LEARNING DISABILITY
Dr Dhaval Mody
DEFINITION
A Disorder manifested by difficulty in learning
to read despite conventional instructions, adequate intelligence and socio cultural opportunities, it is dependent upon fundamental cognitive disabilities which
are frequently of constitutional origin
VRUDHI
DEFINITION
A Child is said to have learning disability when
there is a marked difference between the intellectual potential of the child and
his/her actual academic performance inspite of
equal economic, cultural and social opportunities
to learn.
VRUDHI
CAUSES
Inherited or genetic
Acquired
Maternal Malnutrition
Trauma to head during birth or
through accident
drugsVRUDHI
COMMON LEARNING DISABILITIES
Dyslexia
Dyscalculia
Dysgraphia
Dyspraxia
AREAS OF DIFFICULTY
Spoken Language: delays, disorders & deviations in listening and speaking.
Written Language: difficulties with reading, writing and spelling
Arithmetic: difficulty in performing arithmetic operations
AREAS OF DIFFICULTY
Reasoning: difficulty in organising and integrating thoughts.
Memory: difficulty in remembering information and instructions.
MANIFESTATIONS
Physical
Cognitive
Behavioural
Academic
PHYSICAL
General Awkwardness
Poor Visual Motor Coordination
Confusion between Left & Right
Difficulty in concentration
Hyperactivity
COGNITIVE
Difficulty with concept of time
Distorted concept of body image
Difficulty in differentiating between shape, size and colour
Poor organisational skills
Difficulty with abstract Thinking
BEHAVIOURAL
Low Frustration Tolerance
Impulsive behaviour
Mood Swings
Difficulty in making decisions
Overly excitable during group play
ACADEMIC
Reversals in reading and writing
Difficulty with copying from blackboard
Difficulty with sequencing tasks
Inability to follow multiple instructions
CHECK LIST
History of slow speech development
Confusion between left and right
Undermined hand preference
Difficulty in fastening buttons, tying shoe
laces.
Difficulty naming objects VRUDHI
CHECK LIST
Difficulty understanding directions in / out.
Does not respond immediately when called out.
Difficulty carrying out sequence of instructions
Frequent Falls / accidents
Very messy handwriting
VRUDHI
THANK YOU