Henry VIII (1509-1547) Tudor King Catholic turned Protestant
Catholic Wife: Catherine of Aragon Daughter: Mary I (Bloody)
Protestant Wife: Anne Boleyn Daughter: Elizabeth I Wife Jane
Seymour Son: Edward VI 3 More wives followed All 3 children served
on the throne of England
Slide 3
King Edward IV (1547-1553) Son of Henry VIII from Jane Seymour
Protestant First Heir to throne after Henry VIII
Slide 4
Queen Mary I - Bloody Mary (1553-1558) Restored Catholicism
Married Philip II, Son of Charles V of Spain Persecuted
Protestants
Slide 5
Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603) The Virgin Queen never marries
But marries England Protestant - Anglican Defeats Catholic Philip
II and the Spanish Armada Passes Act of Uniformity Act of Supremacy
Executes her cousin, Mary Queen of Scots (Catholic) Needs $,
Joint-stock co.
Slide 6
Mary Queen of Scots (1542-1567) Executed by Elizabeth
Elizabeths cousin Conspired against Elizabeth, though she was
Elizabeths cousin Fought against John Knox (Presbyterian) Roman
Catholic The Reformation in England
Slide 7
Slide 8
James VI Becomes James I (1603-1625) Son of Mary Stuart, only
relative to Elizabeth able to be heir Believed in Divine Right of
Kings Clashes with Parliament He thought he was above asking
parliament for $ Absolute Ruler Puritans again asked for reform
Like Elizabeth, Church is Monarchs business, not parliament
Slide 9
Charles I (1625-1649) Son of James I Divine Right Forced to
sign Petition of Right Dissolved Parliament and avoided them for 11
years Religion finally led to Civil War Archbishop William Laud
(Scots must follow Church of England) Charles needed $ to fight
Scots, so he had to call Parliament Parliament passed laws to limit
kings powers Charles stormed parliament with soldiers England
divided!
Slide 10
Puritan Revolution Cavaliers v Roundheads Roundheads win and
try Charles I for treason He is convicted and beheaded
Slide 11
CavaliersV.Roundheads
Slide 12
Cromwell the Military Dictator 1649-1658 First constitution in
a European Nation Claimed to be a Republic No merrymaking! Led
massacre in Ireland when they attempted to gain freedom The English
wanted a King again!
Slide 13
Restoration Monarchy Charles II Son of Charles I NO Divine
Right Theater, Arts & Merrymaking restored Habeas Corpus
Argument over religion Rise of political parties Whigs (Against
James II) Tories (For James II) James II Son of Charles I Claimed
Divine Right Catholic (even Tories abandoned him) Due to fear that
he would enforce Catholicism as the new state religion Whigs and
Tories planned to replace James
Slide 14
The Glorious Revolution A Bloodless Transition of Power William
& Mary William of Orange (Protestant prince of the Netherlands)
Mary (Protestant daughter from James IIs first wife) Compromise
with Parliament for Limited Monarchy English Bill of Rights No
suspending parliaments laws No taxes without parliaments approval
Freedom of speech for parliamentarians No standing army in time of
peace No excessive bail
Slide 15
Early Enlightenment: Philosophers Thomas Hobbes Influence:
Beheading of Charles I Nature of Man: Evil, Stupid, Self-serving
Government: Absolute Monarch Author of: Leviathan John Locke
Influence: Glorious Revolution Nature of Man: Innately good and
capable of reason Government: Democracy Thomas Jefferson