Driving the BlockchainWhy Bitcoin (& Ethereum) Matter in Automotive
Steve (Joe) Ratheram. ([email protected])
V2N
V2P
V2V
V2I
Safety
Vehicle hacking is a threat. CAN Bus & OBD Protocol - broken! Security by obscurity - over!. Current crypto protection - poor! IP/CAN gateways key attack surfaces. Mediation adds complexity.
Security
Safety is Security. Internet - broken! Servers are a single point of failure. Trusted authorities are a problem. CAVs cannot rely on centralised V2I. Mediation introduces friction.
Standards & Legislation Costs of failure punitive. e.g VW, Jeep,... Cyber-security standards emerging. Managing driver & vehicle ID. Ownership VS Usership models Mobility as a Service. Privacy VS Accountability. Permission is a barrier.
Connectivity & Convergence Consumer electronics & SW driven Market differentiation & disruption. Transition to IP based architecture. Connectivity Immersive. Threat Unknown. “If the service is free you are the product” Intelligent Transport Systems [ITS].
Automotive V2x Challenges
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Safety
Prevent cyber physical access. Protect identity & location data. Enable secure OTA SW updates.. Remote Diagnostics & Service Trust is an essential marque value. Privacy an essential product attribute.
Security
Aim to de-centralised P2P -> V2X Use asymmetric ECDSA + SHA crypto.. Pseudonym Mgt. High entropy RNG Hardware Secure Modules. Ensuring end-2-end message integrity. Malware Proof Transaction Signing.
Connectivity & Convergence
Secure vehicle architectures, V2X Communications & connected Apps.
Authentication, Identity, Integrity, Availability, Non Repudiation, Access Control, Revocation, Repeal.
Collaborative Transport Systems [C-ITS].
Scaling the Connected Car
Standards & Legislation
Data Protection Component Fraud Prevention Ownership & Identity Accountability. Pseudonymity & Privacy. Solution is balance of tech, £, social,
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Automotive V2x with Bitcoin
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Benefits Open Source Global P2P Protocol Decentralised & Pseudonymous Frictionless & Permission-less Consensus Network Distributed Proof of Work Immutable Blockchain Money as a Content Type Secure.
Applications Notarisation & Time-stamping. Vehicle & Driver ID. Component Identity & Certification.. Secure OTA SW & Digital Content. Service Tool authentication V2X Micro-payments Pay per use performance updates Services, tolls, parking, fines. Being paid for passing on SW updates
Security Market Cap £15.4 BN Size of Blockchain = 130 GB Confirmation Time - 10 mins Hashrate (4.2017 | 3.2 Ehash/s)
e.g. Odometer Data.
“ How did we end up with, within four years, the most powerful payment processing system on the planet - built by Geeks in their garages without anyone noticing ? “ (A. Antonopoulos).
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Automotive V2x with Ethereum
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“Smart contracts can substitute an army of lawyers, accountants, and
policemen,” said Nick Szabo,
Applications Notarisation & Time-stamping V2X Micro-payments e.g. Electric Vehicle Charging. Remote Diagnostics Mobility / location based services V2X Smart Contracts (lights, gates) V2X tokens of exchange Rewards & Incentives Driver Sells Data P2P
var MyContract = web3.eth.contract(abi);var myContractInstance = MyContract.at('0x78e97bcc5b5dd9ed228fed7a4887c0d7287344a9');// watch for an event with {some: 'args'}var events = myContractInstance.allEvents({fromBlock: 0, toBlock: 'latest'});events.watch(function(error, result){ ... });
Benefits Open Source Global P2P Protocol Decentralised & Pseudonymous Frictionless & Permission-less Consensus Network Distributed Proof of Work Sake Immutable Blockchain ? Digital Bearer Instrument Secure?
Security Market Cap 0.904 BN (BTC/20) Size of Blockchain = 30 GB Confirmation Time - 0.2..2 mins Hashrate (4.2017 |250 Thash/s) ETH/BTC Hashrate 1/190,000..
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#BitCar - Vehicle Crypto Node
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Bitcoin Core Node
Ethereum GETH Node
Default GUI with Authentication
VSS
User Apps
Chrome
APPLICATIONS
JSON
Node.JS (etc. API)
USBSecure Element
WiFi
Bluetooth
CAN/ OBD etc.
Built-in Bitcoin, Litecoin, Alt-Coin & Ethereum (Smart Contract aware)
Wallets
Malware Proof HSMwith 2FA
USER
DEVELOPER
FIDO UTF& Key Gen
7” Touch Screen Display & Keyboard
VRI
#BitCar - Vehicle Crypto Node
VRI = Vehicle Remote Interaction
VSS = Vehicle Sub System
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Beyond Bitcoin V2x
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V2X
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M2MP2P
SegWit eases UTXO burden. Lightning HLP manages signed but un-broadcast Bitcoin TX - like a Bar Tab Lower mining fees - offchain TX Protocol supporters earn fees Confirmation Time - 1 mSec
“Not just driver-less cars, but owner-less firms. Imagine in the future - summoning a taxi
that not only has no driver, but that belongs to a computer network,
not to a human being. The network has raised funds, signed contracts,
and taken delivery of vehicles, even though its headquarters is distributed all over the net.”
The Evolution of Everything [Matt Ridley]
Democratic, collaborative transport systems Shared social rewards & security incentives Open platform for monetising vehicle data Privacy centric V2X micro-transactions Technocratic not Autocratic Trust in Math Code is Law
KEY LESSONS Not your keys not your money. Successful Blockchains are OPEN & PUBLIC Openness stimulates immunity Scale and diversity essential. Social security reward for shared Security risk.
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Driver-Vehicle-Environment [DVE]MODEL [HIL / SIL / MIL / AIL ]
GATEWAY
Attackerin
theLoop
YAW Sensor IPKSteering ANGLE
ThreatModel
Threat Simulation
LINMS-CAN
GATEWAYEthernet
Wi-Fi
Useful?Try
Again?
Thanks
Detection
Mitigation
API
Tested in the Wild TM
If the connectivity is immersive and the threat unknown.
Then immunity is best developed by persistent mass exposure.
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Opt. STD tool files. Proprietary or Open-Source
DSCEMS
HS_CAN
Data
Request
TORQUEINTERVENTION
Would you like to play
a Game?
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“Crowd sourced - crypto rewarded - distributed testing of automotive cyber connected systems”.
The big idea is to adopt the “Nakamoto Consensus” protocol to aggregate the hashing power of all of the ECUs in vehicle. In fact all of the ECU's in an
entire fleet of vehicles - to thwart attackers - thereby changing the economics of attacking the vehicle.
Embedded vehicle systems might still mine a coin or token but would need a
less onerous proxy for Bitcoin proof of work such as proof-of-safety?..
Then to extend the coin into the marque eco-system to be exchanged for other crypto currencies in order to reward support.
Beyond Bitcoin V2x
The Revolution will be The Revolution will be DecentralisedDecentralised
Open SourceDistributedSecureGlobalPeer to PeerFrictionlessPermission-lessInnovationplatform
1BfyUUwsCia4t8h3BpxyQ7zZUysznR4MqD
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More ...Training - An Introduction to Crypto-Currencies.
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UK LedgerReseller &Integrator
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