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PHARMACY INFORMATICS (PIX) An introduction to methods of gathering and using drug and
health related information from various sources with focus onICT using different web sites and search engines.
This course also emphasizes on the pharmacists ethical, legaland professional responsibilities in and challenges imposed bymodern technology applications in pharmaceutical caredelivery.
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Course OutlineI. INTRODUCTION TO DRUG AND HEALTH INFORMATION IN
PHARMACY PRACTICEII. ELECTRONIC INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND MODERN
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
III. DRUG AND HEALTH INFORMATION RESOURCESIV. DRUG INFORMATION SERVICE (DIS) PROCESS: THE
MODIFIED SYSTEMATIC AND STRUCTURED APPROACHV. LEGAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS OF DRUG INFORMATION
PROCESS
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Pharmacy Informatics a unique subset of medical informatics that focuses on the
use of information technology and drug information and tooptimize medication use
the use and integration of data, information, knowledge,technology, and automation in the medication-use process orthe purpose of improving health outcomes
ASHP Statement
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PharmacyInformatics
DrugInformation
ClinicalInformation
ToxicityInformation Pharmacists
Health CareProviders
Patients
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CONCEPT OF MEDICATIONINFORMATION AND ITS EVOLUTION
Introduction to Drug and Health Information in Pharmacy Practice
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Concept of Medication Information and its Evolution
Drug Information printed information in a
reference or verbalized byan individual that pertains tomedications
Specialist /practitioner/pharmacist /provider
Center /service /practice Function /skills
Medication Information management and use of
information on medicationtherapy
signify the broader role thatall pharmacists take ininformation provision
Drug Informatics: emphasizes the use of technology as anintegral tool in effectively organizing, analyzing, and managinginformation on medication use in patients.
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Drug Information Specialist: Subjects
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1960s: The word drug information was identified anddeveloped and was used in conjunction with the words centerand specialist
Problem: Finding a way to effectively communicate the wealth ofinformation to those needing it 1962: first drug information center was opened at University of
Kentucky Medical Center Other approaches: decentralizing pharmacists MEDLARS was developed 1963: The Nature and Magnitude of Drug Literature: National
Library of Medicine
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Drug literature is vast and complex. The very problem of definingwhat constitutes the literature is difficult
Drug literature is growing rapidly in size. It is also increasingly
complex, interdisciplinary and interprofessional in nature. Thus druginformation sprawls across many professional journals of the mostvaried types
Literature on clinical experience with drugs is sizable and is growing.Its effective use by the practitioner offers many difficulties
Competent evaluation of masses of drug information is particularlynecessary
Nature and Magnitude of Drug Literature
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1971: MEDLINE was introduced drug information specialist was viewed as a person who could bridge the
gap and effectively communicate drug information 1973: First formal survey: 54 pharmacist-operated centers in US 1990: 130 centers 1992: 154 centers
2003: significant decrease in drug information centers: centers-practitioners
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Clinical Pharmacy Concept o To demonstrate the ability to assume more responsibility in
providing input on patient drug therapy
o Pharmacists provide patient care that optimizes the use of
medication and promotes health, wellness, and diseaseprevention
o Tool: Clinical Drug Literature
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What is the most fundamentalresponsibility of pharmacists?
Provide medication information Specific Patients Group of Patients
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Medication Information ServicesSupport clinical services
Answer questions
PTC activity
PublicationsEducation
Medication use evaluation
Investigation medication control
Coordination of reporting programs
Poison information
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Medication Information SkillsAssess available information and gather situational data needed to characterizequestion or issue
Formulate appropriate question(s)
Use a systematic approach to find needed information
Evaluate information critically for validity and applicability
Develop, organize, and summarize response for question or issue
Communicate clearly when speaking or writing, considering the audience level
Anticipate other information needs
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Factors Influencing the Evolution of thePharmacist's Role as a Medication Information
Provider Changing philosophy of practice
Prevention of adverse drug events (ADEs)
Growth of information technology Changes in the health care environment with a focus on
evidence-based medicine and the evaluation of outcomes
Sophistication of medication therapy
Self-care movement
Consumerism
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