Environmental management and land Environmental management and land use conflicts in wetlands systems use conflicts in wetlands systems –– a case study at Shengjin Lakea case study at Shengjin Lake–– a case study at Shengjin Lake a case study at Shengjin Lake
Lei Cao Mark Barter and Tony FoxLei Cao Mark Barter and Tony FoxLei Cao, Mark Barter and Tony FoxLei Cao, Mark Barter and Tony Fox
U i it f S i d T h l f ChiU i it f S i d T h l f ChiUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaUniversity of Science and Technology of China
National Environmental Research Institute University of Aarhus
YANGTZE FLOODPLAINYANGTZE FLOODPLAIN
H f iHefeiThree Gorges Dam
Shengjin Lake
Summer floodingSummer floodinggg
Hi h t 12 16High water = 12 -16 mLow water = 8 – 9 m
Winter droughtWinter droughtgg
GrazersGrazers GrubbersGrubbers
Shengjin Lake NNR Shengjin Lake NNR established to protect established to protect
wetlands and waterbirdswetlands and waterbirdswetlands and waterbirdswetlands and waterbirds
NATIONAL NATURE RESERVE NATIONAL NATURE RESERVE LEGISLATIONLEGISLATIONLEGISLATIONLEGISLATION
Experimental ZoneExperimental ZoneCore AreaCore AreaIntact, natural ecosystemIntact, natural ecosystemKey area for animals & plantsKey area for animals & plants
Buffer ZoneBuffer Zone
Key area for animals & plantsKey area for animals & plantsNobody can enterNobody can enter
ffffCore Core AreaArea
Buffer ZoneBuffer ZoneOnly scientific and Only scientific and research activities allowedresearch activities allowed
Experimental ZoneExperimental ZoneScientific educational andScientific educational andScientific, educational and Scientific, educational and tourist activities allowedtourist activities allowed
NN SluiceSluice
5 km5 km
SHENGJIN SHENGJIN Experimental Experimental ZoneZone
LAKELAKECore AreaCore Area
Buffer ZoneBuffer Zone
SHENGJIN LAKE’S BIRDSSHENGJIN LAKE’S BIRDSMaximum count of ≈ 71,000
62 species
SPECIES GROUPS %Swans, geese and ducks 86.0Shorebirds 6.1G ll /T 2 7Gulls/Terns 2.7Herons/Egrets 2.0Cranes storks etc 3 2Cranes, storks, etc 3.2
40,000 people live within 40,000 people live within , p p, p pthe reserve’s boundariesthe reserve’s boundaries
THREE GORGES DAMTHREE GORGES DAM18
20
ou (m
)1978-2002
Three Gorges Dam
14
16er
leve
l at H
uk1978-20022004-2007
8
10
12
gtze
Riv
er w
at
6
8
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Yan
18
20
els
(m)
SJH 1998-2002
SJH 2004 2008
12
14
16
ke w
ater
leve SJH 2004-2008
8
10
12
Shen
gjin
Lak
6
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
S
HUANGPEN SLUICEHUANGPEN SLUICE
14
16
14
15
ghts
(m)
SLUICE CONTROLhalf-open closed open closed
10
1212
13
e R
iver
hei
g SLUICE CONTROL
Yangtze River
6
8
10
9
10
11
fall
(mm
)
and
Yang
tze
Shengjin Lake
4
6
7
8
9
rain
f
ngjin
Lak
e a
0
2
5
6
08 08 08 08 08 08 08 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09
Shen
01-O
ct-0
15-O
ct-0
29-O
ct-0
12-N
ov-0
26-N
ov-0
10-D
ec-0
24-D
ec-0
07-J
an-0
21-J
an-0
04-F
eb-0
18-F
eb-0
04-M
ar-0
18-M
ar-0
01-A
pr-0
15-A
pr-0
AQUACULTUREAQUACULTURE
16
18(m
)
40,000
45,000Grazing geese
10
12
14
wat
er le
vels
30,000
35,000
al c
ount Bean geese
Tuber feeders
4
6
8
engj
in L
ake
w
2001-20022004-200820 000
25,000
30,000
ry a
nnua
0
2
Jan
Jan
Feb
Mar
Mar
Apr
Apr
May un un Ju
l
Aug
Aug Se
p
Oct
Oct
Nov Dec
Dec
She 2004 2008
10 000
15,000
20,000
Febr
uar
01-J
21-J
10-F
01-M
21-M
10-A
30-A
20-M
09-J
29-J
19-J
08-A
28-A
17-S
07-O
27-O
16-N
06-D
26-D
5,000
10,000
02004 2005 2008 2009 2010
HYPOTHESIS HYPOTHESIS -- POLLUTION?POLLUTION?
POLLUTIONPOLLUTIONTrapa is spreading rapidly in Shengjin Hu. None was present in 2000; but cover has increased from 4 2present in 2000; but cover has increased from 4.2 (2002) to 9.1 km2 (2007) .
BUFFALOESBUFFALOES
Senescent Carex New growth Carex
DOMESTIC GEESEDOMESTIC GEESE
LAND CLAIMLAND CLAIM
AGRICULTUREAGRICULTURE
MAJOR MANAGEMENTMAJOR MANAGEMENTMAJOR MANAGEMENT MAJOR MANAGEMENT CHALLENGECHALLENGE
Ensure sustainable use of wetland resourcesEnsure sustainable use of wetland resources
• wetlands continue to support large pp gnumbers of people
• whilst still maintaining the rich and unique biodiversitybiodiversity
A BIG CHALLENGE!A BIG CHALLENGE!A BIG CHALLENGE!A BIG CHALLENGE!
THE FUTURE ?THE FUTURE ?
-- OR JUST A MEMORY OR JUST A MEMORY FROM THE PAST!FROM THE PAST!
Thank youThank youyy谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢
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