CXICXISébastien [email protected]
CXI Reference Laser SystemCXI Reference Laser System Preliminary Design Review Preliminary Design Review
WBS 1.3.3WBS 1.3.3
Sébastien Boutet – CXI Instrument ScientistPaul Montanez – CXI Lead EngineerKay Fox – CXI Mechanical Designer
March 3, 2009
CXICXISébastien Boutet - [email protected] Montanez – [email protected]
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Outline
CXI OverviewReference Laser Physics RequirementsPreliminary Design and AnalysesDesign InterfacesControlsSafetyCost & ScheduleSummary
CXICXISébastien Boutet - [email protected] Montanez – [email protected]
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Coherent Diffractive Imaging of Biomolecules
Combine 105-107 measurements into 3D dataset
Noisy diffraction pattern
LCLS pulse
Particle injection
One pulse, one measurement
Gösta Huldt, Abraham Szöke, Janos Hajdu (J.Struct Biol, 2003 02-ERD-047)
Wavefront sensor or second detector
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CXI Instrument Location
XCS
AMO(LCLS)
CXIEndstation
XPP
Near Experimental Hall
Far Experimental Hall
X-ray Transport Tunnel
Source to Sample distance : ~ 440 m
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Far Experimental Hall
Coherent X-ray ImagingInstrument
CXI ControlRoom
Lab Area
X-ray Correlation SpectroscopyInstrument
Hutch #6
XCS Control Room
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CXI Instrument Design
1 micron focusKB system (not shown)
0.1 micronKB system
Sample Chamber
Detector Stage
Diagnostics &Wavefront Monitor
Particle injector
LCLS Beam
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Reference Laser Purpose
PurposeRough alignment of the experiment without the X-ray beamProvides a visible line to align componentsGuarantee the detector hole is aligned with the LCLS beam
CXI DetectorCXI Detector Stage
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Requirements
Performance RequirementsSpan full length of CXI HutchNon-concurrent use of the laser and X-ray beamStability
Short term (a few days)5% of laser beam width
Long term (a few months)15% of laser beam width
Size RequirementsFWHM 5.5 mm or less
Highly collimated beam
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RequirementsPositioning Requirements
Two settingsIn or Out
Change settings in ~10 sec or less10 mm stay-clear when in the Out positionDeflected and focused by the X-ray KB mirrors
Laser to simulate distant LCLS sourceLCLS and laser centroid aligned to 100 microns
Over full length of CXI HutchRepeatable pointing to 100 microns over full length of hutch
100 microns over 20 meters5 µrad pointing repeatability
KB Mirrors
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Requirements
Vacuum Requirements10-7 Torr pressureUseable with any part of the instrument vented to air
Window valves all the way down the beamline
Controls RequirementsRemotely change In and Out stateAlignment with LCLS beam performed remotelySpatial overlap to be verified with a single diagnostic
LUSI Profile MonitorYAG screen
Multiple monitors to verify pointing4 monitors in total
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Requirements
Safety RequirementsVisible laser
Class 3R or less
Contained in an enclosureIn-vacuum mirror interlocked with LCLS shutters to prevent the direct beam from hitting the back of the mirror.
