Environmental Planning Document
Initial Environmental Examination (IEE): Tranche II Sub-Projects in Koppal Town Document Stage: Final Project Number: 38254-01 May 2011
India: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program(NKUSIP)
The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.
NKUSIP (Package IV – Bellary) Tranche II Sub Projects in Koppal Town
KUIDFC 2 Span & Voyants
Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance
Corporation
Government of Karnataka
North Karnataka Urban Sector
Investment Program
Package IV - Bellary
Tranche II Sub-Projects in Koppal Town
Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)
December 2009
Span Consultants Pvt. Ltd
In Association with
Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd
(Formerly M/s. Ramky Infra Consulting Pvt. Ltd).
NKUSIP (Package IV – Bellary) Tranche II Sub Projects in Koppal Town
KUIDFC 3 Span & Voyants
Currency Equivalent
Currency Unit - Indian Rupee/s (Re/Rs) Re. 1.00 = US$ 0.022 US$ 1.00 = Rs. 45
Abbreviations
ADB : Asian Development Bank ASP : Activated Sludge Process BM : Bituminous Macadam DoEEF : Department of Ecology, Environment
Forests EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMP : Environmental Management Plan EP Act : Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 GoI : Government of India GoK : Government of Karnataka GSB : Granular Sub-base IEE : Initial Environmental Examination KSPCB : Karnataka State Pollution Control Board MLD : Million Litre per Day MoEF : Ministry of Environment and Forests MSL : Mean Sea Level MSS : Mix Seal Surface NKUSIP : North Karnataka Urban Sector Project NOC : No Objection Certificate NOx : Oxides of Nitrogen OM : Operations Manual PCC : Profile Concrete Course PWD : Public Works Department SOx : Oxides of Sulphur STP : Sewage Treatment Plant RSPM : Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter TSPM : Total Suspended Particulate Matter WMM : Wet Mix Macadam WRDO : Water Resource Development Organization
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CONTENTS CHAPTER – I: INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................... 6
1.1. Overview .........................................................................................................................................................6
1.2. Environmental Regulatory Compliance ........................................................................................................6
1.3. Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination ............................................................................................7
1.4. Scope of IEE ...................................................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER – II: DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS ...........................9
2.1. KUSIP Goal....................................................................................................................................................9
2.2 Need for Infrastructure Improvement in Koppal ........................................................................................11
2.2.1 Karnataka – Health Status ............................................................................................................................11
2.2.2 Slum & Poverty Alleviation …………………………………………...………………………………..12
2.3 Sub-project Component Description............................................................................................................16
2.3.1 Slum improvement………………………………………………………………………..…………………16
2.4. Investment Program Implementation Schedule ...........................................................................................21
2.5. Investment Program Benefits ........................................................................................................................21
2.5.1 Slum & Poverty alleviation …………………………………………………………………….….22
2.6 Investment Program Alternatives..................................................................................................................22
CHAPTER – III: DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...........................................................................23
3.1. Environmental Profile of Koppal ..................................................................................................................23
3.1.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................23
3.1.2 Physiography ..................................................................................................................................................23
3.1.3 Seismology .....................................................................................................................................................23
3.1.4 Climatic Conditions .......................................................................................................................................2 3
3.1.5 Demography………………………………………………………………………………………….25
3.1.6 Population density ……………………………………………………………………………………25
3.1.7 Sex ratio………………………………………………………………………………………………26
3.1.8 Household size……………………………………………………………………………………….26
3.1.9 Literacy rate………………………………………………………………………………………….26
3.1.10 Air Qual i ty……………………………………………………………… . .……………………..26
3 .1 .11 F lora & Fauna…………………………………………………………… ………………………26
3 .1 .12 His tor ic & Cul tura l p laces……………………………………………… …………………….27
CHAPTER – IV: SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND
MITIGATION MEASURES……….............................................................................................28
CHAPTER – V: INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN
5.1. Institutional Requirements ...........................................................................................................................48
5 . 2 I n s t i t u t i o n a l s t r e n g t h e n i n g … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 4 9
5 . 2 . 1 O r g a n i s a t i o n & S t a f f i n g … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . . 4 9
5 . 2 . 2 M o n i t o r i n g & R e p o r t i n g P r o c e d u r e … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . . 5 0
5 . 2 . 3 R e c o r d k e e p i n g … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . . 5 0
5 . 3 E n v i r o n me n t a l M o n i t o r i n g P r o g r a m… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . 5 0
5 . 3 . 1 R e h a b i l i t a t i o n & R e s e t t l e m e n t P r o g r a m… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . . 5 1
5 . 3 . 2 A f f o r e s t a t i o n … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 5 1
5 . 3 . 3 S o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . . . 5 1
5 . 3 . 4 B o r r o w a r e a c o n s e r v a t i o n … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 5 1
5.3 Training Needs ...............................................................................................................................................54
5.4 Environmental Monitoring Plans ...................................................................................................................55
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CHAPTER – VI: PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE………………………62
6.1. Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................................................62
CHAPTER – VII: Finding and Recommendation……………………………………………………...64 7.1. Findings .........................................................................................................................................................64 7.2. Recommendations ..........................................................................................................................................65
CHAPTER – VIII: CONCLUSIONS..………………………………………………………………………………66
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TABLES:
Table: 1 Water Borne / Related Diseases in Karnataka
Table: 2 Slum in Koppal
Table: 3 summary cost of slum up gradation
Table: 4 Mean Maximum Mean Minimum Temperature
Table: 5 Climatologically characteristic of Koppal
Table: 6 Decade Population Growth of Koppal Town
Table: 7 Decade wise population density
Table: 8 Screening of Impacts
Table: 9 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of slum- water supply system
Table: 10 Environmental impacts and Mitigation Measures of sewage and sanitation works
Table: 11 Environmental impacts and Mitigation Measures of Road up gradation
Table: 12 Environmental impacts and Mitigation Measures of Drainage up gradation.
Table: 13 Institutional roles & Responsibilities
Table: 14 Training Need
Table: 15 Environmental Monitoring Plan for water supply rehabilitation
Table: 16 Environmental Monitoring Plan for Drainage up gradation
Table: 17 Environmental Monitoring Plan for Road Up gradation
Table: 18 Public Comment & mitigation Measures
Table 19 Environmental Issues and Proposed Infrastructure Components
Maps
Map: 1 Location map of Koppal Town
Fig: 1 Photos of Existing Condition of Drain
Fig: 3 Photos of Public Consultation.
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CHAPTER - I
INTRODUCTION
1.1. Overview
1. The North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (NKUSIP) proposes to improve the
environmental quality of the urban areas through better urban infrastructure facilities and thus improve
living conditions of the urban people. In the wake of poor infrastructure facilities and services such as
water supply, sewerage and sanitation and solid waste management, the risk of infectious diseases
through exposure to unhealthy environment runs high, particularly in the case of urban poor. Hence, the
proposed Investment Program aims at minimizing or mitigating the risk and ensures the well-being of
people.
2 . Though the Investment Program aims to improve the environmental condition of urban areas, the
proposed improvements of infrastructure facilities may exert certain adverse impacts on the natural
environment. While developing urban infrastructure facilities, impacts during the construction stage are
expected to be more severe than impacts during the operation phase, though for a short duration.
Exceptions being some facilities such as solid waste landfill, sewage treatment plant, which may also
exert adverse impacts during the operation phase also, if due care is not taken. Again, most of the
impacts are activity- specific. However, if due care is taken during the construction phase, investment
Program negative impacts will be far outweighed by positive impacts
1.2 Environmental Regulatory Compliance
3. The components of NKUSIP includes slum infrastructure such as water supply, sewerage and
sanitation, solid waste management and road. Sub-components, which fall under the ambit of
environmental regulations and mandatory requirement, are indicated in the following Table
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Table 1.1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance of NKUSIP Components
Sub- Component Applicability of
Acts/Guidelines
Compliance Criteria
All sub-
components
The Environment Policy and
Operations Manual (OM) 20:
Environmental Assessment
Guidelines 2003
Environmental Considerations in
ADB Operation
Categorization of sub-project
components into A, B or C and
developing required level of
environmental assessment for each
component
4 The above table indicates that as far as GoI and GoK Acts/Guidelines are concerned, the proposed
Investment Programs do not need to go through environmental assessment process;. The ADB
guidelines, on the other hand, stipulate addressing environmental concerns, if any, of a proposed activity
in the initial stages of Investment Program preparation. For this, the ADB Guidelines categorizes the
proposed components into varies categories (A, B or C) to determine the level of environmental
assessment required to address the potential impacts. Level of environmental assessment required for
each category of Investment Program, as per ADB‟s Environmental Assessment Guidelines 2003 is
presented below.
(i) Category A. Sub-project components with potential for significant adverse environmental
impacts. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is required to address significant impacts.
(ii) Category B. Sub-project components judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but
of lesser degree and/or significance than those for Category A projects. An initial environmental
examination (IEE) is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA
are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report.
(iii) Category C. Sub-components unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or
IEE is required, although environmental implications are still reviewed.
1.3 Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination
5 The NKUIDFC Package IV – Bellary covers 25 sub-project towns. To fulfil the ADB‟s
environmental assessment requirement for sector loans, the environmental assessment of sample sub-
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project was carried out. Owing to the scale and nature of the proposed infrastructure components and
environmental profile of the NKUSIP area in general and the sample sub-project towns in particular,
prima facie almost all Investment Program components are unlikely to have adverse environmental
impacts.
6 Therefore, as per the ADB‟s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, the sub-project components
proposed in Koppal under NKUSIP are categorized as „B‟ and an initial environmental examination
(IEE) have been carried out.
1.4 Scope of IEE
7 The IEE was based mainly on secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance surveys;
no field monitoring (environmental) survey was conducted. Stakeholder consultation was an integral
part of the IEE.
1.5 Report Structure
1 This Report is framed with 8 Sections including this Introduction Chapter:
1. Introduction
2. Project Description
3. Enviromental Description
4. Screening of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
5. Institutional requirements and Environmental Monitoring Plans
6. Public consultation and Information Disclosure
7. Findings and Recommendations
8. Conclusions
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CHAPTER – II
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS
2.1 NKUSIP Investment Program Goal
8 The North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (NKUSIP) will finance investment for
(i) Environmental Sanitation Infrastructure; (ii) Water supply Infrastructure; (iii) Urban Roads
Improvement; (iv) Poverty Alleviation; (v) Non- Municipal Infrastructure; (vi) Institutional
Development; and (vii) Investment Program Assistance. The overall development goal of the
NKUSIP is to facilitate economic growth in the towns of North Karnataka and bring about urban
development through equitable distribution of urban basic services to the citizens that are
environmentally sound and operationally sustainable. The development purpose is designed to assist
Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to “promote good urban management, and develop and expand urban
infrastructure to increase economic opportunities and to reduce vulnerability to environmental
degradation and urban poverty”.
9 Thus the Investment Program goal is to facilitate economic growth in the towns/cities of North
Karnataka and bring about urban development though equitable distribution of urban basic services
to the citizens that is environmentally sound and operationally sustainable. The following are the
urban infrastructure components proposed under the NKUSIP.
