ENERGY
What is Energy?• The ability to do work or cause
change• It occurs in different forms:
–Electrical, chemical, light, mechanical
• Energy comes in TWO different states…
Potential Energy
• Stored Energy– This energy may be found:
• In the position of an object above a specific point
Potential Energy
• Stored Energy– This energy may be found:
• In the chemical composition of the object or substance
Potential Energy
The food we eat is also potential energy…
Why??
Realizing its potential…
• What happens to that stored potential energy?
Kinetic Energy
• The other form of energy
• The energy of motion• Most often seen at the
molecular or atmoic motions of the particles of matter
Kinetic Energy
• The larger the mass, the greater the kinetic energy.
• Velocity also affects the kinetic energy- it causes a greater change than a change in mass.
• (Velocity, by the way, is the speed and direction an object is moving in)
Forms of Energy
• Heat energy– Produced by the movement of atoms, ions
and molecules– Difference between Heat and Energy?
Mechanical Energy
• Energy used and by moving machinery or objects doing work
Electrical Energy
• Movement of electrons
Chemical Energy
• Energy stored in the chemical bonds of food, fuel or natural gas.
• Produces other forms of energy
Light Energy
• Travels through waves• A visible form of electromagnetic waves
Laws of Energy
Law of Conservation of Energy The First Law of Energy
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.
Laws of Energy
• This means that the total amount of energy leaving a system is equal to the total amount of energy that entered the system.
• Law of Conservation of Mass (also known as the Law of conservation of Matter)– Matter can neither be created nor destroyed
Laws of Energy
• Second law of energy– Deals with thermal process.– Heat can only flow from hot to cold, so the energy
flow is one way.– Energy is not 100% efficient. There will ALWAYS
be a loss of energy (car engine example)– Energy that is lost and converted into unusable
forms is called Entropy.
Key terms
• Energy• Potential Energy• Kinetic Energy• Heat energy• Mechanical energy• Electrical energy• Chemical energy• Light energy• Law of Conservation of Energy
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