CXICXISébastien Boutet - [email protected] Montanez – [email protected]
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Outline (2)
CXI OverviewReference Laser Physics RequirementsPreliminary Design and AnalysesDesign InterfacesControlsSafetyCost & ScheduleSummary
CXICXISébastien Boutet - [email protected] Montanez – [email protected]
14
CXI Reference Laser
1µm K-B System
0.1µm K-B System
Wavefront/IP Monitor
Profile/Intensity-Position Monitors
H6 Beamline
Preliminary Design and Analyses
Performance/Positioning RequirementsReference Laser span full length of CXI HutchSpatial overlap to be verified with a single diagnostic
LUSI Profile MonitorYAG screen
Multiple monitors to verify pointing4 monitors in total
Deflected and focused by the X-ray KB mirrors
Laser to simulate distant LCLS source
CXICXISébastien Boutet - [email protected] Montanez – [email protected]
15
Preliminary Design and Analyses (1)
FEH H6
Motorized center mount w/ collimator
Viewport
100 l/s Ion Pump
In-vacuum motorized center mount w/ mirror
Motorized flipper w/ filter
Optics & Diagnostics Table
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Preliminary Design and Analyses (2)Performance/Positioning Requirements
Two settingsIn or Out
Non-concurrent use of the laser and X-ray beam10mm stay-clear when in the Out position
Mirror must be moved into visible light laser to align beamline components. With safety shutter open and FEL beam on, the mirror is not in danger of being moved into the FEL beam by vacuum loading thereby resulting in a “fail-safe” design
In PositionOut Position
Ø25mm through hole in connecting shaft
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Preliminary Design and Analyses (3)Vacuum Requirements
10-7 Torr pressureUseable with any part of the instrument vented to air
Window valves all the way down the beamline
DCO Vacuum ChamberReference laser will use a slightly modified version of the DCO vacuum chamberLeveraging existing designs (when applicable) reduces our overall engineering/design effort. Additionally, helps to ensure commonality within the LUSI instrumentsThis chamber and its alignment stage have sustained a successful PDR (as part of the Intensity-Position Monitor review held on 9-Jan-09)Vacuum chamber is brazed 304 SST. Short in “Z” direction to conserve space“Z” Axis flanges 6.0 rotatable CFF with bellows module. Flange/bellows assembly is welded to chamber“X” axis ports NR 6.0 CFF brazed to chamber. These ports are available for pumping/viewports/etc.Pressure better than 10-7 Torr
Courtesy T. Montagne
Non-Rotatable CFF
Rotatable CFF
Y
Z
X
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Preliminary Design and Analyses (4)
Travel Range
X 10mm
Y 10mm
Z 10mm
Pitch ≈3˚
Roll ≈ 3˚
Yaw ≈ 3˚
DCO 6 Axis Alignment StageProvides for alignment of Reference Laser vacuum chamber
Courtesy T. Montagne
3X ¾-16 UNF-2B
3X ¼-20 UNC-2A
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Preliminary Design and Analyses (5)
0 10 20 30 40 50P osition (M illim eter)
W u = 8 .80 µ rad U m ax = 1 .48 µ rad W sm ax = 0 .00 µ rad
W a = 8 .51 µ rad U m it = 0 .45 µ rad W sm it = 0 .00 µ rad
R ota torische A bw eichung - S ta tis tische A usw ertung
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5W inke labw eichung (M ikrorad)
Pitch
0 10 20 30 40 50P osition (M illim eter)
W u = 9 .88 µ rad U m ax = 1 .73 µ rad W sm ax = 0 .00 µ rad
W a = 9 .16 µ rad U m it = 0 .71 µ rad W sm it = 0 .00 µ rad
R ota torische A bw eichung - S ta tis tische A usw ertung
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6W inke labw eichung (M ikrorad)
Yaw
Roll
Positioning/Pointing RequirementsLCLS and laser centroid aligned to 100 microns
Over full length of CXI HutchRepeatable pointing to 100 microns over full length of hutch
100 microns over 20 meters5 µrad pointing repeatability
Micos HPS-170 High Precision Stage (with linear encoder)
Bi-directional linear repeatability+/- 0.1µm
Angular repeatabilityPitch/Roll/Yaw < 1.0µrad
52mm strokeOf course we need a stiff structure to generate reproducible results of this order
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Preliminary Design and Analyses (6)Positioning Requirements
Two settingsIn or Out
Change settings in ~10 sec or less
Loading of Micos linear stage (in vertical orientation)Vacuum
SBC P/N 300 – 200 – 4 – XX (O.D. = 3.0in, I.D. = 2.0in)FPressure ≈ 70lb
FSpring Rate ≈ 20lb
GravityFWeight ≈ 10lb
FTotal = FPressure+ FSpring Rate+ FWeight
FTotal ≈ 100lb [450N]