(i) Urban Drainage;
(ii) Poverty Alleviation; and,
(iii) Non-Municipal Infrastructure (including Fire Services, Lake
Development, Tourism, etc.)
2.2 Project location
Koppal town is one of the important and rapidly growing towns in Koppal district and is the second largest
town in the district. It is located at a distance of 370 km away from the State Capital Bangalore. Koppal
town is a District Head Quarter. Koppal City Municipal Council has its jurisdiction over an area of 28.78
sq. km, housing a population of 56,145 within 31 wards. It is an important commercial centre. Its main
economic base is agriculture due to better irrigation facilities under Tungabhadra project. The town has
high growth potential due to its geographical location and historical background.
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Koppal is situated at the foot of the rock, the latter being crowned by a fort. There is another range of hills
to the west, the highest spur of which called Pallkkigudda of RL + 712.9 Mt in height. One more spur on
the east is called Gavimatha, which is about 50 mt above the surrounding land. Third spur to the south is
603.5 Mt above seal level and is called Bahaddurbandi. The fort rock is in the middle. The Gavimath spur
contains four caves and a modern temple with Lingayat Gurus. There are Jaina Samadhis opposite to one of
these caves. The entire hill commands a beautiful view.
This city also occupies place as one of the steel industrial centres, administrative centre and trade centre of
the state. The geography of the city includes Tungabhadra Dam within 35 Km from the town. Mega steel
plants (Kalyani, Mukund & Hospet Steel Plants), are located at distance of 12 Km from the town and
Kirloskar Ferrous Industry is located at a distance of 13 Km from town. Intensive mining activities are
carried out in the area. The part of agricultural development to the town is extensive due to the presence of
the Tungabhadra Dam.
In addition to this, many small scale steel industries exist in and around the town. World Heritage
(UNESCO) place Anegundi is situated about 20 Km from the town. The location map of Koppal is
presented in MAP 2.1 & 2.2.
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Maps 2.1: Aerial view of Koppal Town
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Maps 2.2 Location of Koppal Town in Karnataka State Map
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2.3 Need for Infrastructure Improvement in Koppal
9. Koppal town is one of the important and rapidly growing towns in Koppal district and is the second
largest town in district. The town has high growth potential due to its geographical location and historical
background. it is an important commercial centre the city has occupies place as one of the steel industries
centres, administrative centre and trade centre of the state.
10. Population in the city is on growing. Providing basic amenities to ensure high level of performance in
environmental safe guard is quite necessary to ensure long term urban sustainability. A study conducted by
Department of Forest , Ecology & Environment, Government of Karnataka, 2003 has shown that the cities
in the state of Karnataka has poor environmental performance due to lagging in ensuring basic
infrastructure facilities to the urban population.
2.3.1 Karnataka – Health Status
11. Lack of safe and adequate water supply and sanitation facilities leads unhealthy environment
which results in the risk of infectious diseases particularly in urban areas. Report which was generated
by The State of Environment Report (SOER), 2003, Karnataka, brings out the fact that the lack of
safe water supply and sanitation facilities is essentially leading to the health related consequences.
The following are important observations of the report.
Table 2.1 : Water borne/related Diseases in Karnataka
Year Gastroenteritis Cholera Leptospirosis Viral Hepatitis Typhoid
1991 17,455 691 747 16 - - 659 17 - -
1992 15,262 608 402 14 - - 282 17 - - 1993 16,206 855 424 13 - - 678 7 26,047 1 1994 15,932 325 304 10 - - 382 0 20,349 0 1995 18,645 396 532 38 - - 7,146 1 10,250 0 1996 22,983 377 657 6 - - 1,332 6 22,221 12 1997 23,665 361 714 10 67 2 1,714 4 3,880 5 1998 23,881 501 434 2 1 0 3,824 2 2,435 0 1999 17,743 126 134 3 54 2 4,792 2 24,356 1 2000 31,132 265 354 3 3 1 3,011 10 27,210 0 2001 23,893 198 342 1 68 7 5,438 28 33,346 6 2002 25,218 146 384 0 27 0 4,578 15 42,936 2
Source: SOER 2003
12. Hence, it is evident that the lack of safe water supply and sanitation facilities in the State
adversely affects health condition of the Population. The following section details the status of water
supply, sanitation and other basic infrastructure facilities in Koppal.
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Slum Improvement
Table 2.2 : Sub projects components under Tranche – II
SI. No. Infrastructure Description Location
Components to be built under Tranche II
2 Slums Improvements in water supply line,
Sewerage system, Roads, Drains,
etc.
Koppal CMC
2.3.2 Existing Infrastructure Facilities in Koppal town
Slum and poverty Alleviation
13. The study of slums in Koppal is made to assess the extent of the access to basic services. It includes
identification of the level of services in slums, opportunity cost incurred by households, mechanisms to
overcome the shortfall in service and affordability and determination to pay for improved services. The
study was made to assess the socio-economic profile, access to basic services and identification of the
priority for providing basic services. In Koppal, there are 16 declared slums and 3 identified slums. The
total population in declared slums is 17422 and 1104 in identified slums accounting for about 27.81% of
the total population of town. Details of declared and identified slums along with the area and resident
population are given in the table below:
Table 2.3: Slums in Koppal
Sl No Name of Slum Area in acres Population Households
I Declared
1 Pailwangalli 6.24 1300 250
2 Devaraj Urs colony 11 1661 283
3 Harijanawada 3.2 854 144
4 Sardar Galli 1.1 249 44
5 Sajji hola 7.25 1622 362
6 Gandhinagara 4.35 2010 400
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Sl No Name of Slum Area in acres Population Households
7 Koravara Oni 2.02 1680 225
8 Mochi wada 1.35 980 194
9 Srishail nagar 4 1208 200
10 Vaddarwada 2 279 46
11 Kallannanavara oni 2 1000 200
12 Veshagarar Oni
(Hirejanthakal) 2.22 269 54
13 Patangalli - 480 52
14 Diddy oni - 380 59
15 Hamalar sangh - 2900 480
16 Sy. No. 88 - 550 92
Sub Total 17422 3085
II Identified
17 Baharpete - 285 44
18 Hatagar oni - 454 71
19 Gowriangal - 365 58
Sub Total 1104 173
Total 18,526 3258
Source: DPR (Detail Project report)
14. The physical environment in terms of housing conditions, availability of basic services etc determines
the productivity and consequently the quality of life in urban areas. Majority of the people living in
slums do suffer from deprivation especially in basic services and amenities.
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I) Water Supply
Present condition: Water service connection and stand posts are found more in Koppal slums. 85% of
the households are served by stand posts. The remaining 10% households have house service connection
in addition to bore/open well access. All the households with HSC supply have unmetered connections.
Households indicating multiple sources of water use both the sources for drinking and washing purposes
and there is no selective use of different sources.
Key Issues.
(i) Unreliable water supply in terms of supply, duration and quantity supplied.
(ii) Defunct water supply network in some slums,
(iii) Problems of water pressure and quality.
(iv)Lack of access or less secure access to alternate sources during water shortage periods,
(v) Unmetered supply of water, which renders determination of actual water consumption (and thereby
demand) and cost recovery for water supplied by the CMC difficult and vi) Problems of water
contamination (mud mixed water)
II) Sewerage and Sanitation
In the Koppal town, there is no UGD system. Only 35% of the slum households have indicated access to
safe sanitation and have individual low cost sanitation facility. The remaining 65% households practice
open defecation in the absence of any sanitation facilities. Wastewater is generally disposed into roadside
drains by all slum households. The condition of roadside drains is very bad; as a result the waste water
overflows on to the roads. None of the households indicated satisfaction with current levels of service.
Stagnation of wastewater and prevalence of mosquitoes are common problems in many slums.
Key Issues
Inadequate sanitation facilities leading to the practice of open defecation,
Blocking of roadside/storm drains due to disposal of solid waste and night soil in the drains,
Health, hygiene and environmental implications due to the absence of safe disposal system,
Inability of the poorest households to bear capital costs, which will have implications for tariff
and subsidy design.
and
No safe sanitation facility
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III) Solid Waste Management
There is no regular clearing of solid waste by CMC, creating an unhygienic environment. Seventy percent
of the surveyed households indicated irregular collection of waste from the disposal site with frequency
ranging from once a week to once in two weeks. It indicates very poor coverage of solid waste
management system in Koppal slums. Only 14% of households have access to dustbin facilities.
Remaining households were found to have lack of access to dustbins for solid waste disposal.
Key Issues.
Inadequate dustbin facility in slums,
No regular collection of disposed solid waste,
Blocking of roadside drains, improper disposal and irregular collection, health
and
Hygiene implications, animal nuisance, and implications on the surrounding environment.
IV) Roads and Drainage
18. Majority of the slums are located along the roads. Consequently, slums along main roads have black
topped road access while others have earthen/macadam/concrete road access. For about 80 % of the
approach roads width is 3.5 to 7.50m, while for the remaining 20% road width is between 3.5 to 5m. The
drains are generally unlined and open, clogged with kitchen waste and solid waste. It results in flooding
of the slums during monsoons.
Key Issues.
(i) Poor condition of approach roads due to lack of regular maintenance,
(ii) Lack of roadside drains, and if present, improper management,
and
(iii) Blocking of roadside drains due to disposal of solid waste and night soil.
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Figure: 2.1 Photos of Existing Condition of Drain.
Proposed Improvement in Basic Infrastructures Of Koppal Town
2.4 Sub-project Component Description
2.4.1 Slum Improvement
19. Koppal town is not covered under the Nirmal Jyothi Scheme of Government of Karnataka, which
provides service infrastructure for water supply, sanitation, drainage, roads etc. in slums. Hence, under
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North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Programme (NKUSIP), it is proposed to provide basic
infrastructure services in slums of Koppal town. Karnataka Slum Clearance Board (KSCB) will remain
the main authority for implementation of proposed interventions under NKUSIP.
Karnataka Slum Clearance Board (KSCB) could play a pivotal role in providing water supply, sewerage
system, proper access roads and internal roads to slums. In addition, cross drainage works will need to be
provided, particularly in areas facing chronic flooding.
Poverty Alleviation programme under NKUSIP
20. Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) is the nodal
executing agency (EA) responsible for implementing NKUSIP. KUIDFC is a fully owned GoK company
incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956. Karnataka Slum Clearance Board (KSCB); and Koppal
City Municipal Council will implement the poverty alleviation component.
21. Slum up-gradation costs in Koppal, based on available information on NJS and infrastructure
requirement identified under NKUIDP is as follows. The total investment for the up- gradation of slum
infrastructure in the project town is Rs. 330.80 lakhs.
Table: 2.4 Summary costs of Slum up gradation
Sl. No. Item Amount in lakhs
1 Water Supply 31
2 Sewerage system 44
3 Roads & Culverts 92
4 Storm Water Drains 68
5 Community Toilets 40
6 Street Lighting 3
7
Community development programmes
(a) Community development activities
(b) Information Education and
Communication activities
(c) CENA activities
52.80
Total 330.80 Source : DPR ( Detail Project report)
22. As per clip report funds allotted is Rs.278 lakhs for the components of roads and culvert, street
lighting, storm water drains, community latrines and Rs 52.80 lakhs for community development
programs.
