Conflicts in Sudan are broken up into two main periods of time
1983-2003 : Several Areas of Sudan 2003-Present : Darfur
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1983-2005 Between Sudanese government and the Sudan Peoples
Liberation Movement/Army Continuation of the first Sudanese civil
war which took place from 1955-1972
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A Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed between SPLM (Sudan
Peoples Liberation Movement) and The Government of Sudan declared
Southern Sudans independence in July 2011
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Roughly 2 million people died as a result of the war due to
famine and disease, 4 million displaced, possibly multiple times
Families broken apart, kicked out of their homes, children removed
and forced to fight as soldiers
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1989-Present The Abyei Region, South Kordofan, Nuba Mountains
& Blue Nile
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Raping and murdering of civilians Burning of villages Stealing
of natural resources Increased poverty rate Slavery and mass
killings
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Aerial bombardments and ground attacks directed at farmers,
preventing from planting crops in south Kordofan and Blue Nile Bomb
civilians in the Nuba mountains forcibly cleared civilian areas to
facilitate oil exploration Denial of international humanitarian aid
has set up a crisis that is leading to starvation
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Sudan is located 10,608 km from us, in Northeastern Africa
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The Abyei Region, South Kordofan (Nuba Mountains) & The
Blue Nile
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Forces or groups under command of the government President Omar
al-Bashir Overthrew previous command in 1989 Has been accused of
perpetrating war crimes and crimes against humanity
Slide 14
Regularly deploy troops tanks and local militias against their
own Sudanese citizens Empowered local militias to attack civilian
supporters of the Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A)
across the country These actions are responsible for the deaths of
2 million Sudanese during the 22 year long civil war
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Does history repeat itself in time?
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Make you think of anyone?
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Omar al-Bashir Against Darfurians Janjaweed as personal army
Mass Killings Hitler Against Jews SS as personal army Mass Killings
Although both incidents happened to different extremities, should
we have known it was going to happen? Were there any signs of
it?
Slide 18
Abyei Territory and the States of South Kordofan and Blue Nile
Darfur Nuba Mountains Jebel Marra Area
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1989-2003: Fight for Political Power 2003-Presesnt: Basic
Rights Economic resources Religion and Race North Sudan Muslim
South Sudan Christian Hatred of Each Other
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2003-Present Southern Sudan
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The Abyei Region is the approximate boarder line between the
two areas Issues including the boarder and an agreement over oil
remain unresolved A war has been threatened between north and south
Violence along boarder is limiting delivery of aid and supplies,
which is restricting the ability to grow and harvest life
sustaining food
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600 million people Around 100 tribes Muslim Main conflicts
occur between the local Nomads and Farmers
Slide 24
Soldiers of Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) Allied Janjaweed Militias
Air force Other Armed Radical Groups Two rebels movements; The
Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) and The Justice and Equality
Movement (JEM)
Slide 25
The Government responded to a rebellion in Darfur with a
genocidal campaign against the civilians, killing over 300 thousand
and displacing over 3 million Government is restricting
humanitarian aid for its people, and completely banning it in some
areas, affecting hundreds of thousands
Slide 26
In this crisis, which is still continuing today, People are
fleeing to different countries such as Chad and The Central African
Republic Refugees live in camps with little to no food, shelter or
water Living with constant fear of being raped or killed Living
with constant fear of being raped or killed Fighting off diseases
and illnesses
Slide 27
In September 2004, George Bush declared the crisis in Darfur a
genocide This was the first time a sitting American President had
made such a declaration, regarding an ongoing conflict
Slide 28
Translation man with a gun on a horse Leader Musa Hilal
Operating from 1987-present Arab ethnic nationalism Estimated to be
less than 25000 Operate in Darfur, western Sudan and eastern chad
Previously have had problems with farmers
Slide 29
Currently in conflict with Darfur rebel groups Sudan Liberation
Movement and The Justice and Equality Movement Have been main
players in Darfur conflict Since 2003 Want resources and land
Allied with government Responsible for hundreds of thousands of
deaths Responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_BJOfpJ 8qVE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_BJOfpJ 8qVE
Slide 30
Huge population Extremely poor living conditions Little to no
medical care, leading to diseases and infections spreading fast
Dehydration Malnutrition Physical and mental traumas related to
rape and other types of assaults High ethnic tension
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Women who leave the camps risk rape or harassment if they leave
the camp to access water, firewood, or crops Due to limited access
of aid, they often do not have a choice but to leave the camp
Gender based violence has been used as a tool to apress women
throughout the crisis Due to cultural restrictions, gender based
violence often goes unreported and perpetrators are rarely held
accountable for their crimes
Slide 34
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MdR9SB4yPOo
Slide 35
If someone kicks you out of your house and kills your family,
are you to blame?
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Would two men be able to get away with gang raping a woman in
our society?
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Are we given a monetary value?
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The answer to all these questions is NO!!!
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Why are we not doing anything about it? Or are we trying?
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Why is the Government getting away with this?
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United Nations is not taking the necessary action to stop this
genocide In total, 92 counts of war crimes and crimes against
humanity have been charged The President himself has 2 counts of
war crimes, 5 counts of crimes against humanity and genocide
charges, although he has not been arrested Peacekeeping missions
continue to have not enough resources to be successful
Slide 42
Donate! Donate! The money raised goes towards: Food Water
Shelter Medical Attention, Supplies and Staff Freeing of victims
Raise Awareness!!!