MomentCenter of connecting shaft is offset 2.5in [0.064m] from slide mounting surface
MX ≈ 30 N-m
Micos HPS-170 linear stage is rated for FY = 100N (test data de-rated by a factor of 3) and MX = 300N-m
Add a 5:1 gearbox to obtain FY ≈ 1000N (test data de-rated by a factor of 1.5). With this gearbox the stage velocity is ≈ 7mm/s which means that the mirror can be moved In/Out in ≈ 8 sec Moment load (30N-m) is only ≈ 1/10 of the rated capacity
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Preliminary Design and Analyses (7)Performance Requirement
StabilityShort term (a few days)
5% of laser beam widthLong term (a few months)
15% of laser beam width
Vibration induced steering errors In-vacuum mirror needs to remain stable
Natural frequency above 100Hz to prevent resonance from nearby equipment, i.e. pumps/HVACChoose materials with high elastic modulus, e.g. SST 304
Connecting shaft is a thick walled SST tubeTransverse deformation of beams is the sum of flexure and shear deformation. Shear deformations are usually neglected for the analysis of slender members, for “stout” members shear is likely to have a substantial effect on the natural frequency of the member and that frequency will be substantially lower than that predicted by flexure theory.A “rule-of-thumb” is that the slenderness ratio should be > 10 for slender members
Span/Depth (slenderness ratio) = 7.6 → borderlineCalculate each flavor assuming an undamped, “Fixed-Free” (cantilevered) beam with end mass
Slender beam: f1 ≈ 360HzStout beam: f1 ≈ 1850Hz
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Preliminary Design and Analyses (8)Size/Safety Requirements
FWHM 5.5 mm or lessHighly collimated beam
Visible laserClass 3R or less
Contained in an enclosureOptomechanical parts list
Laser source size = 6.6mm, divergence = 0.007˚. At downstream end of hutch size beam ≈ 9mmLaser enclosure provided primarily to prevent accidental interference with optomechanical equipment – laser is safe (restricted beam viewing, Class 3R)
Device Model Company
Fiber-coupled laser (635nm, 2.5mW, Class 3R)
S1FC635 Thorlabs
Fiber-coupled collimator F810FC-635 Thorlabs
Shearing Interferometer SI100 Thorlabs
Fiber Optic Cable P1-630A-FC-2 Thorlabs
Laser Enclosure (9"x21"x12") XE25C3 Thorlabs
In-vacuum motorized center mount 8817-8-V New Focus
1" Motorized Center Mount 8816-8 New Focus
1" Mirror 5101 New Focus
Neutral Density Filter Set 5247 New Focus
1" Motorized Flipper 8892 New Focus
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Courtesy P.Stefan
FEH
Preliminary Design and Analyses (9)“Ray-trace” for possible location of FEL in the FEH based on steering from M2H through C6
At the nominal Reference Laser location in FEH Hutch 5, possible x-ray beam excursions within ≈ Ø33mm (> Ø25mm through hole in connecting shaft)A collimator will be required upstream of the Reference Laser to prevent unwanted illumination of component surfaces. An ideal location would be upstream of XCS (FEH H4) monochromator in the XRT where the collimator would be common to both instruments
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Design Interfaces
UpstreamVAT Series 10 Gate Valve
Welded bellows assembly on upstream side of vacuum chamber allows for alignment
DownstreamSlits
Welded bellows assembly on downstream side of vacuum chamber allows for alignment
Optics standDCO ICD with XPP defines hole pattern on vacuum chamber alignment stage
Controls GroupThe linear stage uses a standard 2 phase stepper motor (200 steps/rev) Use any controller/driver that can accommodate closed loop stepper with A Quad B encoder feedbackOptomechanics controls
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ControlsSafety & Controls Requirements
In-vacuum mirror interlocked with LCLS shutters to prevent the direct beam from hitting the back of the mirror.Remotely change In and Out stateAlignment with LCLS beam performed remotely
Results of discussions with Controls GroupQuestion Answer
Micos linear stage Can the stepper motor supplied with the selected translation stage be readily controlled?
Yes, we can control this with the MForcePlus2 controller. This controller supports the A quad B remote encoder option.
Micos linear stage limit switches
Can the integrated linear stage motion limit switches be easily be integrated with beamline interlocks?
Yes, they are standard normally-closed limit switches
New Focus Picomotor actuators Can you easily implement control of New Focus Picomotors?
