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Science & Faith :
Conf l ic t or
Coherence?
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Science and religion cannot be
reconciled ... Religion has failed, and its
failures should be exposed. Science,
with its currently successful pursuit of
universal competence should be
acknowledged the king
--Prof Peter Atkins, Oxford U, in 1995
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Our world
is
shaped byscience
ScienceA foremostinfluence
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Science as it isdeveloping
today
GeneticsGenome mappingCloningStem cell research
Cosmology/cosmogonyOrigins and operations of the universe
Information technologycommunication revolutionmedia
Biotechnology
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Cloning..
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Stem cell
research
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TIME: Professor Dawkins, if one truly
understands science, is God then a delusion,as your book title suggests?
DAWKINS: The question of whether there
exists a supernatural creator, a God, is one ofthe most important that we have to answer. I
think that it is a scientific question. My answer
is no.
Professor for the Public
Understanding of
Science at Oxford
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TIME: Dr. Collins, you believe that science is
compatible with Christian faith.
COLLINS: Yes. God's existence is either true or
not. But calling it a scientific question implies that
the tools of science can provide the answer. Frommy perspective, God cannot be completely
contained within nature, and therefore God's
existence is outside of science's ability to really
weigh in.
Geneticist, Leader,
Human Genome
Project
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Only that which can
be proved orverified scientifically
is true.
But this claim itself cannot be
verified scientifically!
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"Gravitation can not be held
responsible
for people falling in love"
-Albert Einstein
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Apr. 8, 1966
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http://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19921228,00.htmlhttp://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,20050815,00.htmlhttp://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,20061113,00.html7/28/2019 Conflict Coherence
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Great leaps in Genetics& Cosmology
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TheTwo Booksmetaphor: Nature &Scripture
First, by the creation, preservation, and government ofthe universe, since that universe is before our eyeslike a beautiful book in which all creatures, greatand small, are as letters to make us ponder theinvisible things of God: his eternal power and hisdivinity
Second, he makes himself known to us more openlyby his holy and divine Word, as much as we need inthis life, for his glory and for the salvation of his
own.
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Nature
Science &
Philosophy
Theology,
Philosophy &
Hermenuetics
Scripture
God
Necessary
Agreement :
No Final
Conflict
Potential
Conflict
The Two Books metaphor: Nature & Scripture
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Were you aware of the factthatScienceiscompatible
withChristianity?
What is the Evidence?
The Universe had a beginning
Life is too complex to be explained by pure
naturalistic causes
The Anthropic principle
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The Universe had a Beginning
li f id
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Two lines of evidence
Second Law ofthermodynamics
Evidence of Big Bang
Expanding universe
Background radiation echo
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Second Law of Thermodynamics
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evidences
Second law of thermodynamics
Big Bang Theory
Fine-tuning of universe to support life
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Second law of thermodynamics
First law : actual amount of energy inthe physical universe remains constant (
law of conservation of energy)
Second law : usable amount of that
fixed energy is constantly decreasing.
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This law states that the amount ofusableenergyruns down
Hea
tLoss(
entropy)Second Law of
Thermodynamics
75%
25%Work OutEnergy In
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Unusableenergy
Usable energy
Second law : universe is running out
of usable energy
A Closed System
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The Universe is like a dying
flashlight
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The Big Bang
Evidence suggests that the big bang wasan orchestrated cosmic detonation.
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Expanding Universe
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Hot Big Bang cosmological model
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Evidences for Beginning
1965 : Microwave background radiation
Arno Penzias (1933-) & Robert Wilson
(1936-) of Bell Telephone laboratories.Received the Nobel prize for physics in1978
April 24, 1992 : Big-Bang RipplesObservation by (Cosmic BackgroundExplorer)COBE satellite of NASA.
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Evidence from cosmology
Big Bang
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Expanding universe
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Cosmic microwave radiation
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A television set with a picture
tube glows after being turned
off, due to the residual
radiation. I t is an effect of the
electrons that bombarded the
tube while the set was turned
on.
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Ripples from the big bang, seen here oneither side of the plane of the Milky Way,which is the bright horizontal band along
centre. This microwave map is a 'snapshot' ofthe creation event, showing radiation whichhas been traveling for more than fourteenbillion years. Picture : COBE Satellite NASA
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In the beginning, there was no time, no matter,not even space. Then in some unfathomable way,a universe emerged from a dimensionless point of
pure energyThis theory of an expanding universeemanating from a primordial big bang is theexplanation of creation held by nearly all scientist,for it best fits what they can actually observe.
U.S. News and World Report, March 26, 1990, 54
The Universe had a beginning
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Evidence that un iverse had a beginn ing?
