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Team & Members
Abstract Intention
Existing System
Projected System
Block Diagram Block Explanation
Software and hardware
Experimental results
Advantages
Disadvantages
Conclusion
Future works
References
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Pradeepa.S 31608106066
Sabreen Taj 31608106074
Sakthivel.S 31608106078
Sreerekha.R 31608106095
GUIDEMr. Ananth Ravindran (Asst professor)
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The development of an Automatic Power
Meter Reading (APMR) system is presented in
this paper. The APMR system is consists of
Digital Power meters installed in everysubstation. The Digital Power meter (DPM) is
a single phase digital kWh power meter with
embedded ZIGBEE modem which utilizes the
ZIGBEE network to send its power usage
reading wirelessly. At the receiver side an
LCD displays the current and voltage readings
and the power along with power loss, update
the database.
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This project aims at wireless communication
between substations using ZIGBEE module.
Automatic meter reading (APMR) is an
effective means of data collection that allowsubstantial saving through the reduction of
meter re-read , greater data accuracy. With
the advent of digital technology analog
electro-mechanical meter is continuouslyreplaced by digital electronic meter.
ZAPMR has wide coverage and retrieve meter
reading back wirelessly. The most important
of these are performance and reliability
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To implement automatic Power meter
reading for providing high flexibility,
accuracy using ZIGBEE Network
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Meter reading taken manually
Errors occurred due to less concentration
Meter reading not accurate
Huge Manpower needed
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Meter reading taken automatically using
zigbee technology
Normal work happen at any time and
external conditions Less Manpower
High Accurate meter reading
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MicrocontrollerSignal
Conditioning
CT
PT
Actuator
LCD
Serial
Communication
RS232
ZIGBEE
Serial
communication
Network
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Input power supply given to consumer
through actuator
Actuator acts as a switch, it is controlled
by microcontroller Current transformer and potential
transformer are used measure the power by
microcontroller
Display unit are used to display meterreadings and bill status
The meter reading send to admin center
through ZIGBEE using serial communication
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The operation of power supply circuits builtusing filters, rectifiers, and then voltageregulators. Starting with an AC voltage, asteady DC voltage is obtained by rectifying
the AC voltage, Then filtering to a DC level,and finally, regulating to obtain a desiredfixed DC voltage. The regulation is usuallyobtained from an IC voltage regulator Unit,
which takes a DC voltage and provides asomewhat lower DC voltage, Which remainsthe same even if the input DC voltage varies,or the output Load connected to the DCvoltage changes.
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PIC16F877A microcontroller is used for this
project
It is 8-bit Microcontroller
System is RISC Architecture It has Small set of Instruction set
It has 35-Instructions only
Compatibility: avail 28/40 Pin ICs
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Operating Speed Max 20 MHz, Voltage-(2-
5.5)v
Memory:
Flash Program 8Kx14 Words,RAM 368 Bytes,
EEPROM Data Memory 256 Bytes
Low power, High speed Flash/EEPROM
Technology
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It has 5 Ports for Internal and External usage
It has on chip Timers. 3 Timers are avail
It has in built Analog to Digital Converter
In built Multiplexer availability for signalSelection
It has serial as well as Parallel
Communication facilities
In built Capture, Compare and Pulse width
modulation
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PTs or VTs are the most common devices
used. These devices are conventional
transformers with two or three windings (one
primary with one or two secondary). They
have an iron core and magnetically couple
the primary and secondary. The high side
winding is constructed with more copper
turns than the secondary(ies), and any
voltage impressed on the primary winding is
reflected on the secondary windings in direct
proportion to the turns ratio or PT ratio.
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RS232 standard is anasynchronous serialcommunication method.
The word serial means, that
the information is sent one bitat a time.
Asynchronous tells us that theinformation is not sent inpredefined time slots.
Data transfer can start at anygiven time and it is the task ofthe receiver to detect when amessage starts and ends.
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Diagram that a relay uses an electromagnet.This is a device consisting of a coil of wire
wrapped around an iron core. When electricity
is applied to the coil of wire it becomes
magnetic, hence the term electromagnet. The
A B and C terminals are an SPDT switch
controlled by the electromagnet. When
electricity is applied to V1 and V2, the
electromagnet acts upon the SPDT switch so
that the B and C terminals are connected.
When the electricity is disconnected, then the
A and C terminals are connected. It isimportant to note that the electromagnet is
magnetically linked to the switch but the two
are NOT linked electrically
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ZigBee is a Ad-hoc networking technology for LR-WPAN
Based On IEEE 802.15.4 standard that defines the PHY
and Mac Layers for ZigBee.
Intended for 2.45 Ghz , 868 Mhz and 915 Mhz Band. Low in cost ,complexity & power consumption as
compared to competing technologies.
Intended to network inexpensive devices
Data rates touch 250Kbps for 2.45Ghz ,40 Kbps 915Mhzand 20Kbps for 868Mhz band.
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MPLAB IDE
Hi-tech c compiler
Visual basic c++ 6.0
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ORCAD design
Visual basic
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Using zigbee accurate values is being taken
for nearly two substations and is being
transmitted to the administrative office.
In this external load is being added . Loadscan be varied by using potentiometer.
Since data logging is done it is very useful to
get back all the data.
Automatic power shut down is done in caseof high input given.
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Less operation cost
Less manpower
High efficiency and reliability
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Utility metering
Power Industries
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In this paper we have shown the updated power readings and
the way of detecting power loss. Traditional meter reading for
electricity consumption is done by human operator fromstation to station. This requires huge number of labor
operators and long working hour to achieve complete area
data reading. Human being may make errors while noting so to
overcome all those problems we have introduced ZIGBEE awireless modem The development of a ZIGBEE Automatic
Power Meter Reading (APMR) system is presented in this paper.
So by using ZIGBEE huge work is reduced and also labors. It is a
wireless modem throughwhich readings are displayed and can
be monitored without any effort and also readings are data
logged for future reference. At the receiver side the meter
reading , updated database is obtained.
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WEB REFERENCES:
www.atmel.com
www.dallas.com
www.gpsfavorities.comwww.holtek.com
www.microcontroller.com
http://www.hp.com/go/HPVEE
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