Download - CONSTRUCTION TRENDS AND PRACTICES AMONG REAL ESTATE DEVELOPERS IN ANGELES CITY

8/10/2019 CONSTRUCTION TRENDS AND PRACTICES AMONG REAL ESTATE DEVELOPERS IN ANGELES CITY

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CONSTRUCTION TRENDS AND PRACTICESAMONG REAL ESTATE DEVELOPERS

IN ANGELES CITY

A Thesis ProposalPresented to the

Fa!lt" o# the Grad!ate Shool

In Partial F!l#ill$ent o# theRe%!ire$ents #or the S!&'et

M(A ) Researh Methodolo*"

&"+il&ert Canhela Ven,on

Dee$&er -./ 01-2


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APPROVAL SHEET

A Thesis Proposal EntitledCONSTRUCTION TRENDS AND PRACTICES AMONG REAL ESTATE

DEVELOPERS IN ANGELES CITY

Prepared and S!&$itted &"+IL(ERT CANC3ELA VEN4ONin partial #!l#ill$ent o# the re%!ire$ents #or the de*ree MASTER IN (USINESS

ADMINISTRATION is here&" aepted and reo$$ended #or ORAL E5AMINATION

Irene M6 E&al/ Ed6DAd7iser

Appro7ed &" the (oard o# E8a$inees

RENATO P6 RU(A/ Ph6DChair$an

MAGDALENA D6 (AUTISTA/ Ed6D GUILLERMO ANDRES/ M(AMe$&er Me$&er

Aepted and Appro7ed in Partial F!l#ill$ent o# the Re%!ire$ents#or the de*ree MASTER IN (USINESS ADMINISTRATION

RENATO P6 RU(A/ Ph6DE8e!ti7e Dean

Dee$&er -./ 01-2


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researher #eels i$$ense pleas!re in arti!latin* the propo!nded re*ards and deep

sense o# *ratit!de to $an" people 9ho pla"ed a s!&stantial role in 7ario!s #or$s in the

s!ess#!l o$pletion o# this researh6 The researhers ha7e no9 the opport!nit" to on7e" the

*ratit!de #or all o# the$6

The researher 9o!ld li:e to a:no9led*e the respeted $e$&er o# the #a!lt" #or their

ea*er interest that ena&les to o$plete this researh6 This researh 9o!ld not ha7e &een possi&le

9itho!t the s!pport o# Dr6 Irene M6 E&al #or her onstr!ti7e ritiis$ and &ein* a 7irt!o!s *!ide

9ho patientl" resol7ed all %!eries and pro7idin* ade%!ate reo$$endations6

The researher 9o!ld also 9ant to e8press than:s to all real estate &ro:ers and de7elopers

9ho enhaned the o!tloo: #or this researh6

The researher 9o!ld li:e to e8press lo7e and *ratit!de to its &elo7ed 9i#e/ Mar" Eresa

C6 Ven,on and son Ra7en Fredri C6 Ven,on/ to its parents Ro&ert Charles and Mareliana F6

Ran:in #or their onstant s!pport and endless lo7e/ and than:#!l #or the$ #or *i7in* the

researher the li#e that is al9a"s de$anded6

Lastl"/ the researher 9o!ld li:e to e8press its *rate#!lness to the o$nipresent Al$i*ht"

#or *i7in* the$ inner stren*th and *!idane6

+CV


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DEDICATION

To $" 9i#e and son 9ho ha7e &een there #or $e666666

To $" parents and #riends 9ho shares happiness and lo7e666666

And to the God Al$i*ht" 9ho sa7es and leanse $" sins a9a"666666666

+CV


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Chapter I

The Probe! a"# $t% &a'()ro*"#

INTRODUCTION

+hen loo:in* at the n!$ero!s real;estate pro'ets &ein* i$ple$ented no9 hori,ontall"

and 7ertiall" residential o$$!nities/ o##ie to9ers/ hotels/ shoppin* $alls/ s!per$ar:ets and

