DIRECTED NUMBERS
Subtopic 1Subtopic 1
Perform computations involving multiplication Perform computations involving multiplication
and division of integers to solve problems.and division of integers to solve problems.
At the end of this subtopic, you will be able to:
I ) multiply integers
II ) solve problems involving multiplication of integers
III) divide integers
IV) solve problems involving division of integers
+
How many items are there ?
= ?
Do you still remember ???
14 + 12 = 26
+ X + = ++ X - = - - X + = - - X - = +
Smart TIPSmart TIP
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 5
NEGATIVE INTEGERS POSITIVE INTEGERS
NEGATIVE DIRECTION POSITIVE DIRECTION
HORIZONTAL NUMBER LINE
VERTICAL NUMBER LINE
P I O NS T I ET GI EV RE S
N I E NG T A ET GI EV RE S
P DO IS RI ET CI TV IE O N
N DE IG RA ET CI TV IE O N
To multiply integers:1. face the number to be multiplied2. move forward if the sign of the other number is +.3. move backward if the sign of the other number is –.
-2 X 4
sign
Other number
Number to be multiplied
Solve the following:Solve the following:
Face negative direction and move 2 steps
backward 4 times
-2 X 4 = (-2) + (-2) + (-2) + (-2) = -8
-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
Solve the following:Solve the following:
4 X 2 4 X 2
= (2) + (2) + (2) + (2)= (2) + (2) + (2) + (2)
= 8= 8
Face positive direction and move 2 steps forward 4 times
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Solve the following:Solve the following:
(a)(a)6 X (-5) 6 X (-5)
(b)(b)-4 X (-9) -4 X (-9)
(c)(c) -4 X (-2) X (-3)-4 X (-2) X (-3)
(d)(d)-7 X 6 X (-2)-7 X 6 X (-2)
HOT TIPS+ X + = +- X + = -+ X - = -- X - = +
= - 30= 36
= -24
= 84
+ + = ++ - = - - + = -- - = +
Smart TIPSmart TIP
÷÷÷÷
If there are like signs, the answer is positive.If there are unlike signs, the answer is negative.
To divide integers
-division is the process of equal sharing or equal grouping
+EXAMPLE:
+ +++
+ + + + +
+ +
+
++
+
+
++
+
++
+ +
12 ÷ 3= 4
Example:
-
- ---
- - - - -
- -
-
--
-
-
--
-
--
- -
-12 ÷ 3 = -4
Division is the inverse of multiplication
12 ÷ 3 = 4 , then, 3 X 4 = 12
-12 ÷ 3 = - 4, then, 3 X ( -4) = -12
Since – 3 X 4 = - 12, then, - 12 ÷ ( - 3 ) = 4.
Since - 3 X ÷ ( - 4 ) = 12, then, 12 ÷ ( - 3 ) = - 4
EXERCISE1. 8 ÷ (-2 )2. -63 ÷ ( -7)3. -40 ÷ 4 ÷ 54. 48 ÷( - 8) ÷(-2)
At the end of this subtopic, you will be At the end of this subtopic, you will be able to:able to:
I ) perform computations involving combined I ) perform computations involving combined operations of addition, subtraction, operations of addition, subtraction,
multiplication multiplication and division of integers and division of integers
II ) solve problems involving combined II ) solve problems involving combined operations of operations of
addition, subtraction, multiplication and addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of division of
integers including the use of brackets integers including the use of brackets
Subtopic 2Subtopic 2 Perform computation involving combined Perform computation involving combined operation of addition, subtraction, operation of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of integers to solve multiplication and division of integers to solve problemsproblems
Combined Operations on Integers
To perform addition , subtraction, multiplication and division on integers
Examples:
Evaluate : a) -2 + 5 – 7 = 3 – 7 = - 4
b) – 6 X (- 4) ÷ ( - 3 ) = 24 ÷ ( - 3 ) = - 8
Do the operations from left to right
EXERCISE
Calculate:a) 7 + 3 – 15
b) -2 – 11 + 3
c) -3 – ( -2 ) – 8
d) - 8 – 13 – (- 6)
e) - 9 + ( - 6) – 12
f) - 15 + (-7) –(-12)
EXERCISE
a) 4 X (- 3) ÷ 2
b) - 5 X ( - 8) ÷ 10
c) - 12 X (- 2) ÷ (-8)
d) - 40 ÷ 8 X (- 11)
e) - 128 ÷ 4 X ( - 3 )
f) - 9 X (- 8) ÷ (- 12)
At the end of this subtopic, you will be At the end of this subtopic, you will be able to:able to:
I ) compare and order fractionsI ) compare and order fractions
II ) perform addition, subtraction, multiplication II ) perform addition, subtraction, multiplication or or
division on fractions division on fractions
Subtopic 3Subtopic 3
Extend the concept of integers to fractions to Extend the concept of integers to fractions to
solve problemssolve problems
+
?
