Inside a Unit xAcknowledgments xviCredits xvii
UNIT 1 Family 2
Present and Past: Simple and Progressive
LESSON 1: Simple Present and Present Progressive 4Reading: The Family Life of Lowland Gorillas 4
1.1 Simple Present and Present Progressive Review 61.2 More Present Progressive 7
LESSON 2: Stative Verbs 12Reading: The Shrinking Families of Brazil 12
1.3 Stative Verbs 141.4 Stative Verbs: Stative and Active Meanings 15
LESSON 3: Simple Past and Past Progressive 18Reading: Notes from the Twins Days Festival 18
1.5 Simple Past and Past Progressive Review 201.6 Past Time Clauses with When and While 21–22
Review the Grammar 26Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Response to an Essay Question 28
UNIT 2 Passions 30
Present and Past: Perfect and Perfect Progressive
LESSON 1: Present Perfect 32Reading: Paul Nicklen’s Polar Obsession 32
2.1 Present Perfect 342.2 Present Perfect with For and Since 352.3 Present Perfect and Simple Past 36
LESSON 2: Present Perfect Progressive and Present Perfect 41Reading: Helen Thayer: A Lifelong Adventurer 41
2.4 Present Perfect Progressive 432.5 Present Perfect Progressive and Present Perfect 44
LESSON 3: Past Perfect and Past Perfect Progressive 48Reading: Daring. Defiant. Free. 48
2.6 Past Perfect 502.7 Past Perfect Progressive 51
Review the Grammar 58Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Personal Narrative 60
CONTENTS
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UNIT 3 A Look Into the Future 62
The Future
LESSON 1: Will, Be Going To, Present Progressive, and Simple Present 64
Reading: Will Robots Be Our Friends One Day? 643.1 Review of Will and Be Going To 663.2 Review of Present Progressive and Simple
Present for the Future 67
LESSON 2: Future Time Clauses 71Reading: Clever Clothes 71
3.3 Future Time Clauses 733.4 Future Time Clauses: After, As Soon As, Before,
Once, Until, When, and While 74
LESSON 3: Future: Progressive, Perfect, and Perfect Progressive 78
Reading: Jobs for the Future 783.5 Future Progressive 803.6 Future Perfect and Future Perfect Progressive 81
Review the Grammar 86Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write an
Opinion about the Future 88
UNIT 4 exploration 90
Negative Yes/No Questions; Statement and Tag Questions
LESSON 1: Negative Yes/No Questions and Statement Questions 92
Reading: Mars on Earth 924.1 Negative Yes/No Questions 944.2 Statement Questions 95
LESSON 2: Tag Questions; Answers to Tag Questions 101Reading: Børge Ousland, Norwegian Explorer 101
4.3 Tag Questions 1034.4 Answering Tag Questions 104
Review the Grammar 109Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Scene from a Story 112
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UNIT 5 stages of Life 114
Nouns, Articles, and Subject-Verb Agreement
LESSON 1: Count and Non-Count Nouns; Quantity Expressions 116
Reading: Naming Customs 1165.1 Count and Non-Count Nouns 1185.2 Quantity Expressions with Count and
Non-Count Nouns 120
LESSON 2: Articles 124Reading: The Science of the Teenage Brain 124
5.3 Articles: Specific and Nonspecific 1265.4 Articles: Making Generalizations 127
LESSON 3: Subject-Verb Agreement 131Reading: How Long Will You Live? 131
5.5 Subject-Verb Agreement 1335.6 More Subject-Verb Agreement 134
Review the Grammar 138Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Narrative about a Risk 140
UNIT 6 Wellness 142
Gerunds and Infinitives
LESSON 1: Gerunds: Review and Expand 144Reading: The Mysteries of Sleep 144
6.1 Gerunds as Subjects and Objects 1466.2 Gerunds as Objects of Prepositions 1476.3 Gerunds with Nouns and Special Expressions 147
LESSON 2: Infinitives: Review and Expand 152Reading: Medical Riches in the Rainforests 152
6.4 Infinitives: Verb (+ Object) + Infinitive 1546.5 Verbs Followed by Gerund or Infinitive without a Change in Meaning 1556.6 Verbs Followed by Gerund or Infinitive with a Change in Meaning 156
LESSON 3: More about Gerunds and Infinitives 161Reading: The Guitar Man 161
6.7 Infinitives after the Subject It; Infinitives after Adjectives 1636.8 Too and Enough with Infinitives 1646.9 Infinitives of Purpose 165
Review the Grammar 170Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Product Review 172
tages of Life
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UNIT 7 Globe trotting 174
Modals: Part 1
LESSON 1: Necessity, Prohibition, Obligation, and Expectation 176
Reading: Best Dive Vacations International 1767.1 Expressing Necessity and Prohibition 1787.2 Obligation and Expectation: Be Supposed To 180
LESSON 2: Ability 184Reading: Traveling Feet 184
7.3 Expressing Ability: Present and Future 1867.4 Expressing Ability: Past 1877.5 Be Able To: Gerunds, Infinitives, and with Modals 188
LESSON 3: Advice, Regret, and Criticism 191Reading: WWOOFing It! 191
7.6 Asking for or Giving Advice 1937.7 Expresssing Regret or Criticism: Should Have + Past Participle 195
Review the Grammar 200Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write an Informative Text 204
UNIT 8 our Mysterious World 206
Modals: Part 2
LESSON 1: Possibility and Logical Conclusions: Present and Future 208