other o$$erial de7elop$ents *enerall"/ ho9e7er/ de$and #or real estate re$ain ro&!st6 The

onerns in real;estate *oin* &!st onl" o$e !p &ea!se people 7ie9 the de7elop$ents #ro$ a

loal perspeti7e6 (!t 7ie9ed #ro$ the perspeti7e that ta:es into ao!nt the sta*e o# real;estate

de7elop$ent in o!r re*ional nei*h&ors/ li:e Mala"sia and Thailand/ the Philippines is at!all"

still athin* !p6 +e


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attainin* a o$para&le de*ree o# eono$i pro*ress6 +ith a h!*e &a:lo* in ho!sin* !nits that

ontin!e to o!tstrip s!ppl"/ and onsiderin* that ho!sin* is a &asi neessit" #or Filipinos/ e8pet

the ro&!st *ro9th in the real;estate ind!str" to ontin!e/ at least in the #oreseea&le #!t!re6

At this point/ the onl" st!$&lin* &lo: to this ro&!st *ro9th is a dra$ati drop in the

Philippine6? perent in the

seond %!arter o# 01-2/ loal and #orei*n eono$ists/ as 9ell as $!ltilateral instit!tions/ e8pet

the Philippines to e$er*e as the #astest;*ro9in* eono$" in So!theast Asia and seond onl" to

China this "ear6

This is &ea!se o!r eono$i #!nda$entals re$ain stron*6 Re$ittanes #ro$ o7erseas

Filipino 9or:ers @OF+s and #orei*n;e8han*e reeipts #ro$ the &!siness;proess o!tso!rin*

@(PO ind!str" ontin!e to *ro9/ interest rates and in#lation re$ain $ana*ea&le/ and the

Philippines ontin!e to attrat #orei*n in7estors6

The (PO ind!str"/ in parti!lar/ dri7es de$and #or o##ie &!ildin*s/ 9hile the inreasin*

n!$&er o# to!rist arri7als eno!ra*es the onstr!tion o# $ore hotel roo$s6 OF+s and (PO

e$plo"ees ao!nt #or a $a'or share o# the residential $ar:et6 Also/ risin* 9a*es in loal

o$panies/ as 9ell as s!ess#!l entreprene!rs/ add to the *ro9in* $iddle;lass pop!lation/

9hih/ in t!rn/ &oost de$and #or ho!sin*6

Reent st!dies &" pri7ate *ro!ps also ran: the Philippines as the $ost #a7ored destination

o# #orei*n in7est$ents in Asia6 These in7est$ents 9ill also &oost de$and #or o##ie spae/ as

9ell as #or residential !nits6


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This is not to sa"/ ho9e7er/ that the real;estate ind!str" 9ill sta" on a strai*ht/ !p9ard

line o# *ro9th6 There 9ill &e !ps and do9ns 9ithin "ears or &et9een "ears/ &!t the *eneral trend

9ill still &e !p9ard6

It sho!ld also onsider that the real;estate ind!str" dri7es the *ro9th o# the onstr!tion

ind!str"/ 9hih *enerates a lot o# e$plo"$ent and sti$!lates other &!sinesses6 To*ether/ these

ati7ities ontri&!te to eono$i *ro9th6

CONCEPTUAL +RAMEWORK


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.6 Is there a si*ni#iant di##erene in the trends and praties o# real estate de7elopers and

&ro:ers 9ith re*ards to real estate de7elop$ent

26 Is there a si*ni#iant di##erene in the perei7ed trends and praties 9hen respondents

are *ro!ped aordin* to pro#ile

HYPHOTHESIS

Another "ear and another loo: at the trends and praties a$on* real estate &ro:ers and

de7elopers are e8peted to a##et real estate in the o$in* "ear and &e"ond6 It


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SIGNI+ICANCE OR IMPORTANCE O+ THE STUDY