23. The study of slums in Koppal is to assess the extent of access to basic services. It includes
identification of the level of services in slums, opportunity cost incurred by households, mechanisms to
overcome the shortfall in service and affordability and determination to pay for improved services. In-
formal study was taken to assess the socio-economic profile, access to basic services and identification of
the priority for providing for basic services.
After carrying out detailed survey works, the present project proposals have been formulated.
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2.4.2 PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE WORKS IN SLUMS:
24. A high level meeting was held on 30rth March‟09 with the Officers of the Karnataka Slum Clearance
Board for discussing and obtaining the Board approval to the Concept report prepared and submitted.
During the meeting it was decided that instead of utilizing the funds available in small amounts in all the
slums, it is advisable to concentrate in a few identified slums. In order to utilize the funds now available
under NKUSIP in an effective manner and avoid stretching of the resources it has been decided to
undertake works in needy slums, mutually agreed, and make the infrastructure there the most satisfactory.
Based on this works are only being proposed in 5 slums out of 19 no of slums in Koppal.
25. KSCB has identified 5 slums for up-gradation of basic infrastructure such as water supply, roads
storm water drains ,stand post and sodium vapour lamps etc, under NKUSIP.
I) Devaraj Uras Colony
26. This slum is situated in ward no 30 in the central portion of the town, having population of 1661
spreading over an area of 11 acres. In order to improve the infrastructure the following components have
been considered in the preparation of DPR.
1) Concrete roads; Cement concrete roads are proposed where ever mud roads exist with varying width
from 3.5m to 4.5mts for a length of 1098 mts so as to maintain uniformity over entire slum.
2) Storm water drains; two different sections of CC drains are proposed on both sides of road, based on
catchments and to drain storm water effectively from low lying area. It is proposed to construct drains for
a length of 1000 mts
3) Water supply; There is piped water supply system existing but covering only part of the slum area.
Most of the dwellers fetch water from stand posts with single tap without proper platform. Hence it is
proposed to install 10 no of public stand posts.
4 )Street lights; As there is no proper illumination in the interiors of the slum, it is proposed 15 no. solar
lights
II) Sajji hola:
The slum is situated in ward no 13 in central town having population of 1622 and spreading over an area
of 7.25 acres. In order to improve the infrastructure in addition to the existing, the following components
have been considered in the preparation of DPR.
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1) Concrete roads; Cement concrete roads are proposed where ever mud roads exists with varying width
from 3.5m to 4.5mts for a length of 1112 mts so as to maintain uniformity over entire slum.
2) Storm water drains: Two different sections of CC drains are proposed on both sides of road, based on
catchments and road width, in order to drain storm water effectively from low lying area and finally
connecting to the main storm channel passing near by. It is proposed to construct drains for a length of
899 mts
3) Water supply: There is piped water supply system existing and covering a part of the area. Most of
the dwellers fetch water from stand posts with single tap without proper platform. The pipe line is not
covering the entire area, so it proposed to lay pipes for distribution for a length of 500mts in the area
including replacement of old and damaged pipes along with 10 nos of public stand posts.
4) Street lights; As there is no proper illumination in the slum, it is proposed 15 no. solar lights
III) Harijanawada
27. This slum is situated in ward no 12 & is to the south of the town having population of 854 and
spreading over an area of 3.20 acres. To improve the infrastructure the following components have been
considered in the preparation of DPR
1) concrete roads; Cement concrete roads are proposed where ever mud roads exists with varying width
from 3.5m to 4.5mts for a length of 408 mts.
2) storm water drains,; V shape section of CC drains are proposed on both sides of road, based on
catchments and road width in order to drain storm water effectively from low lying area of the slum and
drain the storm water to the main storm channel near by. It is proposed to construct drains for a length of
508 mts.
3) Water supply; There is piped water supply system existing and covering part of the area. Most of the
dwellers fetch water from stand posts with single tap without proper platform and so it proposed to install
5 no of public stand posts.
4 )Street lights; As there is no proper illumination in the slum, it is proposed 5 no. solar lights
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IV) Koravar Oni
28. This slum is situated in ward no 14 in central portion of town having population of 1680 spreading
over an area of 2.02 acres. In order to improve infrastructure in addition to the existing facilities the
following components have been considered in the preparation of DPR.
1) Concrete roads; Cement concrete roads are proposed, where ever mud roads exist, with varying width
from 3.5m to 4.5mts for a length of 105 mts so as to maintain uniformity over entire slum
2) Storm water drains; t
wo different sections of CC drains are proposed on both sides of road, based on catchments and road
width in order to drain storm water effectively from low lying area and finally connect to the main storm
channel near by. It is proposed to construct drains for a length of 108 mts.
3) Water supply: There is piped water supply system existing, covering part of the area. Most of the
dwellers fetch water from stand posts with single tap without proper platform. Also the pipe line is not
covering the entire area, so it proposed to lay pipes for distribution for a length of 150 mts in the area,
including replacement of old and damaged pipes along with 2 no of public stand posts.
4) Street lights; as there is no proper illumination in interior of the slum, it is proposed 6 no. solar lights
V) Vaddervada
29. This slum is situated in ward no 4 & to south of the town having population of 279 spreading over an
area of 2 acres. In order to improve infrastructure the following components have been considered in the
preparation of DPR.
1) concrete roads; Cement concrete roads are proposed where ever mud roads exists with varying width
from 3.5m to 4.5mts for a length of 90 mts so as to maintain uniformity over entire slum
2) storm water drains,; V shape section of CC drains are proposed on both sides of road, based on
catchments and road width, in order to drain of storm water effectively from low lying area through lead
drain and finally connecting to the main storm channel passing near by. It is proposed to construct drains
for a length of 140 mts.
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3) Water supply: There is piped water supply system existing but covering part of the area. Most of the
dwellers fetch water from stand posts with single tap without proper platform, so it is proposed to provide
3 no of public stand posts.
4) Street lights; as there is no proper illumination in the slum, it is proposed 6 no. solar lights
2.5 Investment Program Implementation Schedule
30 The Investment Program is to be implemented over a six-year period, commencing in FY 2009-
10 and civil works construction starting in FY 2009-10. Comple t ion i s scheduled by end FY
2015-16
2.6 Investment Program Benefits
31. In view of the lack of basic infrastructure facilities and its adverse impacts on the environment and
also on socio-economic characteristics, the proposed Investment Program aims at providing
infrastructure facilities such as adequate and safe water supply and sanitation facilities, to overcome
negative environmental impacts. Investment Program benefits and beneficiaries in the Koppal are
provided below.
2.7 Investment Program Alternatives
The environmental suitability of the proposed components are judged through the selected location and
proposed process/technology during both the construction and operation phases. The interaction and
the level of interference with the surrounding land use determine the environmental sustainability of
the Investment Program components. However, the components proposed under NKUSIP are basic
urban infrastructure services, most of which are location fixed providing scope for alternatives only in
terms of technology, which again are limited. The following table shows environmental suitability of
the selected alternatives.
Table 2.5 Investment Program Alternatives
Sub-
Component
Suitability of Selected Alternative
Storm water
drainage
Proposed RCC dra in o f l ength 5000m for Area town dra in
which runs a t var ious loca t ions wi th in the CMC l imi t o f the
town . However, the best alternative of gravity flow system is retained.
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Sub-
Component
Suitability of Selected Alternative
Roads up
gradation
Roads considered for improvement are selected based on the traffic and its
importance in connectivity and environmental and social issues involved.
No acquisition of land/structure is involved in the road improvement. It
involves no tree cutting. The width of road widening is proposed based on
the availability of width of the road and it is proposed that the total road
width will be varied to accommodate within the available width.
Slum
Improvements
in Area there has 26 declared and one undeclared slum. out of which these
slum only 9 slum has to be selected for improvement based on urgent need
and execute works so as to attain maximum utility.
Source: DPR (Detail project Report)
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CHAPTER - III
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 Environmental Profile of Koppal
3.1.1 Introduction
35. Koppal town is one of the important and rapidly growing towns in Koppal district and it is the second
largest town in the district. It is located at a distance of 370 km away from the State Capital Bangalore.
Koppal town is a district Head Quarter. Koppal City Municipal Council has its jurisdiction up to an area of
28.78 sq. km, housing a population of 56,145 within 31 wards. It is an important commercial centre. Its
main economic base is agriculture due to better irrigation facilities under Tungabhadra project. The town
has high growth potential due to its geographical location and historical background.
3.1.2 Physiography
36. Topography The town is situated on gentle ground slope towards the south. A hillock abuts the town on
all along western side and stretches for a considerable length on southern side also. The surface stratum of
the town is composed of murrum soil mixed with granite boulders out cropping at several places.
3.1.3 Seismology
37. As per the seismic zoning map of India, the Koppal town falls under the Zone II, which is the lowest
earth quake risk zone in India. This zone is termed as “low damage risk zone”.
3.1.4 Climatic Conditions
38. The climate of the town is generally dry. The average annual rainfall is 715 mm and the maximum
temperature is 41.1° C and with a minimum temperature of 17.7° C. The summer season starts in the
middle of the February and continues up to the first week of June. The southwest monsoon season follows
there after and stretches up to the end of September. October and November constitutes the post monsoon
season. The period from December to the middle of February is the cold season. The district on the whole
has a dry climate with the period from November to May being the driest part of the year.
\
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Table 3.1: Mean Maximum and Mean Minimum Temperature (in o C)
Month Long term normal (30 Years) – Mean 2004 (Actual) – Mean Daily Max Daily Min Highest in a
month Lowest in a
month Max
daily Min
Daily Jan 31.7 20.3 31.4 14.2 31.4 16.9 Feb 33.6 19.6 35.7 15.9 35.9 19.2 Mar 35.4 22.3 37.8 18.1 39.7 21.8
April 38.8 23.5 41.4 21.8 39.5 26.0 May 39.1 25.8 41.1 21.6 37.3 24.9 June 34.7 25.2 36.4.
0 20.4 34.5 24.5
July 35.3 24.4 34.7 21.9 33.5 23.7 Aug 31.3 22.5 34.0 20.7 31.7 24.3 Sep 30.7 23.0 33.9 19.6 32.2 21.5 Oct 30.5 22.3 33.00 19.4 32.1 22.3
Nov 30.2 20.6 32.7 18.2 -- -- Dec 29.7 17.2 31.9 14.4 -- --
Source: Meteorological Centre, Bangalore
Table 3.2: Climatological Characteristics of Koppal
Month Long term normal (30 Years) – Mean 2004 – Actual
RH Max RH Min Wind
Speed Total
Rainfall Mean RH
0830 Hrs Mean RH
1730 Hrs Total
Rainfall % % Kmph Mm % % Mm
Jan 72 38 4.9 0.4 69 39 0.0 Feb 60 31 5.6 0.7 53 31 0.0 Mar 53 27 5.9 3.3 48 25 0.0
April 56 30 6.7 25.4 57 35 71.0 May 64 37 10.3 63 71 47 34.0 June 71 53 13.4 52.2 70 53 40.0 July 76 62 14.1 55.6 71 55 1.8 Aug 76 61 13.5 50.7 67 54 0.7 Sep 77 57 11.1 124.4 77 61 60.0 Oct 75 56 5.6 109.8 77 63 5.0
Nov 72 50 4.8 30 -- -- -- Dec 74 45 4.4 13.7 -- -- --
Source: Meteorological Centre, Bangalore
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3.1.5. Demography
39. Population: Koppal population has grown tremendously from 44,602 in 1991 to 56,145 in 2001. The
highest and lowest population growth rates recorded were 3.42 percent during 1931-1941 and 0.83 percent
during 1921- 1931.