Reading: The Weather That Nobody Forecast 2088.1 Possibility: Present and Future 2108.2 Logical Conclusions: Present and Future 2118.3 Possibility and Logical Conclusions:
Progressive 213
LESSON 2: Possibility and Logical Conclusions: Past 216Reading: The Emperor’s Terra Cotta Army 216
8.4 Possibility: Past 2188.5 Logical Conclusions: Past 2208.6 Possibility and Logical Conclusions: Past Progressive 222
Review the Grammar 229Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Family History 232
UNIT 9 the natural World 234
The Passive
LESSON 1: The Passive; Passive with Modals 236Reading: Sylvia Earle and the Deep Blue Sea 236
9.1 Active and Passive 2389.2 Passive with Modals 240
LESSON 2: Using the Passive 246Reading: Night Gardens 246
9.3 Using the Passive 2489.4 Using By with the Passive 249
rotting
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LESSON 3: Passive Gerunds and Infinitives; Get Passives 254Reading: Hurricane Hunters 254
9.5 Passive Gerunds and Passive Infinitives 2569.6 Get Passives 257
Review the Grammar 261Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write an Informative Essay 264
UNIT 10 Beauty and Appearance 266
Causative Verb Patterns and Phrasal Verbs
LESSON 1: Have, Let, Make, Get, and Help 268Reading: Who’s the Loveliest of Them All? 268
10.1 Have, Let, and Make 27010.2 Get and Help 271
LESSON 2: Passive Causative 275Reading: Looking Good in Ancient Egypt 275
10.3 Passive Causative: Have Something Done 27710.4 Passive Causative: Get Something Done 278
LESSON 3: Phrasal Verbs 282Reading: Funny-Looking or Beautiful? 282
10.5 Phrasal Verbs: Transitive and Intransitive 28410.6 Transitive Phrasal Verbs: Separable and Inseparable 285
Review the Grammar 290Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Blog Entry 292
UNIT 11 the Power of Images 294
Relative Clauses
LESSON 1: Subject Relative Clauses 296Reading: Myphotospace 296
11.1 Subject Relative Clauses 29811.2 Non-Identifying Subject Relative Clauses 30011.3 Relative Clauses with Whose 302
LESSON 2: Object Relative Clauses 308Reading: A Look Inside: Shooting the Real Story 308
11.4 Object Relative Clauses 31011.5 Object Relative Clauses with Prepositions 312
LESSON 3: Relative Clauses: Reduced, with Where and When 318Reading: Bollywood News: The Changing Face of Bollywood 318
11.6 Reduced Relative Clauses 32011.7 Relative Clauses with Where and When 322
Review the Grammar 327Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Movie Review 330
he Power of Images
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UNIT 12 the Rise of the City 332
Adverb Clauses
LESSON 1: Adverb Clauses 334Reading: Triumph of the City 334
12.1 Adverb Clauses of Time 33612.2 Adverb Clauses of Contrast 33712.3 Adverb Clauses of Reason and Purpose 339
LESSON 2: Reduced Adverb Clauses 345Reading: Amsterdam: A Cyclist’s Dream 345
12.4 Reduced Adverb Clauses of Time 34712.5 Reduced Adverb Clauses of Reason 348
Review the Grammar 352Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write about a City Project 354
UNIT 13 Choices 356
Conditionals
LESSON 1: Present and Future Real Conditionals 358Reading: Making Decisions: Are You in Control? 358
13.1 Present Real Conditionals 36013.2 Future Real Conditionals 362
LESSON 2: Present and Future Unreal Conditionals; Wish 366Reading: Back to Life 366
13.3 Present and Future Unreal Conditionals 36813.4 Wish + Simple Past/Would 369
LESSON 3: Past Unreal Conditionals; Wish 377Reading: 21,000 Miles, 3 Miles per Hour 377
13.5 Past Unreal Conditionals 37913.6 Wish + Past Perfect 380
Review the Grammar 385Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Personal Essay 388
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Contents ix
UNIT 14 Food 390
Noun Clauses and Reported Speech
LESSON 1: Noun Clauses 392Reading: The Power of a Hot Meal 392
14.1 Noun Clauses with That 39414.2 Noun Clauses with If and Whether 39514.3 Noun Clauses with Wh- Words 396
LESSON 2: Reported Speech: Part 1 403Reading: Flavor and the Senses: Can we taste with our ears and eyes? 403
14.4 Reported Speech: Statements 40514.5 Reported Speech: Modals 40714.6 Reported Speech: Questions 408
LESSON 3: Reported Speech: Part 2 412Reading: Baking in Ravello 412
14.7 Reported Speech: Commands, Advice, and Requests 41414.8 Reported Speech: Time and Place Changes 415
Review the Grammar 419Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write about Results of a Survey 422
UNIT 15 Learning 424
Combining Ideas
LESSON 1: Transition Words 426Reading: Where Are the Aliens? 426
15.1 Contrast: However, Nevertheless, On the Other Hand 42815.2 Result: As a Result, Therefore, Thus 43015.3 Addition: In Addition, Moreover 431
LESSON 2: Prepositional Phrases: Cause and Effect, Contrast 436Reading: Let Learning Happen 436
15.4 Cause and Effect: As a Result of, Because of, Due to 43815.5 Cause and Effect: So/Such...That, So Many/Much...That 44015.6 Contrast: Despite, In Spite of 441
Review the Grammar 446Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Persuasive Essay 450
Appendices A1Glossary of Grammar Terms G1Index I1Credits C1
Learning
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