It is re%!isite to reo*ni,e the reason o# the st!d" on ho9 the real estate &ro:ers and

de7elopers pratie the onstr!tion trends in a%!irin* the land/ #inanin* $aterials/ the

de$o*raph"/ and t"pes o# &!ildin* in onstr!tion6 There#ore/ de$onstratin* its e##ets d!e to

*o7ern$ent poliies/ !n'!sti#ied $ar:et rates/ #inanin* a*en" ondition 9hih 9ill help in

anal",in* the #ators a##etin* the &!ild in en7iron$ent in An*eles Cit" Territor"

DE+INITION O+ TERMS

,- Rea E%tate) A propert" onsistin* o# land or &!ildin*s6

.- Rea E%tate #e/eoper) A person 9ho &!"s and de7elops ho!ses/ &!ildin*s and land in

order to sell the$ and $a:e a pro#it o# the$6

0- La"#) The part o# the earth


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,9- Propert4 ; A thin* or thin*s &elon*in*s to so$eone possessions olleti7el"6

,,- &ro(er : A person 9ho &!" and sells *oods or assets #or others6

,.- E'o"o!4 : The 9ealth and reso!res o# a o!ntr" or re*ion/ espeiall" in ter$s o# theprod!tion and ons!$ption o# *oods and ser7ies6

,0- Mar(et : A re*!lar *atherin* o# people #or the p!rhase and sale o# pro7isions/ li7esto:/and other o$$odities6

,1- I"#*%tr4 : Eono$i ati7it" onerned 9ith the proessin* o# ra9 $aterials and$an!#at!re o# *ood6

,2- Co!!*"$t4 : A *ro!p o# people li7in* in the sa$e plae or ha7in* parti!larharateristis in o$$on6

,3- Hote :An esta&lish$ent pro7idin* ao$$odations/ $eals and other ser7ies #ortra7elers and to!rist6

,5- Apart!e"t : A s!ite o# roo$s #or$in* one residene/ t"piall" in a &!ildin* ontainin* an!$&er o# these6

,6- Ra; Ho*%e : One o# a series o# ho!ses/ o#ten si$ilar or idential desi*n/ sit!ated side &"side and 'oined &" o$$on 9alls6

,7- Co"#o!$"$*! : A &!ildin* or o$ple8 o# &!ildin*s ontainin* a n!$&er o# indi7id!all"o9ned apart$ents or ho!ses6

.9- Co"%tr*'t$o" : The &!ildin* o# so$ethin*/ t"piall" lar*e str!t!res6

SCOPE AND LIMITATION O+ THE STUDY

This st!d" 9ill not address the histor" o# standard praties a$on* real estate de7eloper nor

9ill it o7er the PCA( erti#iation proess in detail6 Neither 9ill this st!d" address the

appropriateness o# !sin* s!staina&le praties or the &ene#its o# s!h praties6 +hile these are

7al!a&le topis/ the" ha7e &een o7ered in other reent researh and are not 9ithin the sope o#

this paper6 Instead/ this st!d" 9ill #o!s on the 7isi&le trends that are do!$ented 9ithin the

praties o# real estate de7eloper in the onstr!tion ind!str" and 9ill see: to interpret ho9 these

trends are han*in* the onstr!tion ind!str"6


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CHAPTER II

REVIEW O+ RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

CONSTRUCTION TRENDS AND PRACTICE IN REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT$'a"'e o> e%t$!ate% para!eter%

+e also 9ant to dis!ss the i$pat o# the 7aria&les in respet o# de7eloper


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+here

i alternati7e inde8

' 7aria&le inde8

n!$&er o# 7aria&les

esti$ated para$eter

8 harateristi

The i$pats o# the de7eloper $odels in Fi*!re -0 sho9 that ar aessi&ilit" is the

do$inant 7aria&le #or all three de7eloper t"pes6 The h"potheses that ar aessi&ilit" is $ore

rele7ant #or sellin* de7elopers is not on#ir$ed6 This is onl" s!pported &" the res!lts in ase o#

