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COMPOSITE FABRICATION
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Composite Fabrication
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Pultrusion
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Pultrusion
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Pultrusion
Advantages
Continuous process.
Can be fully automated
ow cos er an res n sys em usproduce low cost production product.
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Pultrusion
Disadvantages
Only for constant cross section product.
Internally high tolerance part cannot be.
Thin wall cannot be produced.
Only 00 direction can be produced or use
fabric. Parts are constant dimension axially.
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Filament Winding
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Filament Winding
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Filament Winding
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Filament Winding
Advantages
Very suitable for pressure vessel applicationdue to cost effective and high performance
Low cost tooling system
Automated setting for high volume
production
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Filament Winding
Disadvantages
Limited to produce closed and convexstructure.
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Maximum 60 % of fiber volume fraction canbe achieved.
Hard to obtained unique fiber distribution
and resin content throughout the thicknessof the laminate.
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Wet Lay Up
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Wet Lay Up
Advantages
Low capital investment due to almostnegligible expensive equipment is used.
Production and material cost is low
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Wet Lay Up
Labor intensive
Mostly suitable for prototyping or largestructure
ua ty o n s part s not cons stent
High fiber volume fraction parts cannotbe produce
The process is messy
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Pre-Preg Lay Up
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Pre Preg Lay Up
Advantages
Can achieve high fiber volume fraction
Easily manufacture the simple and complex
Suitable for making prototype parts
Low tooling cost
Strong and stiff part can be fabricated from
this process
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Pre Preg Lay Up
Disadvantages
High investment cost
Labor intensive and not suitable for high
Parts are expensive
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Vacuum Bagging
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Vacuum Bagging
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Basic Requirement for vacuumBagging
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Application Sequence
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Even clamping pressure Control of resin content Custom shapes Efficient laminating Mobility of operation
Advantages
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Limited to small surface area
Disadvantages
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Vacuum bagging
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Press/Compression Molding
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Press/ Compression Molding
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Press/Compression Molding
Advantages
High volume rate production
Low cost production at high volume.
possibilities
Multiparts can be consolidated into onesingle molded part
More rapid design to production schedules.
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Press/Compression Molding
Disadvantages
High initial investment cost
Not suitable of making low volume parts or.
Use for nonstructural parts.
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Resin Transfer Molding
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Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)
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Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)
Advantages
Low initial investment cost
Molding can be made close to dimensionaltolerances
Intermediate volume production rate
Can easily incorporated inserts for good joining andassembly features
Low volatile emission due closed molding process.
Less scrap
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Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)
Disadvantages
Go through trial-and-error with experimentation
Tooling and equipment cost are higher than
Complex tooling design.
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SCRIMP
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SCRIMP
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SCRIMP
Advantages
Suitable of making high volume structural
parts at low cost especially.
configurations can be made.
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SCRIMP
Disadvantages
Large capital investment
High tooling cost
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Mold Release Application
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Peel Ply or Release Fabric
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Release Fil
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Breather/ Bleeder Application
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Sealant Tape
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