Instrument s for access cavity preparation Hand pieces
Instrument s for access cavity preparation Burs
Instrument s for access cavitypreparation
Instrument s for access cavitypreparation
Instrument s for access cavity preparation
NameBursFunctionseveral types of burs will be used to
accomplishgood access preparation Fissure burs are used inthe
initial stage of access preparation to establishthe correct outline
form ,Round burs are used tolift the roof of the pulp chamber and
eliminateoverhanging dentine ,Tapered Non end-cutting bur isused to
lift lid of pulp chamber and refine cavity.
Instrument s for access cavitypreparation Front surface
mirror
Instrument s for access cavity preparation NameFront surface
mirrorFunctionis best suited for visibility deep within the pulp
chamber.
Instrument s for access cavity preparation root canal
explorer
Instrument s for access cavity preparationNameprobe/root canal
explorerFunctionUsed to probe and detect canal openingswithin the
pulp chamber
Extirpation Instrument endodontic spoon excavator
Instrument s for access cavity preparation NameEndo
excavatorFunction"larger than conventional excavator" itsshape
allows curettage of the pulp chamberwhen conventional one will not
reach thefloor of the chamber, and used as surgicalaid to excavate
periapical lesion.
Extirpation Instrument Barbed broach
Extirpation Instrument Barbed broach
Extirpation Instrument Barbed broach
Extirpation Instrument NameBarbed broachesFunctions Used to
remove the intact pulp Barbs on the broach snag the pulp to
facilitateremoval.Retrieve a paper point or cotton pellet trapped
inthe canal. Loosen debris in necrotic canal..
Extirpation InstrumentThe braded broach comes in different
sizes, and theselection of suitable size is very important, it
shouldfit loosely inside the canal, when braded broach size
islarger than the canal size, the hooks of B.B engaged inthe
dentinal wall of the canal and stick there "Jammedbroach" and with
drawing it becomes difficult andmight fracture inside the canal, if
the dentist faced byJammed broach, the broach should be
removedvertically without twisting. The B.B must only beused in the
straight part of the canal, and insertion ofthe broach (not exceed
23) of the canal length of theideal way to use it is
ISO standardization
ISO standardization endodonticBefore a standardized
configuration was adopted,instrument varied greatly from one
manufacturer toanother. The configuration adopted is that set by
theInternational Organization for Standardization (ISO), AllISO
hand instruments, along with paper points, silverpoints and
standardized gutta-percha points, conform tothis system. ISO
standardized files have a cutting length of16 mm, have a specified
diameter at the tip (termed D1) andincrease in diameter by 0.02 mm
for each millimeter alongthe file, so that at the end of the
cutting part (16 mm alongthe file) the diameter (termed D2) is 0.32
mm greater thanat D1. This is called an .02 taper. Files may vary
in length,any extra length is provided by a blank portion.
Thenominal size of the instrument is based on the diameter ofits
tip (the diameter at D1) expressed in hundredths of amillimeter.
Thus an ISO size 50 file will have a tip diameterof 0.50 mm.
ISO standardization also uses a color for each size, as shown
below: Color Nominal Size Pink 06 Grey 08 Purple 10 White 15 45 90
Yellow 20 50 100 Red 25 55 110 Blue 30 60 120 Green 35 70 130 Black
40 80 140The amount of increase in diameter from one inst. to the
next is 0.05 mmin inst. from size 10 60, and 0.1 mm in inst. from
size 60 140.
Instruments for root canalpreparation K- reamer
Instruments for root canalpreparation K- reamer
Instruments for root canalpreparationK-reamerinstruments can be
manufactured bytwisting a square or triangular blank bymachine .
reamer used in shaping thecanalAction oclock wise quarter turn
twist ..
Instruments for root canalpreparation K- file
Instruments for root canalpreparationK- fileinstruments can be
manufactured by twisting a squareor triangular blank by machine the
blank is twistedinto a tighter series of spiral than reamer also K-
fileare more flexible than reamer .K -Files with a triangular
cross-section tend to havesuperior cutting characteristics and are
moreflexible, and hence less likely to transport the canalduring
preparation. .Actionoclock wise half turn twist ..
Instruments for root canal preparationK-Flex filesare produced
from a blank that is rhomboid incross-section; this forms both
cutting and non-cutting edges. The files are more flexible than
anequivalent-sized K-file .Actionoclock wise half turn twist
..
Instruments for root canal preparationFlexofilehave a
triangular cross-section and are manufacturedfrom flexible
stainless steel. Flexofiles are more efficient at cutting
andremoving dentine than an equivalent K-file, because the blade
has asharper angle and there is more room for debris. The tip of
thefile is non-cutting. This is an advantage when preparing curved
canals, asthe file is guided along the canal curvature, avoiding
excessivecutting into the outer curve of the root canal or
transportation. Anyflexible, triangular cross-sectioned file, such
as a Flexofile, can beused with the balanced force actionAction
oclock wise half turn twist ..
