Cooking Energy and the SE4All Agenda
Shonali Pachauri June 28, 2013 Bonn Cooking Energy Forum
SE4All Access Goals: Current Status and Recent Trends Target by 2030: 100% electrification Current Status: ~20% lack access 30% rural unelectrified Trend 2000-2010: Global 79% to 83% Rural 57% to 70%
Target by 2030: 100% clean cooking Current Status: ~40% lack access 65% rural without access Trend 2000-2010: Global 54% to 59% Rural almost unchanged
Trends in Traditional Biomass Dependence
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
2000 2009
Popu
latio
n in
Mill
ions
Dep
ende
nt o
n B
iom
ass
Sub-Saharan Africa IndiaChina Rest of Developing AsiaIndonesia Latin America & CaribbeanNorth Africa & Middle East
1875
2010
1875
2010
1965
2010
1965
2010
1965
2010
1965
2010
1965
2010
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
500 5,000 50,000
Trad
ition
al b
iom
ass
shar
e in
fina
l ene
rgy
Average GDP in international 1990 GK$/capita
WORLD USA
Brazil China
India Ghana
Nigeria
Source: Pachauri et al., ‘Energy Access for Development’, GEA, 2012, p. 1401-1458.
Current Distribution of Clean Cooking Access Globally
Dependence on Solid Fuels by Nation
Source: UNDP & WHO 2009
Disparities in Household Access to Gaseous and Electric Cooking
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Ban
glad
esh
Bol
ivia
Cam
bodi
a
Col
ombi
a
Egyp
t
Gha
na
Indi
a
Indo
nesi
a
Mal
i
Nep
al
Peru
Rw
anda
Sene
gal
Uga
nda
Tanz
ania
Zim
babw
e
Perc
enta
ge o
f Hou
seho
lds
Source: DHS Surveys from 2005 to 2010. Markers represent National Averages, Top of Bar is Urban Average & Bottom of Bar is Rural Average
Solid Fuels Dominate Household Final Energy Use E.g.– Ghana 2005
Source: Riahi et al., ‘Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development’, GEA, 2012, p. 1205-1305.
Affordability of Modern Cooking Fuels by Population Sub-Groups
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0% 5% 15% 25% 35% 45% 55% 65% 75% 85%Fuel Price Support
Urban – H. Income
Rural - H. Income
Urban – M. Income
Rural – M. Income
Urban - L. Income Rural - L. Income
Sub-Saharan Africa 2030 Population
With Access
Source: Nagai 2012
Without New Efforts Clean Cooking Access will Worsen by 2030
Source: Pachauri et al. 2013
Population Dependent on Solid Fuels
Changes in GHG Emissions Due to Access Policies by Region
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
South Asia Pacific Asia Sub-Saharan Africa
GH
G E
mis
sion
s (G
t CO
2-eq
)
2005 2030 No New Policies 2030 Universal Access
Net Impacts on emissions are negligible
Source: Pachauri et al. 2013
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
2005 2030
Millio
ns o
f dea
ths
ALRI in children <5 COPD in women>30 COPD in men>30Lung cancer in adults Ischaemic heart disease in adults
Health Benefits of Access to Modern Cooking – AFR, SAS & PAS
Over 1 million lives saved annually
Source: Riahi et al., ‘Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development’, GEA, 2012, p. 1205-1305.
GTF- Multi-Tier Framework for Measurement of Cooking Solutions
Source: World Bank. 2013
Step 1:Technical Performance
Step 2: Actual Use
Are we on Track?
• Are we measuring the right things? – How will elements of adequacy such as
availability, reliability of supply, renewability of biomass and affordability be measured?
• Is the baseline we have today accurate or complete?
• How do we meet the targets?
Thank You
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