THE UNIVERSE IS:
Expanding
A l l Direct ion s
Cosmic Map ofBackground Radiation
COBE SATELLITE
Background
Radiation
Running
Down
UNUSABLEENERGY
AClosedSystem
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Moment of creationFIVE INDEPENDENT lines of evidence - the
motions of galaxies, the primordial fireball,
the laws of thermodynamics, the abundance
of helium in the Universe and the life storyof the stars pointed to one conclusion; all
indicate that the universe
had a beginning. . . . Science has proven
that the Universe exploded into being at acertain moment. . . . The scientists
pursuit of the past ends in the moment of
creation. . . .RobertJastrow, afamousastrophysicist
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The universe is finite.
It had a beginning and the
primary cause must beinfinite (unlimited).
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Life is too
complex to be
explained by
natural causes
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY : What Caused
The Firs t Liv ing Cel l?
Darwins
Black Box
The CellFromDead Matter
To The First Living Cell
To TheOrigin of Species
Complexity of a single
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Complexity of a singlecell
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=1,000 Volumesof an Encyclopedia
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Evidence from microbiology
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The DNA is information-rich
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Where did the information come
from?Information on the DNA is specified and
complex
Many of the biochemical systems in ourbody is very complex (eg: Bloodclotting)
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Information that is specified
and complex
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Fred Hoyle suggested for life tohappened by chance would be similar to
hoping that somehow a tornado in ajunkyard would somehow manufacturefor us a Boeing 747.
Fred Hoyle, The Intelligent Universe(London: Michael Joseph, 1983), p. 19.
Life is too complex (information)
Can a Tornado really assemble
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Can a Tornado really assemblean airplane?
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The likelihood of the formation of life frominanimate matter is one to a number with 40thousand zeros after it. It is enough to bury Darwin
and the whole theory of evolution. There was noprimeval soup, neither on this planet or on any other,and if the beginnings of life were not random theymust therefore have been the product of purposefulintelligence.
Non-creationist Fred Hoyle cited in Nature, Nov.12, 1981, p. 105
An Astronomers Conclusion
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Is the belief that the Universe isbalanced on a razors edge in a
way to sustain life.
The universe is life-permitting and
life-supporting
3. The Anthropic Principle
D i f O
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Design of OurSolar System
Life Zone
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Our Galaxy
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Anthropic Principle
1. Oxygen comprises21% of theatmosphere. If itwere 25%, fireswould erupt; if itwere 15% humans
would suffocate.
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2. If the universe wasexpanding at a rate onemillionth more slowly than itis, the temperatures onearth would be 10,000
degrees!
The Anthropic Principle
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3. If the gravitational
force were altered by 1part in 1040, the sunwould not exist, and
the moon would crashinto the earth or sheeroff into space.
The Anthropic Principle
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4. If the centrifugal
force of planetarymovement did notprecisely balance the
gravitational forces,nothing could beheld in orbit aroundthe sun.
The Anthropic Principle
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Scientist Stephen HawkingIf the rate of the
expansion one secondafter the big bang hadbeen smaller by even
one part in a hundredthousand million million,the universe wouldhave re-collapsed
before it even reachedits present size.
Quoted in How It All Began in
Christianity Today, August 1988,p. 32
B l ki t th id th
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By looking at the evidence, there areonly two possible conclusion:
Either
Nothing created something intelligentout of nothing
ORAn intelligent Creator createdsomething out of nothing.
If there is no Creator, why is theresomething rather than nothing at all?
Astronomy leads us to ai t i hi h
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unique event, a universe whichwas created out of nothing,and delicately balanced to
provide exactly the conditionsrequired to support life . . . theobservations of modernscience seem to suggest an
underlying (one might saysupernatural) plan.
Arno A. Penzias,
Nobel Prize winner in physics (1978):
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A common sense interpretation of the
facts suggests that a superintellect hasmonkeyed with physics, as well as withchemistry and biology, and that there
are no blind forces worth speakingabout in nature. The numbers onecalculates from the facts seem to me sooverwhelming as to put this conclusion
almost beyond question. (Fred Hoyle)
Fred Hoyle : British
Astronomer
Stephen
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StephenHawking
"It is difficult to discuss thebeginning of the universewithout mentioning the concept ofGod ."
Stephen Hawking, Downs Interview, 20/20 program
on the ABC New Channel, July 21, 1989.
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Putting the pieces together
THE MARVEL OUTSIDE
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THEMARVELOUTSIDE
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THEWONDERINSIDE
All roads lead to First
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All roads lead to.First
Cause!!!
Telescope : First cause should beinfiniteand powerful (nothingcannot Produce something)
Microscope : First cause must beintelligent andpersonal
(personality cannot Come fromnon-personality)
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A universe charged with thegrandeur of God
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Science and faith
conflict or coherence?
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The choice is ours!
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