Download - Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 16 1 Objectives Identify the roles and responsibilities of personnel in mental health care, including.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 161

Objectives

Identify the roles and responsibilities of personnel in mental health care, including the jobs and job responsibilities of mental health aides and mental health technicians.


Objectives (cont.)

Compare the roles and responsibilities of licensed mental health care providers, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Understand safety and legal issues related to the use of restraints.

Successfully complete 3 mental health procedures.


World Health Organization (WHO)

International organization concerned with the health of the world population

Definition of Health

“Health is not merely the absence of disease but total physical, social, and psychological health”

Wholistic Health– Treating the whole person


Careers in Mental Health 16-1

The Mental Health AideThe Mental Health TechnicianThe Social WorkerThe CounselorThe PsychologistThe Psychiatrist


The Mental Health Aide

Job Responsibilities– provide assistance with everyday

activities of daily living (ADL’s)


The Mental Health Aide

In general, high school diploma needed

Certification as a Nursing assistant


The Mental Health TechnicianJob Responsibilities

– Provide direct patient care by changing dressings, taking vital signs, turning and moving patients and helping patients bathe, groom and eat.

– observe and record behavior presenting findings to the team

– lead educational and recreational activities– accompany clients to and from examinations,

treatments – may lead small groups– Assist in giving medications


The Mental Health Technician

Also known as a psychiatric technician. Work under the direct supervision of a psychiatrist or psychologist

Training may be a 2 year degree at a Career and Technical Center or College


The Social Worker

Minimum of a bachelor’s degree for entry into the field

Many positions require a master’s degree

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Job Description

Aid people who have difficulty coping with various problems by helping them make adjustments in their lives and /or by referring them to community resources for assistance

Chapter 1610


The Social Worker

– Help clients solve personal and family problems.

– Work with clients who have social problems ie: housing, unemployment, lack of job skills, financial distress

– may help clients living in inappropriate conditions.

– Perform direct counseling


The Social Worker

– Assist clients in finding effective solutions and community resources, refer clients to specialists, emotional support, arrange adoptions, foster care

– May help resolve abusive situations such as spousal or child abuse.


The Social Worker (cont.)

Job Responsibilities (cont.)– Provide emotional support during crisis.– Evaluate individuals in the criminal justice

system and perform pre-sentencing assessments.

– Make recommendations to courts regarding clients.

– Arrange adoptions and foster homes.


The Counselor

Someone who gives advice about problems

Nearly two-thirds have a master’s degree.


The Counselor (cont.)

Types– School and college counselors– Rehabilitation counselors work with clients

who may have social and/or vocational disabilities.

– Mental health counselors may work with clients dealing with addictions, substance abuse, thoughts of suicide, stress, and self-esteem problems.


The Counselor (cont.)

– Assist clients with common social and behavioral problems.

– Offer drug and alcohol prevention programs.– Assist clients in anger management.– Identify and intervene in abuse situations.– Help clients overcome the effects of

disabilities.


The Psychologist

Most work in clinical area; others work in research.

May also be consultants.Four years of education

with postgraduate work

leading to a doctorate

degree


The Psychologist

It is better to have a master’s in psychology than a bachelor degree!!!!!


The Psychologist (cont.)

Job Responsibilities– study the human behavior and the mind – help mentally and/or emotionally disturbed

clients design and plans to deal with ADLs– help clients adjust to life changes – work through personal crisis.


The Psychiatrist

A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in mental health.

A medical Doctor… 4 years of undergraduate 4 years of medical school Internship of 3-8 years of residency and

internship


The Psychiatrist (cont.)

Job Responsibilities – Medical doctor who heads up a mental

health team – In charge of assessment, diagnosis of the

client. – Oversees plan of care


Psychiatrist vs. Psychologist

Psychiatrist– Medical doctor

Psychologist– Not a medical doctor– Education to bachelor’s, master’s or doctorate


Mental Health Procedures 16-2

Physical Restraints Chemical Restraints Reality Orientation


Physical Restraints

Must be ordered by a physician and must never be used as punishment.

All other methods of ensuring the client’s safety must be assessed and eliminated prior to using restraints.

If used inappropriately considered “false imprisonment”


Chemical Restraints

Chemical restraints should not be used unless the client presents a clear and present danger that cannot be treated through other means.

A physician must prescribe the medication. The 5 patient rights for medication must be

followed and reviewed 3 times. Positively identify the client. Make sure the client has taken all the

medication.


Reality Orientation

Reality orientation is helping the client to become aware of his or her surroundings, the date and time, and other information about his or her present situation.

TODAY IS:Monday, March 31

THE WEATHER IS:Sunny and Warm

ACTIVITIES:Group Mtg. 2:00 pm

in dining room

An orientation board may be posted in the client’s room.


Types of Mental Disorders Depression

– a mental state characterized by a sense of inadequacy, sadness, and a lack of activity

Obsessive-compulsive behavior– an anxiety disorder characterized by

recurrent and persistent thoughts and feelings and repetitive, ritualized behaviors

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Types of Mental Disorders

Panic disorder– an anxiety disorder

characterized by unpredictable panic attacks; the attacks are usually severe but brief

Chapter 1628


Paranoid disorder– a psychological

disorder characterized by delusions of persecution or grandeur

Phobias– an anxiety disorder

characterized by extreme and irrational fear of simple things or social situations

Chapter 1629


Post-traumatic stress disorder– any condition that

develops following some stressful situation or event; such as sleep disturbance, recurrent dreams, withdrawal or lack of concentration

Chapter 1630


Bipolar disorder (manic / depressive)– presence of episodes of abnormally elevated mood

clinically referred to as mania… mixed with episodes of severe depression

Chapter 1631


Schizophrenia– several psychotic disorders characterized by

distortions of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal from social contact

– Hallucinations… see and hear things that are not real

Chapter 1632


Self-mutilation– deliberate infliction of tissue damage or alteration to

oneself without suicidal intent

Chapter 1633


Anorexia– Irrational fear of becoming fat if person eats

Bulemia– eating disorder characterized by recurrent binge

eating, followed by defensive vomiting, sometimes called purging; fasting, the use of laxatives, enemas, diuretics, and over exercising

Chapter 1634


SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder)– a mood disorder with depressive symptoms in the

winter

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