Instruments for root canalpreparation Hedstom file
Instruments for root canalpreparation Hedstom file
Instruments for root canal preparationHedstom fileare machined
from a tapered cylindrical block. In cross-section they have the
appearance of a series of intersectingcones. Hedstroem files are
highly efficient at removingdentine on the outstroke when used in a
filing motion, buthave poor fracture resistance in
rotationActionwithdrawal stroke ..
NiTi (Nickel titanium) rotary instruments
NiTi (Nickel titanium) rotary instrumentsThese files are used
to flare the coronal aspect of the rootcanal. Although they are
manufactured from nickel-titaniumthe files are relatively
inflexible, as the cross-sectionaldiameter is larger than that of a
standard file (ISO). The useof these instruments is therefore best
restricted to therelatively straight parts of the root canal to
avoid stripperforation. It is recommended that they are used in a
handpiece driven by an electric motor at 150-300 rpm
Gates-Glidden drills
Gates-Glidden drills
Gates-Glidden drillsSmall flame-shaped cutting instrument used
in theconventional hand piece Different sizes coded by rings
orcolored bands on shank Are slightly flexible and will followthe
canal shape but can perforate the canal if used too deeplyfunctions
: Preparing the coronal two thirds of molars canals. Removing
gutta-percha from the canal during post space preparation or during
retreatment. Widen the canal when an instrument has fractured
within it.
Peeso Reamer
Peeso reamers drillsSmall flame-shaped cutting instrument used
in theconventional hand piece Different sizes coded by rings
orcolored bands on shank, Peeso reamers are not flexible
oradaptable, if not used with care can perforate canalfunctions :
Removing gutta-percha from the canal during post space preparation
or during retreatment.
Instruments for root canalpreparation Disposable irrigating
syringe and disposable needle
Instruments for root canal preparationNameDisposable irrigating
syringe and disposable needleFunction, features and precaution Used
with an irrigant to clean and disinfect thecanal during endodontic
treatment A blunt needle with side exiting delivery willreduce the
risk of the needle bindingwithin the canal
Instruments for root canalpreparation Absorbent paper
points
Instruments for root canalpreparationNameAbsorbent paper
pointsFunctions To absorb any moisture in the canal(i.e. blood, pus
and saliva) To carry medicaments into the canal
Instruments for root canal Filling Gutta - percha
Instruments for root canal FillingNameGutta percha
pointsFunction and features Non-soluble, non-irritant points that
are condensedinto the pulp chamber during obturation Standardized
type: follows same ISO classification asendodontic files
Non-standardized: have a greater taper than thestandard ISO
type
Instruments for root canal Filling Hand spreader
Instruments for root canal Filling Finger spreader
Instruments for root canal Filling spreader
Instruments for root canal FillingNameFinger spreaderFunction,
features and precaution Finger instrument with a smooth,pointed,
tapered working end Used to condense gutta percha laterallyinto the
canal during obturation
Instruments for root canal Filling Hand Plugger
Instruments for root canal Filling Finger Plugger
Instruments for root canal Filling Plugger
Instruments for root canal FillingNameEndodontic
pluggerFunctionWorking end is flat to facilitate plugging
orcondensing the gutta percha vertically afterthe excess has been
removed by melting offwith a heated instrument
Instruments for root canal Filling Lentulo spiral Drill
Instruments for root canal FillingNameLentulo spiral
filler/rotary paste fillerFunction and features Small flexible
instrument used to placematerials into the canal Fits into the
conventional hand piece Use with caution as it can be easily
broken
the endodontic ruler
the endodontic ruler
the endodontic rulerFunction Special endodontic rulers are
available formeasuring the length of finger instruments
Transfer sponge or Endodontic block
Transfer sponge or Endodontic blockFunctions An endodontic
block is a sturdy block used to organize andhold endodontic finger
and rotary instruments duringprocedures; Reduces the possibility of
percutaneous injuries whenhandling endodontic finger and rotary
instruments
Endo locking tweezers
Endo locking tweezersEndo locking pliers or (endo locking
tweezers):it has lock "latch" that permits materials to be
heldwithout continuous finger pressure, it has a groove atthe tip,
the grooved tip facilitate holding absorbentpoints and gutta percha
cones.
Electronic Apex Locators
Electronic Apex LocatorsNameApex locatorFunctions An electronic
instrument used to determinethe distance to the apical foramen The
screen allows the operator to visualizethe file movement during
instrumentation
Electric pulp tester
Electric pulp testerNameElectric pulp testerFunction and
directions for use Used to test the vitality of a tooth using
electric stimulus Electric stimulus is increased in small
increments until thepatient can feel the stimulus Toothpaste or
prophy paste is used to conduct the currentfrom the pulp tester to
the tooth
Loupes
operating microscope
operating microscope LoupesIllumination and magnification are
vital forthe location of root canals. The endodontist would use
asurgical microscope while a general dental practitionermight have
loupes and a headlight that give excellentmagnification and
illumination .