PT aessi&ilit"6

+e e8pet sellin* de7elopers to e8ploit allo9ed densit" $ore ri*oro!sl" than other

de7eloper t"pes6 This is onl" on#ir$ed in respet o# $% de7elopers6 The i$pat on $m is $ore

than t9ie as lar*e6

The h"pothesis that $ore pro#essional de7elopers t"pes $m and &mc are $ore sensiti7e

and th!s reat stron*er to steeper slope as a pro8" o# onstr!tion ost annot &e on#ir$ed6


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+$)*re 2- I!pa't o> /ar$abe%

O- O$ S$

Aessi&ilit" ar 16? 16H0 16?H

Aessi&ilit" PT 16101 16121 161

Fit o# de7elop$ent to parelonstraints

1610> 16-1 161?0

Ne9 nei*h&orin* &!ildin*s 161-1 1611 1611H

Prie per per$itted #loor spae 16110 161 161-0

Share o# rereation are in ,one 16112 161-. 1611?

Slope 161-1 1611? 1611

Yo!n* ne9o$ers in nei*h&orhood 161>- 161.> 161-1

CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK

In this st!d" 9e inl!de so$e harateristis o# de7elopers to e8plain &etter their

de7elop$ent deisions in ter$s o# loation hoie6 There#ore/ 9e o$&ined a dataset o# Ro9ena

Minoo Sa$!rai/ In6 inl!din* de7elop$ent pro'ets and de7eloper in#or$ation 9ith the Land

Re*istration A!thorit"6 The preli$inar" $odel esti$ates sho9 !ne8peted si*ns and onl" little

di##erene re*ardin* the !sed e8planator" 7aria&les6 The #it o# the $odels is not inreased in

o$parison to de7elop$ent &ased $odels6 F!rther 9or: has to &e done to #ind &etter e8planator"

7aria&le aordin* to de7eloper t"pes6 Speial attention sho!ld &e paid to endo*eneit" iss!es6

+ith the spei#iation in7esti*ated here it is not reo$$ended to !se a de7eloper &ased land

de7elop$ent $odel6 The reason #or these !nsatis#"in* res!lts an &e seen in the #ollo9in* pointsB

Data preparation inl!des so$e !nertainties and la:s a ri*oro!s representation o# the

point in ti$e a de7elop$ent too: plae6

The de7elop$ent t"pe is not ontrolled #or e7en thro!*h one 9o!ld ass!$e that the sa$e

de7eloper t"pe has also di##erent pre#erenes #or di##erent pro'et t"pes6

Reonstr!tion is not onsidered


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The prie 7aria&le is not ad'!sted to the ti$e o# the o&ser7ation6

The ne8t steps 9ill &e to esti$ate $odels 9hih interat in#or$ation a&o!t de7eloper t"pe

and t"pe o# de7elop$ent6 Also 9e ha7e to e8plore the orrelation a$on* the e8planator"

7aria&les 9ith #ator anal"sis6 F!rther 9e 9ant to in7esti*ate the role o# the o9nership str!t!re6

I# the $odel esti$ation re7eals the i$portane o# the o9nership str!t!re it 9ill &e a ne8t tas: to

s"nthesi,e it #or si$!lation6

RE+ERENCES

(etts/ M and Lansle"/ P @-. Constr!tion Mana*e$ent and Eono$isB a re7ie9 o# the #irst

ten "ears6 Constr!tion Mana*e$ent and Eono$is/ --@2/ 00-;2>6

('r: ( C and (rhner @011? The Val!e o# Constr!tion Mana*e$ent o!rnals to S!&$ittin*

A!thors6 Constr!tion Mana*e$ent and Eono$is 0>th Anni7ersar" Con#erene6 -H;- !l"/