Table: 3.3 Details of decadal population growth
Year Population Compound Annual Growth Rate %
1901 8903
1911 7558 -1.62
1921 9187 1.97
1931 9979 0.83
1941 13970 3.42
1951 17314 2.17
1961 19744 1.32
1971 27277 3.28
1981 35975 2.81
1991 44602 2.17
2001 56145 2.33
Source: DPR (Detail Project Report
3.1.6 Population Density
40. The population density for Koppal town is 1,951 persons per sq. km. at present. This is shows a decline
in density from 2,954 persons per sq. km. in 1991. This is due to an increase in town area from 15.1 sq. km
to 28.78 sq. km. The town has new extensions namely B.T. Patel Nagar, Kalyananagar, Sathyadanapura,
Gandhinagar, Janata Colony and Gavisiddeshwara temple area.
The following table shows decade wise population density.
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Table 3.4 Decade wise population density.
Year Population Area Density Density Variation
Sq. Km Persons/sq. Km % Growth
1991 44,602 15.10 2,954 -
2001 56,145 28.78 1,951 (-)33.95
Source: DPR (Detail Project Report)
3.1.7. Sex Ratio: The current sex ratio (female population per 1,000 male populations) in Koppal town is
958, which is lower than the district figure of 978 but higher than the state urban average of 940.
3.1.8. Household Size: In Koppal town there were about 7,420 houses in 1991. Presently, the number of
housing units amount to 9,636 in 2001. The household size for Koppal town is 5.8, which is lower than the
national average household size of 6.3 (Census 2001).
3.1.9Literacy rate: In 2001, the literacy rate (percent of literate population to the total population above six
years of age) in the town was 71.61 percent. The literacy rate in Koppal town is higher than that of the
district as a whole (55.02 percent) and a slightly higher than the state urban average of 71.4 percent. The
male and female literacy rate was 80.41 percent and 62.44 percent, respectively.
3.1.10 Air Quality
41. Koppal is known for a one of the mineral rich town in Bellary district. There are several mining and
industrial activity carried out in and around the Koppal town which result in emission of air pollutant in the
atmosphere in quantity well within the permissible limit prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board.
The data collected for Bellary district from Central Pollution Control Board website shows total suspended
particulate matter is in the range of 130.44 to 140.22 microgram per cum metre.
3.1.11 Flora and Fauna
4 2 . There are no forest areas in and around the town and there are no sensitive environmental features
such as National Parks, Wetlands, and Biosphere Reserves in the Bellary District. No endangered/protected
species of either flora or fauna are found in the town and their surroundings.
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3.1.12 Historic and Cultural Places
43. Koppal District has an eventful history beginning from the days of Mauryan King Ashoka. At the end
of 10th century Koppal appears to have become the capital of a branch of the “Silahara” family. Gangas,
who were Jains, also seem to have contributed a great deal to enhance the reputation of this place as a Jaina
centre. The fort at Koppal is an important object of historical interest. It was acquired by Tipu Sultan in
1786 A.D. from Paleagar and rebuilt into one of the strongest fort with the help of French engineers. In
1790, the British and the Nizam besieged it. In 1858, Bhima Rao Nadagouda also besieged the fort. Until
1949, it was the chief town of the Jagir of Nawab Salarjung, which consisted of the Koppal and Yelburga
talukas.
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Chapter - IV
SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND
MITIGATION MEASURES
4 4 . Potential environmental impacts of the proposed infrastructure components are presented in this
section. Mitigation measures to minimize/mitigate negative impacts, if any, are recommended along with
the agency responsible for implementation. Monitoring actions to be conducted during the implementation
phase is also recommended to reduce the impact.
45. Screening of potential environmental impacts is categorized into four categories considering
Investment Program phases: location impacts and design impacts (pre construction phase), construction
phase impacts and operations and maintenance phase impacts.
(i) Location impacts include impacts associated with site selection, and include loss of on-site biophysical
array and encroachment either directly or indirectly on adjacent environments. It also includes impacts on
people who will lose their livelihood or any other structures by the development of that site.
(ii) Design impacts include impacts arising from project design, including technology used, scale of
operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services.
(iii) Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery, vehicles and
workers. Construction site impacts include erosion, dust, noise, traffic congestion and waste production.
(iv) O & M impacts include impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of the
infrastructure facility. These include routine management of operational waste streams, and occupational
health and safety issues.
46. Screening of environmental impacts has been based on the impact magnitude
(negligible/moderate/severe – in the order of increasing degree) and impact duration (temporary/permanent).
Table -8 shows the screening of impacts; N/T represents the lowest impact while S/P represents the highest
impact. Numerator represents the Degree of Impact and denominator represents the Duration of impact.
Table 4.1: Screening of Impacts -
Duration of Impact Magnitude (Degree of Impact)
Negligible(N) Moderate(M) Severe(S) Temporary(T) N/T M/T S/T Permanent (P) N/P M/P S/P
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Table 4.2: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Slums – Water Supply system
Impact Description Significance of the Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation
Responsibility
Preliminary
Costing Location and Design impacts
Water use conflict may occur with
downstream users. Particularly in
dry season month.
MP
Identify and consult all downstream
users‟ sufficient water for them to
continue existing water dependent
activities. Negotiate agreements with
user and the appropriate regulatory
agencies and establish controls to
ensure that water is not abstracted of
agreed volumes. Also, road side water
tank (syntax tank) shall be provided to
have continuous water supply.
ULB
Part of O & M
cost.
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Impact Description Significance of the Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation
Responsibility
Preliminary
Costing
The increase in water supply will
increase waste water levels.
Increased waste water caused by
the increased in water supply
Since the location of rehabilitation
work will be at existing facilities,
and the existing environment is a
built environment, no design-
specific impacts are envisaged
MP
MP
N/a
Improved sanitation facilities to
accommodate increase in water use
including twin latrines, public toilets
etc.,
Improved sanitation system to
accommodate increased water supply
including new toilets, septic tank,
cleaning services and sludge drying
beds.
N/a
ULB
ULB
N/a
Part of O & M
cost.
Part of O & M
cost.
N/a
Construction Impacts
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Impact Description Significance of the Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation
Responsibility
Preliminary
Costing Impacts to livelihood
Road blocking due to laying of
water supply network and
increased traffic flow due to
vehicle movement for construction
activities; inconvenience
to the local community.
M/T
The laying of water line will
disturb the day to day activities of
public such as shops, residence and
also leads to un safety condition to
them.
N/T
Proposed network will be laid in
the presently un-served fringe
and extension areas. As these
areas are not densely populated
impacts due to construction
activities may not be significant.
Will compensate any business loses as
per the Resettlement Framewor.
While laying water line through narrow
streets and thick commercial
establishments, the work will be
planned to complete in short duration
and care will be taken to avoid
excavation of the entire road stretch in
these areas.
Construction material shall be
stockpiled to minimize traffic
blockages.
Poor performance of the contractor
may potentially exacerbate these
impacts and therefore qualified
contractors to be appointed. The
contracted work includes the
implementation of construction site
management plan, which will address
these issues.
Head Contractor/ULB
Head Contractor/ULB
Preparation
and
implementation
of site
management
plan.
Part of
construction
costs
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Impact Description Significance of the Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation
Responsibility
Preliminary
Costing Dust and noise from construction
Activities.
Waste soil and imported sand may
create dust impacting air quality
People will be inconvenienced and
their health may be at risk if water
supply system is shut down for
long period
M/T
Due to dry climatic condition the
dust generation may be
Considerable. No major
noise generating activities
envisaged.
N/T
N/T
Frequent water sprinkling program
will undertake to suppress the dust.
Remove waste quickly, cover spray
stock piles, sprinkling of water to avoid
dust pollution, only bring sand ( for
backfill) to site when needed
Plan work program to keep shutdown
to minimum, provide alternative water
to affected residents inform
communities to any shutdown in
advance.
Head
Contractor/CMC
Head Contractor/ULB
Head contractor / CMC
Part of
construction
costs
Part of
construction
costs
Part of
construction
costs
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Impact Description Significance of the Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation
Responsibility
Preliminary
Costing Loss of forest trees and vegetation
Impact on topography and slope
stability
Disposal of excavated material
MT
MT
Avoid tree cutting to extend possible and
plant 25 sampling for every tree cut.
Construction activities to avoid steep
slopes and landside prone areas.
Excessive excavated materials to be
disposed at designated place.
Contractor
Contractor
Contractor
Part of
construction cost.
.Part of
construction cost.
Part of
construction cost.
Environmental impacts from
construction workers camp
MT
Where sites/camps are set up, the
contractor will see that proper sanitation (
toilets, solid waste management) systems
are in place: potable drinking water
provided: kerosene to be provided at
reduced rate for cooking: gambling, liquor
and illicit relationship banned, contractor
will be required ( as per his contract) to
ensure clean up of site back to original pre
project condition.
Contractor
Part of
construction cost.
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Trenching could damage other
infrastructure
Shops may lose income if
customers access is impeded
Traffic will be disrupted if lack of
space means that dug soil is placed
on road and or water pipes have to
be located in the road itself
Trucks removing waste could
disrupt traffic and vibration could
damage fragile building
People will be inconvenienced and
there health may be at risk if water
supply system is shut down for a
long period
MT
MT
MT
MT
MT
Confirm location of infrastructure to avoid
these sites.
Compensate business for lost income (as
per Resettlement framework). Leave
spaces for access between mounds of soil.
Private bridges to allow people & vehicles
to cross trench. Increase workforce in these
areas to finish work quickly, inform
shopkeepers of work in advance.
plan work with town authorities – work
when traffic is light, ensure police provide
traffic diversions when necessary. Increase
workforce to finish this work quickly
Plan routes to avoid narrow street,
congested road, important / fragile, key
religious & tourism sites. Plan work to
avoid peak traffic, main tourism season.
Plan work program to keep shut down to
minimum. Provide alternative water to
affected residents, inform communities of
any shut down in advance.
Contractor
Contractor
Contractor
Contractor
Contractor
Part of
construction cost.
Part of
construction cost.
Part of
construction cost.
Part of
construction cost
Part of
construction cost
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Sites of social / cultural importance
(school, hospitals, temples, tourism
sites) may be disturbed by noise,
dust vibration and impeded access
Workers and the public are at risk
from accidents on site .
Economic benefits if local people
are employed in contractor
workforce
Economic benefit if local people
are employed in contractor
workforce.
