CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Using Functions in ExcelUsing Functions in Excel
Objectives: Using Excel functionsSum, Min, Max, Average, CountLarge, Small, Rank RoundCountif & Sumif
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
A Function is a predefined worksheet formula
A Function is a predefined worksheet formula
The advantage of using a function: Saves time Simplifies complex calculations Faster Less chance of typographical errors Fewer characters in the formula bar
Example: instead of =A1+A2+A3+A4+A5use =SUM(A1:A5)
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
The general format of a function is -
Functionname(arguments) Arguments – argument variables are used by the
function to calculate the result. Arguments appear in a specific order.
Syntax – specific format required to use a function its name and order of arguments
Result – the value calculated by the function Algorithm – a step-by-step procedure for
accomplishing some end task.
Functions take arguments and return a resultFunctions take arguments and return a result
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
The SUM FunctionThe SUM Function Syntax: SUM(number1,number2)
Can type into cell, use AutoSum toolbar button or function wizard
Argument: Value or Range of cells to be summed
Algorithm: Arithmetic sum of all values listed in the range argument
Example: In the formula =SUM(B2:B8) * 3 Excel will add the values in cells B2 through B8 and then multiple the result by 3.
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Function WizardFunction Wizard Function wizard: A short-cut to all the
functions in excel (use fx toolbar button) that walks you through building a function
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Using functionsUsing functions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
A B C D E F G H
Grade BookLab1 Lab2 MT Final Total Percent
Total Possible points Honors 10 20 100 200 330
Blue H 9 15 88 186 298 90.3%Jones 5 77 155 237 71.8%Smith H 10 18 91 190 309 93.6%Grey 7 10 75 155 247 74.8%
Highest Score 10 18 91 190 309 93.6%Lowest Score 5 10 75 155 237 71.8%
What formula is written in cell G5 and copied down the column to determine the total points earned by the corresponding student? (grades.xls)
=SUM(C5:F5)
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Valid Range Arguments for a SUM function
A1:A4 - Range along a column A1:D1 - Range along a row A1:D4 - A two-dimensional range
(Block) A1, D3:D5, 7 - non-contiguous cells** not all range arguments of functions can be used
with non-contiguous cells
Arguments of a SUM function Arguments of a SUM function
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Common Functions- with only a range argument
Common Functions- with only a range argument
= SUM(number1,number2 ,…) Sums a range of values = AVERAGE(number1,number2 ,…) Averages a range of values = MIN(number1,number2 ,…) Returns minimum value in a range = MAX(number1,number2 ,…) Returns maximum value in a range
= COUNT(number1,number2 ,…) Returns the number of items in a range
= STDEV(number1,number2 ,…)Returns standard deviation of a the values in the range
Where number1, number2 are 1 to 255 numeric arguments.Arguments can either be numbers, ranged names or ranges of cell references which contain numbers.
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Inserting Rows/Columns into the Data Inserting Rows/Columns into the Data
What would happen to the value in cell B6 if we insert a row between 3 and 4 and add the order# 301 with the quantity of 1000?
(1) Assume the formula in cell B6 is originally =A2+A3+A4+A5
(2) Assume the formula in cell B6 is originally =SUM(A2:A5)
Cell references are modified but the new row is not included with ‘+’. The new row is included with the SUM.
123456
A BOrder# Quantity
234 25244 10299 1345 100
Total: 136
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
How a function’s algorithm can affect the resulting value
How a function’s algorithm can affect the resulting value
How does the Average function algorithm treat blank cells?
What value will result in cell A5 if it contains the formula =AVERAGE(A1:B4)?
12345
A1020
30=AVERAGE(A1:A4)
Blank cells are ignored the resulting value is 20
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Many functions consist of several argument types
Many functions consist of several argument types
LARGE(array, k) Large(B2:B5,2) will return the 2nd highest value in the range B2 to B5
SMALL(array,k) Small(B2:B5,2) will return the 2nd lowest value in the range B2 to B5
What would happen if you tried to use a non-continuous range in these functions =Large(B2:B5,E2:E5,2)?
=Large(B2:B5,E2:E5,2) -- The comma tells the computer the next argument is the criteria – so the range E2:E5 is interpreted as the k value and an error will result.
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Use the Large function to Calculate the total lab score dropping the lowest scoreUse the Large function to Calculate the total lab score dropping the lowest score
The following formula with count only the 4 highest scores: =LARGE(C3:G3,1) + LARGE(C3:G3,2)+
LARGE(C3:G3,3) + LARGE(C3:G3,4) Is this formula always equivalent to
=SUM(C3:G3)-SMALL(C3:G3,1)?