011? Uni7ersit" o# Readin*6 Readin*/ U=6

Cha!/ = + @-? The ran:in* o# onstr!tion $ana*e$ent 'o!rnals6 Constr!tion Mana*e$ent

and Eono$is/ ->@2/ .?;6

Clar:/ R @0111 httpBJJ9996an!6ed!6a!JpeopleJRo*er6Clar:eJSOSJDLR6ht$l6

Costa D (/ For$oso C T/ =a*io*l! M/ Alarn F/ Caldas C 3 @011H (enh$ar:in*

Initiati7es in the Constr!tion Ind!str"B Lessons Learned and I$pro7e$ent Opport!nities6

o!rnal o# Mana*e$ent in en*ineerin*/ 00@2/ ->;-H?6

Glass/ G V @-?H Pri$ar"/ seondar" and $eta;anal"sis o# researh6 Ed!ational Researher/

>@-1/ .;6

3ar9e" C/ Morris 3/ =ell" A @011/ The Assoiation o# (!siness Shools/ Aade$i o!rnal

!alit" G!ide/ o!rnals Classi#ied &" Field and Ran:6


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eenin*a 3 and =ets A @0112 E7ol!tion o# ener*" poli" in the NetherlandsB past/ present and

#!t!re6 (!ildin* Researh In#or$ation/ .0@-/ .;2-@26

Lin G and Shen @011? Meas!rin* the Val!e Mana*e$ent St!dies in Constr!tionB Critial

Re7ie96 o!rnal o# Mana*e$ent in En*ineerin*/ 0.@-/ 0;6

Pietro#orte/ R and Ste#ani/ T P @0112 ASCE o!rnal o# Constr!tion En*ineerin* and

Mana*e$entB re7ie9 o# the "ears -.)01116 o!rnal o# Constr!tion En*ineerin* and

Mana*e$ent/ -.1@./ 221;226

Pillai A S/ oshi A/ Srini7asa = @0110 Per#or$ane $eas!re$ent o# R and D pro'ets in a $!lti;

pro'et/ on!rrent en*ineerin* en7iron$ent6 International o!rnal o# Pro'et Mana*e$ent/

01@0/ -H>;-??6

Tah 3 M and Carr V @0111 A proposal #or onstr!tion pro'et ris: assess$ent !sin* #!,,"

lo*i6 Constr!tion Mana*e$ent and Eono$is/ -@2/ 2-;>116


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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGY

The p!rpose o# this st!d" is to e8a$ine the pereptions o# seleted &ro:ers and

de7elopers re*ardin* the onstr!tion trends and praties a$on* real estate de7elopers in

An*eles Cit"6

The p!rpose o# this hapter are @- desri&e the researh $ethodolo*" o# this st!d"/ @0

e8plain the sa$ple seletion/ @. desri&e the proed!re !sed in desi*nin* the instr!$ent and

olletin* the data/ and @2 pro7ide an e8planation o# the statistial proed!res !sed to anal",e

the data6

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A desripti7e researh $ethodolo*" 9as !sed #or this st!d"6 A s!r7e" 9as ad$inistered

to a seleted sa$ple #ro$ a real estate &ro:er and de7elopers in An*eles Cit"6 The ter$ Ws!r7e"X

is o$$onl" applied to a researh $ethodolo*" desi*ned to ollet data #ro$ a &ro:er and

de7eloper/ or a sa$ple #ro$ that *ro!p/ and t"piall" !tili,es a %!estionnaire or an inter7ie9 as

the" s!r7e" instr!$ent @Ro&son/ -.6

S!r7e" is !sed to o&tain data #ro$ indi7id!als or *ro!p6 Sa$ple s!r7e"s are i$portant

tools #or olletin* and anal",in* in#or$ation #ro$ seleted indi7id!als6 The" are 9idel"

aepted as a :e" tool #or ond!tin* and appl"in* &asi soial siene researh $ethodolo*"