MT
MT
MP
SP
dentify building at risk from vibration
damage and avoid using pneumatic drills or
heavy vehicles nearby, remove waste
quickly , cover / spray stockpiles, import
sand only when needed, cover soil sand on
trucks, increase workforce to finish work
quickly. Use bridges to allow access (
peoples/ vehicles). Consult relevant
authorities, custodians of buildings, local
people to address issues and avoid work at
sensitive times. No construction at night
and early morning hours. Public to be
notified of any loud noise and vibration.
Prepare and implement a site Health and
Safety plan that include measures to :
Exclude the public from all construction
sites. Ensure that workers use personal
protective equipment. Provide Health &
Safety training for all personnel: follow
documented procedures for all site
activities: and keep accident reports and
records.
Provide employment to local particularly
affected person identified in resettlement
plan
Contractor
Contractor
Head
Contractor/ULB
Part of
construction cost.
Part of
construction cost.
Part of
construction cost.
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O& M Impacts Occupational health and safety of
workers and locals
M/T
Provide provision for safety measures in
design stage. Training of workers on
safety measures to be taken.
contractor Part on
construction
cost. Risk of contaminated water in
the distribution system.
M/S Prepare and operate H & S plan with
same measures in design stage. Training
of workers on safety measures to be
taken.
Contractor Part of
construction
Costs
Inadequate disposal of sludge
treatment plants will cause
nuisance to public health
M/P
Safe sludge handling methods shall be
employed – personnel protection
equipment such as gloves, boots shall be
provided. Any sludge produced will be
delivered to the sludge drying beds via
open bed trucks covered with tarpaulin.
Testing of sludge for contaminants will
be done by government laboratories. If
sludge found to contain alum other or
other contaminates after testing, it can be
land filled.
Contractor
Part of
construction
Costs
.
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Table 4.3: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Slums - Sewerage & Sanitation works
Impact Description Significance of the Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation
Responsibility
Preliminary
Costing Pollution and health
hazards due to improper sludge
disposal
methods
M/P
Quantity of sludge generation will be
considerable. Contaminated work area may
cause health hazards.
Safe sludge handling methods shall
be employed - Personal protection
equipment such as gloves, boots,
shall be provided. Sludge shall be
dried in drying beds before its
disposal. This sludge may be used
as manure for non- food crops or
land filled.
Sludge management plan shall be
implemented.
ULB Part of O &
M costs
Mixing of non-municipal
wastewater may interfere with the
treatment process.
N/P
Possibility of mixing of industrial effluent
is very low as there are no industries in the
sewerage zones with problematic
discharges.
Wastewater from industries shall
not be allowed to enter the sewers.
In case of discharges into sewers
the effluent shall confirm to the
CPCB/KSPCB
standards:
• BOD < 350 mg/l
• pH – 5.5 – 9.0
• Suspended solids < 600 mg/l
• Arsenic(as As). <0.2
• Mercury (As Hg), mg/l, max.0.01
• Lead (as Pb) mg/l, max 1.0
• Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l, max 1.0
• Copper (as Cu)mg/l, max. 3.0
• Zinc (as Zn) mg/l, max. 15
• Nickel (as Ni) mg/l, max.3.0
• Fluoride (as F) mg/l, max.15
KSPCB N/a.
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Impacts due to illegal
tapping of sewage for irrigation
purpose from trunk sewers:
.
M/P
Trunk sewers traverse agricultural fields.
Illegal tapping was observed. Probable
contamination of agricultural lands and
groundwater; potential hazards due to
entering of contaminants into food chain.
Impact on the working condition of the STP
due to reduced inflow
Illegal tapping of sewage from
the sewer lines shall not be
allowed. Regular maintenance
and constant check would reduce
the problem.
ULB Part of O &
M costs
Nuisance and pollution of
ground/surface water due to
over flowing/choking of sewers.
M/P
Irrigation canals traverse the town and the
groundwater depth is shallow in the
northern part of the town
Regular maintenance will nullify
the impact.
ULB Part of O &
M costs
Human health risks and
contamination of soil and
groundwater due to leaking sewers
MT
Sewer leaks shall be detected and
repaired rapidly and effectively
ULB
Part of O & M
costs
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Impact on business income if
customer‟s access is impeded by
network repair works
Discharge of hazardous materials
into sewers, resulting in damage to
sewer system and danger to
Workers. Mixing of Industrial
Waste water with sewage.
Wherever level permits, sewer line
proposed in slum area shall be
connected to the proposed sewer
line for city and if the level is not
permitted, those areas shall be
connected to the proposed
community toilets which will be
connected to the septic tank. The
sludge settled in Septic tank shall
be periodically removed.
MP
ST
M/P
Treatment process in the Septic tank will be
significantly affected Health risk to the
sewer workers due to toxic effluent and
gases.
Spaces shall be left for access
between mounds of soil.
• Planks shall be provided to allow
people & vehicles to cross trench.
• Workforce shall be increased in
these areas to finish work quickly.
• Shopkeepers will be informed of
work in advance
The rules and regulation will be
strictly implemented to avoid
mixing of industrial waste
stream/hazardous waste with
sewage in sewer system.
Sludge will be dried and tested for
absence of bacteria and pathogens
Dried sludge will be sold to farmers
to fertilize land along with the STP
sludge.
ULB
KSPCB & ULB
ULB
Part of O & M
costs
Part of O & M
costs
Part of O & M
costs
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Economic benefits to local people
by Project
Discharge of insufficiently treated
wastewater to water
Health & Safety risks of workers
and the public during repair work.
MP
M/T
Periodic monitoring of treated
effluent will be carried out. A water
quality-testing laboratory will be
provided.
H&S Plan shall be prepared and
operated with same measures as
used in construction phase
ULB
ULB
Part of
Construction
and operation
Cost
Part of O &M
costs
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Table 4.4 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Slums - Roads Up gradation
Impact Description Significance of the Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation
Responsibility
Preliminary
Costing Location Impacts No location impacts are envisaged as the
Proposed activities do not encroach into
any sensitive land uses nor does it involve
any land acquisition.
N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.
Design Impacts Acquisition of land/structure is not
envisaged. No trees will be cut as part of
the Investment Program.
N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.
Construction Impacts Disturbance to informal commercial
activities during construction.
N/T
No Hawkers and vendors were
observed. A detailed survey will be
conducted at the design stage to identify
hawkers and vendors
Temporary relocation of
hawkers
and vendors; followed by
reinstatement of original
premises when the work is
completed.
ULB As part of RP
costs
Disturbance due to construction activities
Road block and increase in traffic on the
alternative routes and traffic congestion
N/T
Low levels of traffic was observed
in the slums on the proposed roads
N/a N/a N/a
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Nuisance due to noise. M/T
Proposed roads pass through slum areas
(residential area).
Noise limits for construction
equipments such as
compactors, rollers shall not
exceed 75 dB(A), as specified
by CPCB. High noise
generating activities, if any,
shall not be carried out during
the nights.
Head Contractor N/a.
Dust nuisance. M/T
Proposed roads pass through
residential areas. Due to dry
weather condition dust nuisance
may be considerable.
Dust suppression activities
such as water sprinkling shall
be employed.
Head Contractor Part of
constructio
n costs
Public and worker safety N/T Provide caution and
signboards.
Personal protection equipment
such as gloves, boots, shall be
provided to the workers.
Head Contractor
/CMC
Part of
constructio
n costs
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Table 4.5 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Drainage Upgradation Impact Description Significance of the
Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation
Responsibility Preliminary Costing
Location Impacts No location impacts are envisaged asthe proposed activities are carried out within the existing set-up.
N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.
Design Impacts N/a. N/a. No loss or encroachment of cultural or historical properties is envisaged.
N/a. N/a. CMC Area N/a.
Construction Impacts Impact to “ livelihoods due to disruption during construction” “ the laying of distribution lines will disturb the day to day activities of public such as shops, residence and also lead to un safety condition to them Exposure of workers to contaminated soil during desilting and exactions
M/T
will compensate any business losses as per the resettlement framework. And maintain assess to business (shops) people by providing planks/ makeshifts pathways etc. while lying sewers through narrow street and thick commercial establishment the work will be planned to complete in short duration and care will be taken to avoid excavation of the entire road stretch in these areas. Construction material shall be stockpiled. Adequate arrangement for traffic diversion including erection of proper sign boards. Dust shall be suppressed by frequently sprinkling water. Reputed standard make equipment shall be used complied with standard stipulated by PCB to ensure noise well within the limit. High noise making activity will be restricted in day time only. Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan
Occupational Safety Plan shall be prepared. This includes: (i)
provision of personal protection equipment such as gloves,
boots, (ii) Manual handling of waste shall be avoided as far as
possible; and (iii) Training of workers on safe handling of
sludge
Head contractor
Part of construction costs
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Disturbance to traffic due to storage of construction material/waste and material transport vehicles and other equipment.
M/T Construction material shall be Stockpiled to minimize traffic blockages.
Head contractor N/a.
Nuisance due to noise N/T N/a. N/a. N/a. Dust nuisance.
Excavation of trenches will produce
large amounts of waste soil
Traffic may be disrupted by soil and
vehicle on road
M/T Due to dry
weather
conditions of the
Area, the dust
generated due to
the construction
activity may be
significant.
MP
MT
Dust suppression activities such as water sprinkling shall be employed. Frequent vehicle maintenance shall undertake to ensure smooth movement of vehicles to avoid any noise, smoke pollution. no soil spill during transportation of soil at construction site to curb to curb the increased dust emission due to vehicular movement. Daily inspection at construction site shall be carried out to ensure removal of construction debris. dust sealed truck shall be used for transportation of earth.
Find beneficial uses for waste soil in construction, land raising
and infilling of excavated areas.
Keep soil, vehicles, machinery off road when possible
If work will affect road, conduct when traffic is light.
Ensure police provide warning sign / diversion if needed.
Head contractor
Contractor
Contractor
Part of construction costs
Part of
construction
cost.
Part of
construction
cost.
Impacts due to disposal of contaminated silt
N/T N/a. N/a. N/a.
Pollution and silt loading of water bodies
N/T N/a. N/a. N/a.
Public and worker safety N/T N/a. N/a. N/a.
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Excavation could damage other infrastructure
Economic benefit if local people are
employed in contractors workforce
S/P
MT
Determine location of water pipes, electricity pylons etc and design scheme to avoid damage. Locate different infrastructure on opposite site of road.
Contractor should employs at least 50 % of workforce from
communities in vicinity of construction sites
Design consultant Design consultancy
Contractor
Operation Impacts Silting and pollution of water bodies due to non-clearance of construction work site
M/T Ensure clearing of debris/waste and material from the drainage bed and from the banks before pressing into operation.
CMC Area N/a.
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Chapter V
INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN
5.1 Institutional Requirements
47. Nodal Executing Agency (EA): Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Finance Corporation
(KUIDFC) is the nodal executing agency (EA) responsible for implementing NKUSIP. Investment
Program implementation activities will be monitored by KUIDFC through a separate Investment Program
Management Unit (IPMU), which will be set-up within KUIDFC. The Managing Director/KUIDFC will
head the IPMU and will be assisted by an Executive Director to oversee the Investment Program progress.