1
2
3
4
5
6
A B C D E F G H
Lab1 Lab2 Lab3 Lab4 Lab5 TOTALBlue H 21 15 12 25 22Jones 15 25 25 24 26Smith H 10 18 5 15Grey 7 10 21 19 17
Grade Book
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Setting up a Ranking Table using the LARGE/SMALL Functions
Setting up a Ranking Table using the LARGE/SMALL Functions
12345
A B C D EQuantity Highest Smallest
25 1 100 110 2 25 101 3 10 25
100
=LARGE(A$2:A$5,C2)
=SMALL(A$2:A$5,C2)
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Ranking a List: RANK(Number, Ref, Order)
Ranking a List: RANK(Number, Ref, Order)
The rank function will give you the rank order of a specific value from a list of values.
Cell I3: =RANK(H3,H$3:H$6,1) – 83 is the third lowest value
Cell J3: =RANK(H3,H$3:H$6,0) – 83 is the second highest value
Notice Lee’s Rank is also 3 and there is no Rank 4
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Syntax: Round (number, num_digits) = Round (24.44,1) results in the value 24.4 What value will result if you write the formula
=Round (B2,0)*10 if cell B2 contains the value 81.3?
How would your write a formula to round the average value in cells Cl:C10 to the nearest ten?
The Round Function changes the precise value of a number, not just its display
The Round Function changes the precise value of a number, not just its display
810
ROUND(AVERAGE(C1:C10),-1)
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
COUNTIF (range*, criteria) –
Range - a continuous cell range
Criteria Syntax:
- A number 6 =COUNTIF(B2:B7,6)
- Text “USA” =COUNTIF(A1:A50,“USA”)
- A cell reference B2 =COUNTIF(C3:C10,B2)
- A Boolean expression “>5” =COUNTIF(A1:A10, “>5”)
The COUNTIF Function counts the number of items in a range that meet a specific criteria.
The COUNTIF Function counts the number of items in a range that meet a specific criteria.
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
A B C D E F1 MT1 MT2 Final Total
2Possible points 100 100 200 400
34 Blue 79 89 169 3375 Jones 85 65 195 3456 Grey 60 97 187 34478 Max 85 97 195 345
How many people scored above 70 points on Midterm 1?
Using the COUNTIF FunctionUsing the COUNTIF Function
=COUNTIF(B4:B6, “>70”)
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
SUMIF(range, criteria, sum-range) Range – Continuous range used to compare the criteriaCriteria – Comparison CriteriaSum-Range - If criteria is met, the computer will sum
corresponding entry in this range The syntax of the criteria is the same as the syntax of
the COUNTIF function:- a number such as 6- text such as “Honor”- a Boolean value such as “<2”- a cell reference such as A1
The SUMIF Function sums the values in a range that meet a specific criteria
The SUMIF Function sums the values in a range that meet a specific criteria
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Simple Examples of Using SUMIFSimple Examples of Using SUMIF
12345678
A B C DStudent College Rank Scholarship
Mandy BUS 4 2,675$ Aaron HEC 3 4,000$ Robert SBS 2 3,850$ Tricia ENG 4 2,250$ Ragu BUS 3 3,200$ Michelle BUS 4 2,400$ Amanda HEC 1 2,900$
=SUMIF(B2:B8, "BUS", D2:D8)
Write a formula to determine the total value of all scholarships for BUS majors:
Write a formula to determine the total value of all scholarship awards that are over $3000:
=SUMIF(D2:D8,">3000")
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
What formula can be written in cell C13 to determine the average freshman GPA for Graduating Seniors in
BUS? How can we make the formula work when copied both down and across?
What formula can be written in cell C13 to determine the average freshman GPA for Graduating Seniors in
BUS? How can we make the formula work when copied both down and across?
123456789
101112131415
A B C D E F GGraduating Senior Stats:Student College Freshman Sophmore Junior Senior OverallTom BUS 2.1 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.05Sara HEC 3.8 3.8 3.2 3.9 3.68Michael SBS 2.85 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.11Todd ENG 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.00Regina BUS 3.9 3.7 3.2 3.8 3.65Ming BUS 3.2 2.7 2.6 1.9 2.60Alexis HEC 1.5 2.6 2.0 1.9 2.00
College Freshman Sophmore Junior Senior OverallBUS 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1HEC 2.7 3.2 2.6 2.9 2.8SBS 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.1
Summary By College By Year
=SUMIF($B$3:$B$9,$B13,C$3:C$9)/COUNTIF($B$3:$B$9,$B13)
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
Other Categories of FunctionsOther Categories of Functions•Statistics:
•Mean, Median, Standard deviation
•Financial:•Present value, Future value
•Logical:•NOT, AND, OR
•Trigonometric:•COS, TAN,
CS&E 200 Exfunctions
What we’ve learned about functionsWhat we’ve learned about functions Functions are formula “shortcuts” – to use a function you
need the function name and to enter the function arguments in the correct order and observe the specified rules.
Functions can be input into the worksheet either by directly typing them, in some cases using the AutoSum button on the toolbar or by using the function wizard.
The functions SUM, MIN, MAX, AVERAGE, & COUNT all have a single argument – a range and ignore blank cells and text.
More complex functions covered include LARGE, SMALL, ROUND, COUNTIF and SUMIF.
Top Related