservoir and at the !ro!er locations to maimi.e secondary
recovery
+ Where: Bo / 0il formation volume factor 2B3SlB4
5! / 0il !roduction at stoc tan conditions
W! / Water !roduction
6
2eservoir Withdraal s / W! 7 5!Bo
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Desi'n of Waterflood
&oida'e (ontrol
)ro*ect
+ If free 'as eists 8 is 9ein' !roduced:
Where: B'/ Gas formation volume factor
2(3S(4
Surface !roduced4 'as oil ratioS(3SlB04
Solution 'as oil ratio S(3SlB04
2! /
2s/
;
2eservoir Withdraal s / W! 7 5!Bo 75!2! - 2s4B'
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Desi'n of Waterflood )ro*ect
&oida'e (ontrol
+ In*ection Withdraal 2atio IW24 - commonly used
for monitorin' aterfloods
+ Monthly secondary recovery re!orts should alayscontain calculated IW2 for each !attern
+ (alculated 9y dividin' effective in*ection 9yreservoir ithdraals:
2eservoir Withdraals
uals ithdraals, IW2 / 1?#
+ IW2 ill vary durin' the aterflood life
- Durin' re!ressurin' early in the life of aterflood, IW2
ill 9e hi'h 9ecause reservoir !ressure islo 8 ithdraals have not started increasin'
- After fill-u! is reached 8 aterflood is a!!roachin'steady-state, IW2 ill decrease 8 a!!roach 1?#
- If IW2 dro!s to 9elo 1?#, total fluid volume ill 9e'into decrease 8 corrective actions should 9e taen
$
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Desi'n of Waterflood )ro*ect
&oida'e Data Sources
+ " useful !lots are avera'e reservoir !ressure
versus time and avera'e reservoir !ressure versuscumulative oil
+ 5ote the !ressure chan'e in the late 1@#s after a fore destroyed
in*ection facilities
field
+ lhe effect on reservoir re!ressurin' as si'nificant, 9ut ould have 9een
difficult to monitor ithout this avera'e reservoir !ressure curve
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Desi'n of Waterflood )ro*ect
)attern &oida'e
+ )attern allocation usually
uses a !attern allocation
factor calculated usin'
an'le 9eteen in*ection
ell 8 to ad*acent offset
in*ection ells in
the !attern
or interior !atterns, divide
this an'le 9y 6$#o to o9tain
factoractors are sometimes
ad*usted ei'hted4 for
reservoir !ay volumes
+
+
C
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&oida'e (alculation
=am!le )ro9lem 1?$-1
A small aterflood is !roducin' 1$,
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)attern &oida'e (alculation
=am!le )ro9lem 1?$-"
A mature
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&oida'e (alculation
=am!le
A small
BW)D?
)ro9lem
aterflood
The ater
1?$-1
is !roducin' 1$,
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)attern &oida'e (alculation
=am!le )ro9lem 1?$-"
A mature
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Desi'n of Waterflood )ro*ect
&oida'e Ma!!in'
)attern &oida'e Ma!
+ lo vie 'ra!hically the !attern voida'e across a field or
reservoir, a colored !attern ma! is sometimes used
+ )atterns are classified as over 9alanced, under
9alanced, or 9alanced 9ased on in*ectionithdraal ratios
16
Ender Balanced
0ver Balanced
Balanced
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Desi'n of Waterflood )ro*ect
&oida'e Ma!!in'
)attern &oida'e Bu99le Ma!+ Eseful !attern voida'e tool
- (reates 9u99les shoin' !ositive 8 ne'ative voida'e 9y !atterns
- )ositive 8 ne'ative voida'es have different colors
- =ither diameter or area of 9u99le are !ro!ortional to
a9solute value of voida'e or IW2
1;
Ender Balanced
0ver Balanced
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Desi'n of Waterflood )ro*ect
Ste! for Esin' &oida'e Ma!+ Set routine schedule for evaluatin' !attern voida'e !erformance
+ Define o!timum data needed 8 most effective 'ra!hical !resentation
+ =sta9lish 9aseline of !attern !erformance:
- What is ty!ical for !atterns in this reservoirF
- What is ty!ical for each !attern throu'h timeF
+ =valuate current !attern voida'e data:
- (lues from 'eneral !attern voida'e trends
- 2elative ma'nitude of voida'e anomalies
+ Identify anomalies
+ Determine if voida'e anomalies are si'nificant
+ Determine conclusions a9out !attern voida'e:
- Is calculated !attern voida'e validF
- as it 9een occurrin' for some timeF
- Is it si'nificantF
- What are !ossi9le root causesF
+ Identify ells hich may 9e contri9utin' to !attern voida'e anomaly
+ Identify o!tions
(h $ -11
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