A team of senior technical, administrative and financial officials will assist the Executive Director in
controlling and monitoring project implementation activities. KUIDFC will establish IPMU offices at four
locations (in Bellary, Dharwad, Belgaum and Gulbarga) in the Investment Program area. All Investment
Program decisions will be made by the Executive Director who shall operate from the IPMU, Dharwad;
only interactions with GoK, GoI and ADB shall be conducted through the KUIDFC office at Bangalore.
48. Implementing Agency (IA). Implementation Agencies (IA) will oversee sub-project component
implementation at the sub-project towns, where the Investment Program ULB will implement sub-project
components. The responsibilities of the IA shall include (i) carrying out detailed surveys, investigations
and engineering designs of individual infrastructure components; (ii) tendering, evaluating bids and
awarding works, contract administration, supervision and quality control; (iii) measuring works carried out
by the contractors and certifying payments; (iv) conducting public awareness campaigns and participation
programs, (v) carrying out environmental assessments; and (vi) preparing monthly reports. The Investment
Program Consultants (PC) will assist the Investment Program ULB in all the aforesaid activities; in the
case of other IAS, the PC shall proof check designs and quality check construction quality.
` 49. Thus, the responsibility fulfilling environmental requirements of GoI/GoK (for the project- components
of STP,) and conducting required level of environmental assessment as per ADB guidelines lies with the
borrowing ULB. The Investment Program Consultants will assist the ULB in this regard. The IEE/EIA
reports prepared by ULB will be reviewed by the IPMU as per the ADB‟s Environmental Guidelines and
forwarded to ADB for review and approval. In case of IEE reports, the ADB could delegate approval of
IEE reports fully to the IPMU after reviewing the first two reports. However, all the EIA reports shall be
sent to ADB for approval.
50. The mitigation measures identified through IEE/EIA are incorporated into the project cycle.
Mitigation measures, which are implemented by the Contractor, shall form part of the Contract Documents.
The other mitigation measures are undertaken by the ULB (itself or in assistance with Investment Program
Consultants) as specified in the IEE.
5.2 INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING
51. Institutional strengthening will be undertaken to achieve the goals of the project including
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sound environmental management. Steps to be taken are discussed under the following sub-
headings:
Organisation and Staffing;
Environmental Training;
Monitoring and Reporting; and
Record-keeping.
5.2.1 Organisation and Staffing
52. The implementation of mitigation measures requires supervision by adequately trained staff within the
Project Implementation Unit (PIU). The PIU will nominate one of its officers to act as Environmental
Officer (EO), to formally address environmental issues on a routine basis, who will have an oversight of
environmental aspects of the construction contracts, including the enforcement of all monitoring provisions,
the locations of construction and labour camps, etc. Before the commencement of construction, the EO will
receive training in the environmental issues associated with STP construction and maintenance projects.
The EO will also organize the training programs. Main duties of the EO will include:
- Review of bids to ensure their adherence to the environmental specifications and the requirements of
the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
- Collection and dissemination of relevant environmental documents including amendments to
environmental protection acts issued by various agencies such as the Asian Development Bank (ADB),
World Bank and other concerned organisations.
- Co-ordination with government departments on environmental issues and obtaining the necessary
clearances from the regulatory authorities.
- Monitoring the environmental aspects during construction to ensure that the environmental
requirements of the contract and the mitigation measures proposed in the EMP are implemented.
- Supervising contractors and preparation of environmental input to the quarterly progress report.
5.2.2 Monitoring and Reporting Procedures
53. The EO shall ensure monitoring of various environmental parameters during the implementation of the
project. The EO will visually assess contractor‟s practices. Observations of EO and compliance thereupon
shall be documented as part of normal contract monitoring. Regular monitoring of dust control, soil
conservation practices, management of borrow/quarry area will also be carried out as provided in the
contract document.
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5.2.3 Record Keeping
54. Monitoring form should be devised for use. The form should focus attention on environmental issues
and provide feedback for the future stages of the work. Mitigation and enhancement measures will
explicitly make part of the construction contracts documents so that the compliance is measurable and
readily documented. Daily project diaries would record environmental problems (spills, dust etc.) as well as
safety related incidents and will be retained as part of contract management documents. These reports would
be included in Quarterly Progress Reports provided to the funding agency (ADB) as well.
5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
55. Environmental Monitoring Program is a vital process of any management plan of the development
project. This helps in signalling the potential problems resulting from the proposed project and will allow
for prompt implementation of corrective measures. The environmental monitoring will be required during
construction and operational phases. The following parameters need to be monitored:
- Rehabilitation and Resettlement Program,
- Afforestation,
- Soil conservation,
- Borrow Area Conservation, and
- Sanitation and Waste Disposal.
5.3.1 Rehabilitation and Resettlement Program
56. The Rehabilitation and Resettlement Program needs to be monitored during the project construction
phase. The entire program is supposed to be completed before operation phase. Sufficient care needs to
be taken to ensure that money reaches the project-affected people. The quality of life of rehabilitated
people should not fall below their present status. Details of such program have been presented in
separate Social Impact Assessment report.
5.3.2 Afforestation
57. Afforestation for the proposed project will commence before the start of the project cycle. The Forest
Department of Government of Karnataka will implement the afforestation program. Trees shall be
planted along the railway line inside the right of way (ROW) as soon as construction work is over.
5.3.3 Soil Conservation
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58. Soil erosion rates, water sediment load, effectiveness of soil conservation measures, changes in soil
texture and structure should be monitored at frequent intervals, during construction and operation phase..
5.3.4 Borrow area Conservation
59. Restoration of borrow areas will be monitored from time to time by construction supervision
engineer with the progress of works in full compliance with the contractual obligations. The excavation
and restoration of borrow areas and their surroundings, in an environmentally sound manner to the
satisfaction of the supervising engineer, is required to be done by the contractor before final acceptance
and payment under the terms of contract.
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Table 5.1: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities Investment
Program
Phase
Activity Details Responsible
Agency
Pre
construction
phase
Investment Program
Categorization Reviewing the REA and assigning project category (Ea/Eb/Ec) based on
NKUSIP Environmental Assessment Guidelines and ADB Guidelines PMU
Conducting EA Conducting IEE/EIA based on the project categorization
Conducting Public Consultation and information disclosure
Preparation of SIEE/SEIA
Investment
Program
Consultants
Investment Program
clearances Fulfilling GoK/GoI requirement such as clearances from other Government
Agencies ULB
Review of EIA/IEE Reviewing the EIA/IEE and SEIA/SIEE Reports to ensure compliance of the
report as per ADB Guidelines and approval of the same IPMU
Disclosure of SEIA/SIEE Information disclosure -SIEE/SEIA reports should be made available to the
public, and on request IEE/EIA also made available. ULB
Incorporation of mitigation
measures into Investment
Program design
Incorporation of necessary mitigation measures identified in IEE/EIA in
project design and in contract documents. Investment
Program
Consultants
Review of design
documents Review of design and contractual documents for compliance of mitigation
measures IPMU
Construction
Phase Implementation of
mitigation measures Implementation of necessary mitigation measures Contractor
Monitoring Environmental monitoring as specified in monitoring plan during construction
stage; monitoring of implementation of mitigation measures Investment
Program
Consultants
Preparation of progress
reports Preparation of monthly progress reports to be submitted to IPMU including a
section on implementation of the mitigation measures ULB in assistance
of PC
Review of progress reports IPMU to review the progress reports, consolidate and send to ADB review IPMU
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Investment
Program
Phase
Activity Details Responsible
Agency
Operation
Stage Environmental Monitoring Conducting environmental monitoring, as specified in the environmental
monitoring plan. ULB
Compliance Monitoring Compliance monitoring to review the environmental performance of sub-
project component, if required and as specified in Monitoring Plan KSPCB
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5.2 Training Needs
60. As described in the above table the IPMU will involve in monitoring the Investment Program
implementation while the ULB will implement the Investment Program. It is therefore important that these
agencies and particularly the officials involved in the Investment Program to have understanding of the ADBs
environmental assessment procedures and also of environmental issues of various urban infrastructure
components. As far as implementation of mitigation measures on site is concerned the Contractor will be
involved. Hence, it is important to orient the contractors and supervisory staff towards the implementation of
mitigation measures and their consequences. Hence, considering the existing capabilities of the agencies
involved in NKUSIP, the following training program is suggested. The following table presents the
suggested training program.
Table 5.2: Training Needs (2009 – 2015)
Description Contents Schedule Participants Program 1
Orientation Program
/ Workshop for and
Implementing
Agency and
Executing Agency
Module 1 – Orientation
• Investment Program Cycle of
NKUSIP
• ADBs Environmental Assessment
Guidelines
• EA requirements of NKUSIP
• Indian Environmental Laws
& Regulations relating to
urban infrastructure project
• Environmental impacts of
urban infrastructure projects
Module 2 Environmental Assessment
Process
• Project categorization as per ADB
• IEE/EIA process, Formats and
Reports
• Identification of Environmental
Impacts
• Identification Mitigation Measures
• Formulation of Environmental
Management Plan
• Implementation and Monitoring
• Summary EIA/IEEs
• Review of EIA/IEE reports to
comply with ADB requirements
• Incorporation of mitigating
measures in the project design
and contracts
2 days • PMU officials involved in
the project
• ULB officials involved in
project implementation
Program - 2
Orientation Program
/ Workshop for
Contractors and
Supervisory staff
Module 1 Implementation of
Mitigation Measures
• Environmental issues related
urban infrastructure projects
during construction
• Implementation of
mitigation measures
• Monitoring of implementation
1 day • Contractors involved in
NKUSIP
• Supervisory staff of ULB
Program - 3
Experience Sharing Module – Experiences and Best
Practices
• Experiences on implementation in
terms of environmental concerns
of implemented projects
• Best Practices followed
1 day (every
alternative
year from the
start
of project, i.e.
2009)
• IPMU
officials
• ULB officials
• Local NGOs
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5.3 Environmental Monitoring Plans
6 1 . The following tables indicate the recommended environmental monitoring programs for sub-project
components in Koppal. The monitoring program has been developed based on the impacts identified on
various environmental parameters in the earlier section.This IEE and EMP are updated as per detailed
design and any design changes. Environmental monitoring plans for sub project components in Kopalare
presented in Table – 5.3 to 5.9 and annual environmental cost estimate is provided in Table 5.10.
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Table 5.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Slums - Water Supply Rehabilitation
Mitigation Measures Location Measurement Frequency Responsibility Preliminary
Costing Design Stage Monitoring
Water quality (all parameters, particularly
faecal colliform )
At the intake
point.
Contract document One time before
final design stage.
PMU Part of Design fee
MoU between ULBS and other downstream
communities
N/a Signed agreement One time before
final design stage.
ULB --
Safe intake sites with minimum risk of
pollution adequate source and intake
protection measures.
N/a Proposed intake sites One time before
final design stage .
PMU --
Paid compensation and rehabilitation
measures for land acquisition before civil
contract award.
N/a Survey of APS At the time of civil
contract award.