@Rossi/ +ri*ht/ and Anderson/ -.6

CRE(A @Cha$&er o# Real Estate and (!ilders< Assoiations/ In6 is #a$iliar 9ith the

!se o# s!r7e"s to assess iss!es or pro'et trendsB $ar:etin* researhers !se s!r7e"s to st!d"


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ons!$er pre#erenes patterns @Lear"/ -> Res!lts o# the ann!al s!r7e" are p!&lished eah

"ear in Real Li7in* Ma*a,ine6 Seleted Philippine tele7ision 7ie9ers partiipate in the Real

Estate s!r7e"s/ desi*ned to esti$ate the si,e o# 7ario!s tele7ision pro*ra$ a!dienes #or the

p!rpose o# esta&lishin* ad7ertisin* rates6 S!h sa$ple s!r7e"s are o$prised o# standardi,ed

$ethodolo*ies desi*ned to *ather in#or$ation &" e8a$inin* s"ste$atiall" identi#ied &ro:ers

and de7eloper


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Ga" also a*rees that strati#ied rando$ sa$plin* is an appropriate $ethodolo*" in order to

$a:e proportionate/ and there#ore $eanin*#!l/ o$parisons &et9een s!&;*ro!ps in the

assoiation6 Ro&son@-. tells !s that sa$plin* theor" s!pports strati#ied rando$ sa$plin* as

an e##iient hoie &ea!se the $eans o# the strati#ied sa$ples are li:el" to &e loser to the $ean

o# the pop!lation o7erall6 Finall"/ Lear" @-> indiates that a strati#ied rando$ sa$ple 9ill

t"piall" re#let the harateristis o# the assoiation as a 9hole6 Conse%!entl"/ the sa$ple in this

st!d" 9as disa**re*ated &" re*ion to address the #at that there is 9ide 7ariane in the n!$&er o#

&ro:ers and de7elopers 9ithin eah assoiation6


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OVERVIEW O+ ANGELES CITY@ PAMPANGA

I- LOCATION AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

+$)*re 3- Map o> Pa!pa")a

An*eles Cit" is &o!nded &" the M!niipalit" o# Ma&alaat in the North/ Me8io in the

East/ San Fernando in the So!theast/ and Pora in the So!th9est6 It has a total land area o# a&o!t

H/0-?6.? o# 9hih a&o!t H-61 hetares #ro$ part o# the Clar: Freeport 4one @CF46

The re$ainin* >/>?6>? hetares are lassi#ied as aliena&le and disposa&le lands de7oted

to !r&an and a*ri!lt!ral !ses6 A hi*hl" !r&ani,ed it"/ An*eles Cit" has &een at the threshold o#

#!ll soial and eono$i de7elop$ent sine the A$erian air&ase p!llo!t in -- #ollo9in* the

er!ption o# Mt6 Pinat!&o6 Toda"/ the it"


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Ad7ane$ent in o$$!niation tehnolo*" o!pled 9ith $odern hi*h9a" has

tre$endo!sl" i$pro7ed trade and o$$ere in this part o# the pro7ine6 (oth the ind!strial and

to!ris$ setors ha7e &eo$e $a'or ontri&!tors to the it"


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III- De!o)raph$'%

+$)*re 5- A")ee% C$t4 Pop*at$o"

On the other hand/ A*apito del Rosario and (aran*a" Vir*en Delos Re$edios had the s$allest

pop!lation 9ith 16?-Q and 16>1Q/ respeti7el"6 An*eles Cit"


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IV- O+W Re!$tta"'e

The ontin!ed stren*th o# ash in#lo9s thro!*h re$ittanes is pri$aril" d!e to the hi*her

deplo"$ent o# 9or:ers a&road and the i$pro7ed deli7er" o# ser7ies o# #inanial instit!tions6