No EPICS driver is listed for any New Focus products on the EPICS hardware page. However, this is a straight forward ASCII string communication device on the RS232 interface, so it should not be a problem. The ethernet interface provides a telnet input where the MCL commands can then be issued, so is similar.
Laser Can you provide remote control of the laser?
Yes, Controls can provide a 0-5V signal to turn the laser on/off
Motorized flipper mount Can you provide remote control of the motorized filter flipper?
Yes, Controls can provide a TTL pulse
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Safety
Laser enclosure provided Restricted beam viewingPrevent accidental interference with optomechanical componentsClass 3R laser
Safety covers will be used on moving elements to prevent “pinch-hazards”Prevent potential for over-pressurization of vacuum system during back-fill or from an accidental increase in pressure due to a system malfunction by providing an ASME UD certified and 10CFR851 compliant UHV burst disk (11.5 psi) in the vacuum region between gate valvesTo comply with OSHA/DOE regulations, all electronics will have certification either through a National Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL) or the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) as per the SLAC Electrical Equipment Inspection Program
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Cost & Schedule
Month end January 2009 data
Arrows indicate baseline dates
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Cost & Schedule (2)
Month end January 2009 dataControl Account / Work Package FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 Cumulative
1.3.03.01 CXI Reference laser
9110331 Design & Engr - CXI Reference Laser BCWS -$ 14,603$ 53,727$ -$ -$ -$ 68,330$
BCWP -$ 15,469$ 3,575$ -$ -$ -$ 19,044$
ACWP -$ 14,125$ 956$ -$ -$ -$ 15,081$
9110332 Procurement - CXI Reference Laser BCWS -$ -$ -$ 23,417$ -$ -$ 23,417$
BCWP -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$
ACWP -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$
9110333 Fab & Assembly - CXI Reference Laser BCWS -$ -$ 19,633$ 13,148$ -$ -$ 32,781$
BCWP -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$
ACWP -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$
9110334 Testing - CXI Reference Laser BCWS -$ -$ -$ 1,199$ -$ -$ 1,199$
BCWP -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$
ACWP -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$
Control Account Totals: BCWS -$ 14,603$ 73,360$ 37,764$ -$ -$ 125,727$
BCWP 15,469$ 3,575$ -$ -$ -$ 19,044$
ACWP 14,125$ 956$ -$ -$ -$ 15,081$
Performance Data
Cumulative to Date At Completion
Control Account ActualWork Package Budgeted Cost Cost Variance Latest
Work Work Work Schedule Cost Budgeted Revised VarianceScheduled Performed Performed Estimate
1.3.03.01 CXI Reference laser
9110331 Design & Engr - CXI Reference Laser 21,333$ 19,044$ 15,080$ (2,289)$ 3,964$ 68,329$ 68,249$ 80$
9110332 Procurement - CXI Reference Laser -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ 23,417$ 23,417$ -$
9110333 Fab & Assembly - CXI Reference Laser -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ 32,781$ 32,781$ -$
9110334 Testing - CXI Reference Laser -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ 1,199$ 1,199$ -$
Control AccountTotals: 21,333$ 19,044$ 15,080$ (2,289)$ 3,964$ 125,726$ 125,646$ 80$
SPI = 0.89
CPI = 1.26
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Summary
Reference Laser preliminary design is well advancedControls issues have been addressed in partnership with the Controls Group and are easily implementedCost/Schedule
No foreseeable schedule issuesNegative schedule variance (cumulative-to-date) is due to effort status at the end of January, we are currently slightly ahead of schedule
Schedule Performance Index (SPI) = 0.89
Positive cost variance (cumulative-to-date) implies that we are efficient in accomplishing the work, i.e. costs are running under budget
Cost Performance Index (CPI) = 1.26
To Do listDesign supports from Optics Stand to laser breadboard and ion pumpDevelop an alignment plan
Design ready to advance to final design
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CXICXISébastien Boutet - [email protected] Montanez – [email protected]
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Supporting Material8817-8-V
Tip angular range ≈ 9˚Tilt angular range ≈ 9˚
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Supporting Material (2)
Vacuum loading
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