ULB Part of project cost
All design of component include proper
consideration of environment ( i.e. water and
air quality, noise pollution sludge
management )
Only at
pollution
locations
Proposed design of DSC. One time before final
design phase.
PC Part of Design fee
Avoiding / minimising tree cutting. -- Proposed designs of DSC One time before final
design phase.
PMU Part of project
cost.
Design of occupational safety measures. -- Proposed design of DSC One time before final
design phase.
PC --
Training program for staff by consultants. -- As needed before and
during
implementation.
PC Part of project cost
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Construction Stage Monitoring
Construction Stage
All construction related Mitigation Measures:
Construction site management plan to control
the dust and noise nuisance, and road blocks.
N/a
Incorporation of mitigation
measures in the contract
documents
Verification of Contract
Documents before signing the
contract.
One-off inspection of
contract document.
PMU
Part of
construction costs
Implementation of Construction site
management plan providing access to
businesses during pipe lying, etc.
(i) Noise & dust nuisance at site,
(ii) Traffic Maintain ace
(iii) Impact to Livelihood
Pipe Laying sites
and
surroundings.
Monitoring of air quality is
not required. Ensure the
implementation of mitigation
measures such as spraying of
water; assess the situation
through visual inspection and
interviews with local people,
usage of standard equipment
complying with CPCB Noise
standard for construction
equipment.
Weekly Contractor and
ULB with the
assistance of
Investment
Program
Consultant.
Part of
construction costs
Operation stage
Check for blockage and leakage problems;
reducing the water losses.
Distribution line
& Transmission
line.
Percentage of water losses Yearly twice (once
during normal
season and once
during lean season)
ULB Part of O & M
costs
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Implementation of the Sludge Management
Plan - Check for health hazards due to sludge
handling.
N/a Health check for WTP staff Yearly once ULB Part of O & M
Costs.
Regular O & M water treatment facilities N/a Inspection of facilities By annual ULB Part of O & M
Costs. Water quality ( TSS, pH, Temperature,
BOD5, COD , E- coli)
N/a Drinking water at taps and
reservoirs.
Parameters location
and frequency
according to the
national drinking
water quality
standards and
implementation
guidelines.
ULB/Contractor Part of O & M
Costs.
Residual chlorine is sufficient to assure the
potability of water supply at the household
tap as well as to assure no over chlorination.
N/a Measured throughout the
distribution network
particularly at point furthest
from the chlorination point..
Bi- annually ULB/Contractor Part of O & M
Costs.
Training and operation supervision of system
staff
- Survey of staff Bi- annually ULB/Contractor Part of O & M
Costs.
Handling and dosages of chlorine and lime - Treatment plant inspection Quarterly ULB/Contractor Part of O & M
Costs.
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Table 5.4: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Drainage Up gradation Mitigation Measures
Parameters to be Monitored
Location Measurement Frequency Responsibility Preliminary Costing
Construction Stage
Check for dust nuisance
Incorporation of mitigation measures in the contract documents
N/a. Inspection of contract documents
One-off inspection before signing the contract
IPMU IPMU staff time as required
Dust nuisance Construction work sites of
prima
ry
drains
;
Ensure the implementation of mitigation measures such
as spraying of water;
assess the situation
through visual inspection
and interviews with local
people
Weekly CMC Area with the assistance of
Investment
Program
Consultants
Part of construction costs
Operation stage
No significant impacts envisaged.
N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.
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Table 5.5: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Roads Up gradation Mitigation Measures Parameters to
be Monitored
Location Measurement Frequency Responsibility Preliminary Costing
Mitigation Measures
Preconstruction Stage. (No significant impacts envisaged)
N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.
Construction Stage Check for dust nuisance
Incorporation of mitigation measures in the contract documents
N/a. Inspection of contract documents
One-off inspection of before signing the contract
IPMU IPMU staff time as required
Dust and noise nuisance
Work sites of road improvements with in the town
Monitoring of air quality and noise is not required. Ensure the implementation of mitigation measures (usage of standard equipment complying to Noise levels of CPCB, spraying of
water to arrest
dust);assess the
situation through
visual inspection and
interviews with local
people
Weekly CMC Koppal with the assistance of Investment Program Consultants
Part of construction costs
Operation stage No significant impacts envisaged
N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a.
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Table: 5.6 Sample Estimated Environmental Costs (2009) per annum
No. Item Cost ( Rs) A. Monitoring during Operation Period
I. Air monitoring
32000
II. Noise monitoring
8000
III. Water sampling , Waste water quality testing
60000
B. Training Cost.
Program 1
4000
Program 2
4000
Program 3
4000
C. Other
1. Group discussion 5000
2) Health check up for workers
60000
Total
177000
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Chapter VI
PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE
6.1 Overview 62. Public consultation is a process in which public get freedom to express their own view over a project.
Public consultation is a vital in early stage of project which helps strengthening preventive measures to
ensure environment sustainability and preserving public interest by taking in account their anticipated
questions and introducing measures for mitigating the same.
Public consultation involved focus group discussion. The people residing along the project activity areas
were consulted during site visits and due discussion were made regarding the proposals A number of
consultation meetings were held during the process of the project preparation exercise. Participants include:
the Commissioner, AEE, AE, CMC, Koppal town. Also meeting have been conducted with Councillors,
NGOs, local public, project affected persons. These consultations were conducted at various levels (such as
project level sub project level, component level etc.)
63. People were participated in public consultation seen quite interested and confident into the project as they
well aware about merits because of commissioning of this project in respect of enhancing living standards of
public. Public who‟s practical oriented expressed their concern on interfere in public activities, disturbance of
traffic during construction works , generation of dust and noise because of uses of high sound making
equipment and construction works. the people residing along the project activity were requested for
precautionary and preventive measures in order to reduce ardour and nuisance which may result by sewage
treatment plant while operations.
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Fig:3 - photos of public consultation
Table 6.1 Public Comments & Mitigation measures
SI Date Location & SI No. Comments from
local public
Proposed mitigation
No. No. of persons (A) Pipe line works
1. 22.09.08 Near local
hotel & about
10 persons
have
attended.
The public expressed
their concern regarding
the disturbance in public
activities due to
construction works such
as generation of dust,
noise due to construction
machineries, traffic
diversion, and breakage
of existing services.
Dust generation shall be arrested by
water spraying.
Ensure usage of standard
equipment to reduce the noise
nuisance. Equipment shall comply
with the noise levels of
construction equipment laid out by
the CPCB. High noise generating
activities including material
unloading shall be avoided during
nights. The surrounding people
shall be informed, especially in
densely populated area, of nature
and schedule of the high noise
generating activities, if any.
Adequate arrangements for traffic
diversions including erection of
proper sign boards.
Highly Qualified contractor will be
engaged to execute the work in proper
way and specific conditions shall be
imposed in the contract to take safety
measures.
2. (B) Sewage Treatment
Plant (STP)
22.09.08 Ramsamudra
area & about
15 persons
At STP site, public
expresses their concern
regarding the generation
of bad odour, mosquito
Due to sludge drying bed, the odour
nuisance may be arising. The sludge
collecting from the Aeration tank will be
squeezed in the mechanical equipment
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have
attended.
nuisance during the
operation of STP and
also requested to officials
taking care and ensuring
minimising these impact.
and wet sludge will be send to sludge
drying bed. The dried sludge will be
disposed as manure in closed vehicle. A
buffer zone in the form of
landscaping and earthwork shall be
created around the STP to avoid
odour nuisance.
To avoid/reduce mosquito breeding,
the banks ponds shall be kept clear
of grasses and bushes, etc.
Apart from this, it will be ensured to
minimize the environmental impacts
due to construction of STP by
following proper methods/
mitigation measures.
Public demanded for advance notice before construction and proper warning signs along the construction area
to avoid accidents and inconvenience. It was demanded for a strong operation and maintains ace system in
place for there proposed sewer network for its best functioning to have the maximum health and aesthetic
benefits.
6.2 Grievance Redress Committee (GRC)
64. Grievances will first be brought to the attention of the implementing NGO. Grievances not redressed
by the NGO will be brought to the grievance redress committee (GRC) established in each Investment
Program district. The GRC process is designed to be transparent, gender responsive, culturally
appropriate and commensurate to the risks and adverse impacts of the project, as well as readily
accessible to all segments of the affected people. Affected people are to be appropriately informed about
the mechanism through media and public outlets. This participatory process shall ensure that all views of
the people are adequately reviewed and suitably incorporated in the design and implementation process.
65. A District Level Project Steering Committee (DLPSC) headed by the Concerned District
Commissioner (DC) has been established under the NKUSIP project vide GO: No N. A.E. 45 PRJ 04
dated 18/06/04 for 21 towns. In addition to the functions of the committee, Grievance redress was
included as additional functions vide GO: No. N. A. E. 167 PRJ05 dated 22/09/05 for the same towns
and for the additional two towns of NKUSIP Package II – Nippani and Ilkal, which were included. Later
the DLPSC was established along the function of grievance redress vide GO: No. N. A. E124 PRJ 2007,
dated29/11/07, hence a grievance redress mechanism is in place for the project.
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Chapter - VII
FINDING AND RECOMMENDATION
7.1. Findings
6 4 . Based on the screening of environmental impacts, all the proposed sub-project components in
Koppal are found to be environmentally acceptable and therefore able to proceed to the implementation
phase. In most cases, particular environmental issues identified are those that are typical for the type of
component, and a range of proven mitigation strategies exist to address them. Table 33 indicates the
environmental consideration of the proposed infrastructure components.
Table 23: Environmental Issues of Proposed Infrastructure Components in slums
Infrastructure
Component
Environmental Impact Issue Environmental Mitigations
Drainage upgradation • Sludge handling and disposal
• Construction impacts Appropriate mitigation measures as
suggested
Water Supply
Rehabilitation • No significant issues
• Construction and operation impacts Appropriate mitigation measures as
suggested
Upgradation of roads • No significant issues
• Construction and operation impacts Appropriate mitigation measures as
suggested
Street lightings • No significant issues
• Construction and operation impacts
-
65. As described above, most impacts are relevant to typical construction and operation. The important
sets of mitigation measures, which are relevant to most of the components, include preparation of activity
plans using appropriate mitigation measures identified in the earlier sections. These activity plans include:
• Construction Site Management Plan (to address construction impacts);
• Sludge Management and Disposal Plan (to address sludge handling and disposal impact).
• Occupational Safety Plan (to address the health related impacts for sanitary workers)
66. These activity plans should be prepared by the ULB associated by Investment Program Consultants
as compendium of the relevant mitigation measures identified in earlier section. They should form part of
the contractual arrangements with construction contractors, or directly implemented by the CMC as facility
operator, as required „Work Practices‟.
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7.2 Recommendations
6 7 . It is recommended that the PMU should be involved in monitoring the implementation of those
components that are critical to acceptable environmental performance of the component. Owing to the
location of proposed facilities and geographical setting of the town/region as a whole, no major impacts
envisaged from any of the proposed sub- components projects in Koppal. In view of this importance, the
PMU is delegated with the monitoring responsibility of the design stage to ensure the environmental
sustainability of the NKUSIP.
