COMMUNITY BASED FOREST MANAGEMENT
WHAT IS CFM?
Relevant info + Inclusive participation = CFM
JFM V/S CFM
Social Composition JFM – women, cast and tribe CFM - Existing village council structure
Type JFM – Formal, CFM – Informal, autonomous
Ownership JFM – State CFM - Private
WHY CFM ?
Development of poor forest communities Potential to generate income and
employment Sustainable management Enhance the capacity of NTFP stakeholders Micro and small enterprise products such as
matchsticks, pencils, toothpicks, skewer sticks, blinds etc, as well as medium-scale industrial panel products that rival wood products
CFM: COMMUNITY DRIVEN
Variable land ownership Strong community use rights Communities make decisions State monitors, regulates and guides Forests meet local needs first Often strong commercial focus
INDIA AND CFM
Communities – Keepers To restore denuded
forests NE – 12000 to 15000
villages involved Protecting 1-2 million ha
CONTINUED..
Decentralized, grassroots moment Coordinated through traditional or informal
cultural institutions Major states
S- Bihar West Bengal Orissa N-Andhra Pradesh NE ( Meghalya, Manipur)
MP – recent survey informal groups
CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIAN CFM
Forest – Tribal interface cultural and economic ties
Local Environment concern Resource depletion Changing microclimate Ground water
Supportive actors NGO Forest field staff
CASE STUDY
Report on Difficulties in CFM affecting forest dependent communities in Orissa
LEGAL NON RECOGNITION OF CFM
Why? Non-monetary philosophy of CFM Unidirectional nature of govt. Homogenizing tendencies of the modern law
making process by government.
DIFFICULTIES
It is difficult to motivate villagers for protection of forest without giving them incentives.
Technical competence, capacity to raise resources of community forestry enterprises questioned
Villagers may not get any incentives by protecting forest against smugglers, poachers etc.
Creating a focus on strengthening forest based livelihood rather than immediate benefits .
FINDINGS
Undertake forest protection and management involving communities based on the local needs.
Take baby steps rather than chasing a target in a small time span.
The community should be given power to protect and manage forest.
Recognition to community forest management initiative
MEMBERS OF BAJRAKOT FOREST PROTECTION COMMITTEE, RANPUR, ORISSA, BEGINNING A NIGHT WATCH OF THE FOREST.
CFM AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Vast potential for vast potential for poverty reduction and rural economic wellfare while also supporting conservative goals.
Requires integrated solutions: - like WB/JBIC aided projects
SOME PROGRESS … DFID supported and planning work in Orissa
and Himachal Pradesh ISRO work in Karnataka and Kerala on
monitoring with forest inventory, watershed, biodiversity
Bank-supported work in Jharkhand on forest livelihoods monitoring systems
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
ICT can make significant contributions. Two area of Forest Management
Resource monitoring by Firehawk. Raising awareness of sustainable practices
ICT AND CFM
Using specially developed mapping tools Non-literate indigenous map their resources
prior to any logging in their traditional forest Development of computer mapping tools,
automated GPS Maps provide the community with evidence
of their key resources and forest use
STRENGTHS OF CFM
Due to absence of govt. control , decision making process is faster .
Presence of strong motivational factor as the projects are initiated by the people living around the forests rather than a third party.
Better control over the various aspects due to limited size .
Villages feel responsible for the protected areas & use their indigenous knowledge for its protection to the max. effect .
LIMITATIONS
How long can you sustain CFM?
What guarantee is there that the forest won’t be mismanagement
Not fully inclusive participation
THANK YOU
Top Related