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OBJECTIVES
Learn about :The history of Passive Solar
Energy efficient design
Energy end uses
Passive Heating and Passive Cooling
Daylighting
Renewables
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The History of Passive Solar
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5thCentury BC Greece
Community Planning employed passive solar design.
Diminished fuel sources brought design changes.
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Passive Solar in Ancient Greece
Aristotle noted, builders made sure to
shelter the north side of the house to
keep out the cold winter winds.
And Socrates, who lived in a solar-
heated house, observed, "In houses
that look toward the south, the sunpenetrates the portico in winter"
which keeps the house heated in
winter.
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Cross section of a Roman heliocaminus.
The term means "sun furnace."
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Roman heliocaminus
The Romans used the term to describe
their south-facing rooms. They became
much hotter in winter than similarly
oriented Greek homes because theRomans covered thei r window
spaces w i th m ica or g lass while the
Greeks did not.
S l G h
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Solar Greenhousesfrom Ancient Rome to 18thCentury
Europe
Canvas covered the glass in the evenings to hold in heat.
With the fall of the Roman Empire, so too came the collapse
of glass for centuries in either buildings or greenhouses.
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19thCentury Solar Remodel
with attached greenhouse
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Heritage:
Anastasi Indians
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Southwest AdobeOrientation, control & thermal mass
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Adobe = Thermal Mass
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The colonial "salt box" house, typical of
New England architecture of the 18th
century.
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Maximizes Southern Exposure
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Village Homes subdivision built in the
late 1970s in Davis, California. The
layout of the subdivision allowed everyhouse to face the winter sun.
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Today
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Generation and use of energy
(electric, gas, oil, coal) are major
contributors to air pollution andglobal climate change.
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And pollution of our
rivers.
MOUNTAIN TOP REMOVAL
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Improving energy efficiency and using
renewable energy sources are effective
ways to improve air quality and reducethe impacts of global warming
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Energy efficiency is a cornerstone of
any green building project.
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Passive Solar Design
The 47-degree difference in the altitude
of the sun at solar noon between winter
and summer forms the basis of passive
solar design.
Passive solar building design revolves
around 5 main aspects;
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Aperature: The set of windows and overhangs
that determine how much sun enters the
building. Absorber: The material that the suns ray come
into contact with.
Thermal Mass: The material that stores the
suns thermal energy for re-release aftersundown.
Dist r ibut ion: The means by which the thermal
energy is released to the living/working spaces. Cont ro l: The techniques used to control the
collection and distribution of the sun's thermal
energy.
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Design Aspects:
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Passive Solar Design
Themes: Direct Gain: Sunlight shines into and
warms the living space.
Indirect Gain: Sunlight warms thermal
storage, which then warms the livingspace.
Isolated Gain: Sunlight warms another
room (sunroom) and convection bringsthe warmed air into the living space.
P i S l H t
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Passive Solar Heat
Passive solar design can reduce heating
temperatures by 30-50% Windows need to be incorporated within
30 degrees of due south
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indirect gain systems
In the indirect gain, a storage mass
collects and stores heat directly from
the sun and then transfers heat to the
interior space. There are several indirect
gain passive solar systems :
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Indirect Gain Water Wall
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Trombe Wall
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Isolated Gain Space:
Sunroom
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Passive Solar Design Aspects
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PASSIVE COOLINGPlant deciduous trees for shade
Natural ventilation is a key cooling strategy
Install window overhangs and awnings
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Deciduous Shade Trees
Primarily shade windows and paved areas Keep trees an appropriate distance from the
house and utility lines
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Shade trees can reduce summer
air-conditioning costs by 25 40%.
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Trees can create a microclimatethat is up to 15 degrees cooler
than the surrounding area.
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Trees also clean the air, create habitat and
play areas for children as well as add
aesthetic beauty to the neighborhood.
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Overhang and Awnings
Overhangs are important parts of
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Overhangs are important parts of
passive solar heating and natural
cooling.
O
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Awnings and Overhangs
Help keep the heat of the sun out
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Help keep the heat of the sun outduring the summer.
W d t lli
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Wood trellises
Arbors
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Arbors
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Adjustable or demountable
awnings made of fabric or metal
All h t t t d i th i t
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Allow heat to enter during the winter.
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DAYLIGHTING
What is Daylighting?
Energy Savings
Productivity, Health and Well Being
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This?
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Or This?
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Cl Wi d
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Clerestory Windows
Modeling with the Heliodon
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Modeling with the Heliodon
Heliodon at PG&E Energy
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Heliodon at PG&E EnergyCenter
Daylight modeling with
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Daylight modeling withHeliodon
Daylight after construction
Daylighting Saves Energy
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Daylighting Saves Energy
and Improves Productivity
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Deck Mounted Skylight
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Sun tracking systems
Sk li ht
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Skylights
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Solar Tubes:
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Solar Tubes:
Inexpensive, Easy to install
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And very effective
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And very effective
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REVIEW OBJECTIVES Learn about :
The history of Passive SolarEnergy efficient design
Passive Heating
Passive CoolingDaylighting
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