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Chapter VIII
VIII. CONCLUSIONS
68. The proposed components should proceed through to design and implementation, subject to mitigation
measures and monitoring programs identified in the IEE which will be updated detailed during detailed
design stage. Owning to the nature and scale of the proposed components in Koppal, it may be emphasized
that the present IEE, which identifies potential impacts and suggests appropriate mitigation measures, is
sufficient enough to safeguard the environment. There are no significant adverse impacts, which are
irreversible or may lead to considerable loss/destruction of environment, envisaged. All the impacts are
simple and moreover proven mitigation measures exists to minimize/mitigate the same. Hence, no further
study such as an EIA is required.
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AAPENDIX 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist
Country / project Title: India / North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program.
Sector Division Urban Development
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Screening Questions Yes No Remarks
B. Project Siting
Is the project area
Densely populated √
Heavy with development activities √
Adjacent to or within any
environmentally sensitive area
Cultural heritage site √
Protected area √
Wetland √
Instructions:
This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of project. it to be attached to the environmental categorization from that it is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance officer of the Regional and sustainable Development Department.
This checklist id to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department
This checklist focuses on environmental issue and concerns. To ensure that the social dimensions are adequately considered. Refer also to ADB checklist and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement (ii) indigenous peoples planning (iii) poverty reduction (iv) participation and (v() gender and development.
Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remark” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.
SEWAGE TREATMENT
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Screening Questions Yes No Remarks
Mangrove √
Estuarine √
Buffer zone of protected area √
Special area for protecting
biodiversity
√
Bay √
A. Potential Environmental Impact
Will the project cause…..
`
Impairment of historical / cultural
monuments / areas and loss/ damage
to the sites?
√
Interference with other utilities and
blockage of access to buildings
nuisance to neighboring areas due to
noise, smell and influx of insects
rodents etc?
√ During construction stage traffic and
human activities may affected temporarily
due to generation of dust and noise from
mechanical equipments. Adequate
measure will be taken by skirling of water
to minimize dust and traffic management
plan with sign board. Machinery with
standard reputed make adopted that will
itself taker care of noise.
Dislocation or involuntary
resettlement of people?
√ No any dislocation or involuntary
resettlement envisaged in a project.
Impairment of downstream water
quality due to in adequate sewage
treatment or release of untreated
sewage?
√ The proposed Facultative Aerated Lagoon
system is designed to meet the discharge
norms of inland surface water as
suggested by Central Pollution Control
Board. It is suggested that proposed
system will be properly maintained to
ensure efficiency of treatment.
Overflows and flooding of
neighboring properties with raw
sewage. ?
√ Periodic maintenance of sewer lines has
been suggested in the EMP to avoid
overflowing and flooding of neighboring
properties.
Environmental pollution due to
inadequate sludge disposal or
industrial waste discharge illegally
disposed in sewer?
√ Sludge disposal will be carried out in
frequently say once in a 6 month. Sludge
disposal will be restricted in a confined
space to avoid surface and soil pollution.
Noise and vibration due to blasting
and other civil works?
√ Construction machineries used in a
construction will be standard reputed
made comply with noise level standard
prescribed by pollution control board.
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Screening Questions Yes No Remarks
Discharge of hazardous material into
sewers, resulting in damage to sewer
system and danger to workers ?
√ It is suggested in EMP that Koppal CMC
has to ensure that no hazardous waste will
be illegally discharged in to sewer lines.
Inadequate buffer zone around
pumping and treatment plats to
alleviate noise and other possible
nuisances, and protect facilities?
√ Buffer zone with screen and landscaping
is suggested to provide proper shielding
such that operation of STP will not have
nuisance to surrounding.
Social conflicts between construction
workers from other areas and
community workers?
√ The local labour force will be utilized by
the contractor for construction activities
and hence there are no possibilities for
social conflict regarding employment
opportunities during construction phase.
Road blocking and temporary
flooding due to land excavation
during the rainy season?
√ Road blocking and traffic re routing has
been envisaged during construction stage
of sewer lines. Temporary flooding is not
anticipated as there is no deep excavation
or filling of low laying area envisaged in
the project.
Noise and dust construction
activities?
√ Construction machineries will be reputed
make which will itself take care of noise
moreover these machineries will be
comply with standards stipulated by
Central pollution Control board. Water
sprinkling program will be suggested to
ensure minimize of dust generated.
Traffic disturbances due to
construction material transport and
waste?
√ Traffic management with re routine of
traffic during construction period is
required to avoid conflict of public
transport with construction material.
Temporary silt runoff due to
construction?
√ The construction waste water will be
channelled such that it will have sufficient
time to settle the solid and do not
deteriorate water quality of discharging
courses.
Hazards to public health due to
overflow flooding and ground water
pollution due to failure of sewage
system?
√ Regular maintenance of sewer line has
been suggested to avoid overflow of
sewer li9ne and related impact on public
health due to pollution.
Chances of failure sewage system will be
less and in extreme case care will be
taken by diverting sewage in nearby nalas
and rectified defects quickly to take
system in working.
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Screening Questions Yes No Remarks
Deterioration of water quality due to
inadequate sludge disposal or direct
discharge of untreated sewage water?
√ Sludge from sludge drying bed will be
removed at regular interval to avoid re –
suspension in the treated water and there
by deteriorating treated water quality.
Direct discharge of untreated sewage
water is not anticipated.
Contamination of surface and ground
water due to sludge disposal on land?
√ Sludge will be disposed of in a confined
area the sludge disposal area should be
properly lined with geosynthetic lining
such that it will not leach to the nearby
water courses / and pollute environment.
Health and safety hazards to workers
from toxic gases and hazardous
material which may be contained in
sewage flow and exposures to
pathogens in sewage and sludge?
√ Mixing of hazardous / industrial effluent
with sewage may result in sewer and STP
which should be avoided through proper
law and enforcement.
The sewer cleaning and STP workers
should be provided protective measures
such as boots masks etc. to avoid
exposure to pathogens in sewage and
sludge.
NKUSIP (Package IV – Bellary) Tranche II Sub Projects in Kopal CMC
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APENDIX 2: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist
Country / project Title: India / North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program.
Sector Division Urban Development
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Screening Questions Yes No Remarks
B. Project Siting
Is the project area
Densely populated √
Heavy with development activities √
Adjacent to or within any
environmentally sensitive area
Cultural heritage site √
Protected area √
Wetland √
Mangrove √
Estuarine √
Instructions:
This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of project. It to be attached to the environmental categorization from that it is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance officer of the Regional and sustainable Development Department.
This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department
This checklist focuses on environmental issue and concerns. To ensure that the social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklist and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement (ii) indigenous peoples planning (iii) poverty reduction (iv) participation and (v() gender and development.
Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remark” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.
WATER SUPPLY
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Screening Questions Yes No Remarks
Buffer zone of protected area √
Special area for protecting biodiversity √
Bay √
B. Potential Environmental Impact
Will the project cause…..
`
Pollution of raw water supply from
upstream waste water discharge from
communities, industries, agriculture
and soil erosion runoff.
√ No such communities, industries discharge
envisage since the intake point located in
Tungabhadra reservoir near Katharki
village.
Impairment of historical / cultural
monuments / areas and loss / damage
to the site
√
Hazard of land subsidence caused by
excessive ground water pumping
√ There is no ground water exploitation for
proposed water supply improvements for
Koppal CMC
Social conflict arising from
displacement of communities
√
Conflicts in abstraction of raw water
for water supply with other beneficial
water uses for surface and ground
waters?
√ Since the water is drawing from
Tungabathra reservoir, there will not be
any water scarcity at any point of time.
Unsatisfactory raw water sup[ply ( e.g.
excessive pathogens or mineral
constituents ?
√ The existing raw water supply is supposed
to continue.
Delivery of unsafe water to
distribution system
√
Inadequate protection of intake works
or wells leading to pollution of water
supply?
√
Over pumping of ground water,
leading to Stalinization and ground
subsidence?
√ There is no ground water exploitation
required for the proposed improvements in
water supply.
Excessive algal growth in storage
reservoir?
√ Koppal CMC has to ensure that the
storage reservoir will be cleaned regularly
to avoid excessive algal growth.
Increase in production of sewage
beyond capabilities of community
facilities?
√ The proposal involves ensuring regular
supply of 100 lpcd. for the public which
neither will nor result in excess sewage
production. The proposed STP for the city
is designed to meet the sewage generated
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Screening Questions Yes No Remarks
with 100 lpcd.
Inadequate disposal of sludge from
water treatment plants?
√ There is no such proposal of altering
design and facilities in water treatment
plant. It is prime duty of Koppal CMC to
ensure that the sludge is removed from
water treatment plants regularly to meet
standard of treated water.
Inadequate buffer zone around
pumping and treatment plants to
alleviate noise and other possible
nuisance and protect facilities
√ Sufficient buffer zone / noise barrier is to
be developed around pumping station to
alleviate noise.
Impairments associated with
transmission lines and access roads?
√ Temporary impairments are anticipated
along the new transmission lines routes
during construction stage .No new access
are proposed.
Health Hazard arising from inadequate
design of facilitate for receiving ,
storing, and handling of chlorine and
other hazardous chemicals
√ Proposed project seen to be not have any
proposal for altering design / facilities in
water treatment plant.
Health and safety hazards to workers
from the management of chlorine used
for disinfection and other
contaminants?
√ Koppal CMC has to ensure that proper
safety practices are ensured for workers in
water treatment plant.
Dislocation or involuntary resettlement
of people
√ There is no resettlement of people for
project implementation.
Social conflict between construction
workers from other areas and
community workers?
√ Local labour will be utilized in maximum
number by contractor so possibility of
social conflict regarding employment
opportunities will be less during
construction stage
Noise and dust from construction
activities
√ Measures will be taken in initial stage of
project by deploying standard reputed
make machinery with comply of stipulated
noise standard to ensure noise with in limit
and practice of frequent water spraying
will be adopted to minimize dust.
Increased road traffic due to
interference of construction activities?
√ The construction material transport will
increase traffic within city. Proper traffic
management will have to be implemented
to avoid conflict between public transport
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Screening Questions Yes No Remarks
and construction material transport.
Continuing soil erosion / silt runoff
from construction operation
√ Construction debris and excess soil
generated at construction site should be
properly disposed to avoid erosion.
Delivery of unsafe water due to poor o
& m treatment process ( especially
mud accumulation in filter ) and
inadequate chlorination due to lack of
adequate monitoring of chlorine
residual in distribution system
√ Koppal CMC has to ensure efficiency of
operation of water treatment plant.
Accidental leakage of chlorine gas? √
Excess abstraction of water affecting
downstream water users
√
Competing uses of water √
Increased sewage flow due to
increased water supply
√ The proposal is for ensuring regular water
supply of 100 lpcd for the public which
will result in increased sewage generation.
The propose STP for the city is designed
too meet the sewage generated with 100
lpcd.
Increased volume of sullage
(wastewater from cooking and
washing) and sludge from waste water
treatment plant
√ The proposed STP for the city is designed
to meet the sullage generated due to
project. Koppal CMC has to ensure that
the sludge generated in STP is disposed
off with safe disposal practices.
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