How much is left, in fraction ?
Positive and Negative Fractions
*A positive fraction has a ‘+’ sign before it or has no sign. Example: 1 , 3 4 7
•A negative fraction has a ‘–’ sign before it. Example: 1 , 5 4 9
+
- -
divide the number line to equal parts according to the LCM of the denominators
-1 2
-1 0 12
12
1-5 6
16
13
23
56
1 3
-1 3
-1 6
-4 6
Complete the fractional number line
-3 6
36
8 6
7 6
46
-2 6
26 1 1-2
3
Arrange the following fractions in ascending order.
5
4
7
5
10
7
,
and
1075
1074
, 1057
1055
7510
757
350
280
350
250350
245
350
245
350
250350
280
10
7
7
55
4< <
To perform addition and subtraction on fractions.
3
2
9
7
3
2
9
7
33
32
9
7
9
6
9
7
9
1
HOT TIPS+ X + = +- X + = -+ X - = -- X - = +
Example 1
Example 2
2
1
8
5
4
3
2
1
8
5
4
3
82
81
28
25
44
43
16
81012
16
6
8
3
HOT TIPS+ X + = +- X + = -+ X - = -- X - = +
To multiply and divide fractions
Example 1
9
11
4
3
9
10
4
3
6
5
Example 2
9
4
3
21
9
4
3
5
4
9
3
5
4
15
4
33
Multiply by the reciprocal
of 4 9
Change to mixed number
Change to improper fraction
HOMEWORK
Exercise 1.3C
No. 1(a), (e)
2(a), (e)
3(a), (f)
4(a), (e)
At the end of this subtopic, you will be At the end of this subtopic, you will be able to: able to:
I ) compare and order decimals.I ) compare and order decimals.
II ) perform addition, subtraction, II ) perform addition, subtraction, multiplication or multiplication or
division on decimals. division on decimals.
Subtopic 4Subtopic 4Extend the concept of integers to decimal Extend the concept of integers to decimal to solve problemsto solve problems
What is the balance of the money?
RM 1.20 each RM 5.60
SPECIMEN
Positive and Negative Decimals
There are positive and negative decimals.
Positive decimals are greater than zero.
Negative decimals are smaller than zero.
-1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 -1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0
To compare and order decimals
Decimals can be marked on a number line.
-0.7 < -0.2
To add and subtract decimals.
Example :
a) 6.4 + ( - 4.8 )
= 6.4 – 4.8
= 1.6
b) – 9.25 – ( - 4.36 ) – 5.12
= -9.25 + 4.36 – 5.12
= - 4.89 – 5.12
= - 10.01
Exercise
Calculate:
1. a) - 3.5 + 2.6
b) 4.2 + 1.5
c) -1.1 + 9.9
d) -6.2 + ( -7.9)
e) 2.3 – 1.9
f) -1.8 – 9.2
2. a) -2.51 + 9.62 + 2.1
b) 1.13 + (- 4.78) + (- 5.9)
c) - 0.92 + (- 3.19) + 7.2
d) – 2.16 – 3.47 – 4.8
e) 9.23 – 12.4 – 4.8
To multiply and divide decimals
Example 1
1.3 X ( - 2.5 ) 1.3X 2.5 6 5 2 6 3.2 5
= -3.25
Example 2
2.0
34.6
2
4.63
= -31.7
2) 63.431.7
632141414-
At the end of this subtopic, you will be able At the end of this subtopic, you will be able to:to:
I ) perform addition, subtraction, multiplication or I ) perform addition, subtraction, multiplication or
division involving two directed numbers. division involving two directed numbers.
II ) perform computations involving combination II ) perform computations involving combination of two of two
or more operations on directed numbers or more operations on directed numbers including including
the use of brackets. the use of brackets.
III) pose and solve problems involving directed III) pose and solve problems involving directed numbersnumbers
Subtopic 5Subtopic 5
Perform computation involving directed Perform computation involving directed
numbers (integers, fractions and decimals)numbers (integers, fractions and decimals)
Smart TIPSmart TIPSmart TIPSmart TIP
BODMAS is a mathematical rule to determine the order of calculation
B is for brackets
O is for power of
M is for multiplication
A is for addition
S is for subtraction
D is for division
Evaluate the following:Evaluate the following:
1)1)
2) 8 X (-4.5 )2) 8 X (-4.5 )
3) 3)
65
23
)2(4
15
CalculateCalculate
1) ( -6 + 10 ) X 51) ( -6 + 10 ) X 5
2)2)
3) 3)
8
5)7
6(
12
5
1.2)4
31(5
What have we learnt?
JAMALIAH BT AWANG
WAN SUPIAH BT HJ. YUSUF
WAN KHATIJAH BT WAN ABDULLAH
ZAINON BT BASIRION
HULU SELANGOR
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