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Older than
invention of mobile
phone(April 1973)
Was developed
during or on basis
during world-war I
First time used in
Germany
Between Berlin to
Zossen in military
trains in 1918
Public trials
between Berlin to
Hamburg in 1924
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0 signifies invention of the technology
Mobile Radio Telephone System
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Types Of 0G:
O G
PPT MTS IMTS OLT
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PPT(Push To Talk)
Also known as
Press To
Transmit
Half Duplex
communicationOnly one person
can talk at a
time and other
should hear
Example :
Conversationbetween aero
plane pilot and
traffic controller
at airport
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MTS(Mobile Radio Telephone
System)
Used in
1946
Transceivers
are used
Whole area
is dividedinto sections
and each
section had
a base
station
Every
section had
its own
frequency
Due to very
large sizeMTS phone
were
installed in
trains or in
vehicles
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IMTS(Improved mobile
telephone system)
Progression
of MTS
Installation
of high
powered
transmitter
to cover
large range
Same
frequency
was used(so
base
stations
were to be
located
distantly toavoid
interference)
Full duplex
system
Voice/soundcan be
transmitted
and received
at both ends
simultaneou
sly.
No need to
contact
telephone
operator for
calling
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OLT
Offentlig Landmobile Telefoni or Public Land Mobile
Telephony
Developed by Teverket(Norway)
in 1966
It supported both half way and
full way duplex system
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1st generation system
Also known as AdvancedMobile Phone System(AMPS)
Based on analogue cellular
system
Introduced in 1978 in USA
Played vital role of moving
mass to use mobile phones
Only voice calling was
possible
1G
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2G:
2nd generation mobilenetwork system
Introduced in 90s
Digital Cellular System
FAX, SMS and emailservices were introduced.
Being digital in nature, it
was difficult to eavesdrop
2G proved to be a leap
forward (especially in India)
2G
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Semi Global Roaming System
Connectivity all over the world
In spite of being superseded by other
technologies like 3G and 4G, etc.; it
is most used widely
It divided in 2 typesTDMA
CDMA
GSM (TDMA type) is used by almost
80% total subscribers
CDMA is used by almost by 17% of
them.
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Short lived mobile technologies
between 2G and 3G2.5G
introduction of GPRS
Serious improvements like
packet switching, WAP, MMS,etc.
2.75G
Also called as EDGE (Enhanced
Data Rates for GSM Evolution)
Considerable increase in data
speeds
2.5G
&
2.75G
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3rd generation
Main idea was
standardization of
mobile network
technology across theglobe
Under IMT-2000
supports both circuit
switched and packet
data systems
3G
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Very high spectrum efficiency
In both GSM and CDMA
Data speeds up to 2Mbps
Advantages like
Alternate billing
methods(pay-per-bit, pay
per-session, flat rate,
symmetric bandwidth)
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4th generation mobile
network system
Descendent of 3G standards
Ultra broadband
Substitute for DSL and cable
network
Speed up to 20
Mbps(currently)
Can reach up to 1 Gbps
4G
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Supports IP based system IP
protocol. Two technologies of 4G:
Mobile WiMax2
LTE advanced
Applications: 3D conferencing
ePayment
Two Major technologies:
WiMax2 LTE advanced
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WiMax2 :
Up to 30 to 40 Mbps and
1Gbps at selected locations
Introduced in South Korea
in 2006 in 2nd quarter
By end of 2008, it had 350million subscribers
By end of 2011, it had more
than 1 billion subscribers
WiMax2
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Introduced in
Moscow, Russia inOctober 2012
Developed by
Yota(Russia)
LTE
Advanced
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Investment in spectrum
Capital Expenditure
Operational Expenses
Out of reach of masses
Security issues
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