Dis!ssion 9ith de7elopers re7ealed that o7erseas Filipinos< re$ittanes ha7e a si*ni#iant

i$pat on the residential se*$ent6 In #at/ the (an*:o Sentral n* Pilipinas @(SP esti$ates that

appro8i$atel" .1Q o# all re$ittanes *o to9ards ho!sin* e8penses6

+$)*re 6- O+W Re!$tta"'e

So*r'e< &a")(o Se"tra ") P$$p$"a%

End;01-- re$ittanes a$o!nt to US 016-0 &illion 9hih *re9 &" ?60Q as o$pared to

01-16 This is despite the e8ternal sho:s #or the "ear s!h as the Middle East risis/ disasters in

apan and the Wsa!di,ationX poli" o# Sa!di Ara&ia in 9hih the *o7ern$ent eno!ra*es

e$plo"$ent o# Sa!di nationals in the pri7ate setor 9hih is !rrentl" do$inated &" e8patriate


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9or:ers #ro$ So!theast Asia

+$)*re 7- Per'e"ta)e D$%tr$b*t$o" o> O+W

So*r'e< Nat$o"a Stat$%t$'% O>>$'e

(ased on the 011? to 01-1 S!r7e" on O7erseas Filipinos ond!ted &" the National

Statistis O##ie/ the $a'orit" o# Filipino 9or:ers deplo"ed a$e #ro$ CALA(AR4ON 9hih

o$prised -?6?Q/ -62Q/ -H62Q and -H61Q o# the total n!$&er #or 011?/ 011/ 011 and 01-1/

respeti7el"6 Central L!,on @-262Q #ollo9ed ne8t and the NCR @-.6Q is in .rd plae6 OF+

re$ittanes are !s!all" sent to relati7es in the 9or:er


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V- I">ra%tr*'t*re De/eop!e"t%

#- Tra"%portat$o"

+$)*re ,9- A")ee% C$t4% MaBor Roa# Net;or(%

Access

There are three @. $a'or entr" and e8it points in An*eles Cit"B

1. Z MaArth!r 3i*h9a"

2. Z North L!,on E8press9a"

-. Z S!&i;Clar:;Tarla E8press9a"


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Road Network

It 9as esti$ated that An*eles Cit" has a total o# 021601 :ilo$eters road len*th/ 9hih is

lassi#ied as #ollo9sB

Z National roads ) -1601 :$ @2Q

Z Cit" roads ) 0-H62. :$ @1Q

Z (aran*a" roads ) -.6>? :$ @HQ

Airport

Clar: International Airport @CR= is the $ain airport ser7in* the i$$ediate 7iinit" o#

the Clar: Speial Eono$i 4one and the *eneral area o# An*eles Cit" in the Philippines6 It also

ser7es the northern and entral re*ions o# L!,on/ as 9ell as Metro Manila and its i$$ediate

7iinit"6 The airport ser7es &oth passen*er and ar*o planes 9hih ro!tes are $ost to;and;#ro$

Asian o!ntries6 It has an a7era*e o# -H #li*hts per da" #ro$Jto di##erent Asian o!ntries6

+$)*re ,,- CRK% Per>or!a"'e H$)h$)ht% $" .9,,


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e- Co!!*"$'at$o"%

Teleo$$!niations o$pan" and internet ser7ie pro7iders inl!deB Datelo$/ Di*itel/ Glo&e

Teleo$/ PLDT/ S$art Co$$!niation/ PTT and S!n Cell!lar6

>- Po;er

The eletrial po9er is &ein* s!pplied &" An*eles Eletri Corporation @AEC6 It has a

apait" o# 262 M+ o# 9hih >1 M+ 9as pro7ided &" National Po9er Corp6 0?6> M+

*enerated &" the An*eles Po9er In6 and H6 M+ *enerated &" its o9n po9er plant6

)- Water S*pp4

An*eles Cit" +ater Distrit @AC+D pro7ides appro8i$atel" H1Q o# the 9ater re%!ire$ent o#

the it" and the re$ainin* 21Q is &ein* pro7ided &" pri7atel" o9ned 9ater o$panies6