DR: NAJEEB MEMON
Asst: Professor
COMMUNITY MEDICINE & P.H.S
LUMHS, JAMSHORO
Sind, PAKISTAN
e mail [email protected]
DROPLET INFECTION
DROPLET INFECTION
Direct projection of spray of droplets of
Saliva
Nasopharyngeal secretionsduring
coughing
sneezing
speaking
& spitting
talking in to surrounding atmosphere
DROPLET INFECTIONDiseases transmitted:-
Meningitis
Common cold
Diphtheria
Pertusis (Whooping cough)
TB
RTIs
Pertusis(Whooping Cough)
Diphtheria
Pertusis(Whooping Cough)
Diphtheria
highly contagious disease, cause classic spasm (paroxyms) of uncontrollable coughing, high pitched intake of air which create characteristic “WHOOP” sound.
Infectious disease caused by the Corynebacteriumspecies of bacteria and is most often associated with a sore throat, fever, & the development of an adherent membrane on the tonsils and/or nasopharynx.
Definition
PertusisDiphtheria
Causative Agent Corny bacterium
Diphtheria B. Pertusis
PertusisDiphtheria
Sources (cases and carriers)nasopharyngeal
secretions, skin lesion discharge, contaminated fomites and infected dust
(Cases)Nasopharyng: Sec: Bronchial Sec: Objects by discharge.
PertusisDiphtheria
Host Fact:Age: Children 1-5 Ys:Sex: Both SexesImmunity: First few wks or Months
Age: Infants & PreschoolSex: Female > MaleImmunity: No Maternal bodies to Infant.
ByDroplet InfectionInf: Cutaneous Lesion
PertusisDiphtheria
Mode of Transmission
DirectIndirect
PertusisDiphtheria
Incub: Period
Clinical Feat:
2-6 Days
1. Pharyngeal2. Laryngeal3. Nasal4. Cutaneous
7-21 Days
1. Catarrhal Stage (1-2 wks)2. Paroxysmal stage (4-6 wks)
3. Convalescent Stage
PertusisDiphtheria
Diagnosis Throat swab
Schick Test
1. CBC (Lymphocytosis)2. CXR (Perihilar
infiltration, atelectasis,emphysema)
3. ELISA (To detect IgM, IgG, IgA)
4. Nasopharyngeal swab (Mainly in stage-I)
PertusisDiphtheria
Control Measures
Early detection of cases & carriers
IsolationTreatment
(a) Cases(i) Diphtheria Antitoxin I/M or I/V
(depend upon severity)(ii) Benzyl Pencil: 2 lac u x 6 hrlyOR Erythromycin 250 mg x 6 hrs
for 5-6 days
(b) CarriersErythromycin 250 mg x 6 hrs for 10
days
R/Antibiotics
(Erythr, Ampicillin, Septran)
Antitussive,Sedatives,Steam inhal:
Avoid cough provoking Factors(Dust, smoke, excitement)
Preventive MeasuresVaccinationErythromycin (< 2 Ys for 10 days)
Birth BCG+OPV6 weeks 1st PENTAVALENT+OPV+ Pn10 weeks 2nd PENTAVALENT+OPV+ Pn14 weeks 3rd PENTAVALENT+OPV+ Pn9 months 1st Measles2nd year (15 months) 2nd Measles
PENTAVALENT = (DPT + Hep B + HIB)
EPI Vaccination Schedule
THANX
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