C.O.E. MODULE-ECBT: 4. BASIC Electrical Wiring & Winding
DURATION: 8 Week Industrial Training Institute - Vyara
Slide 2
Course Content Fonda mental of electricity Electrical word,
definition and unit Wiring System Requirement of electrical
installation Types of wiring System. TW Batten wiring PVC Casing
Capping Wiring Conduit Pipe Wiring. IE Rules of Wiring.
Slide 3
Multy Storage wiring. Wiring Installation Diagram and Symbol.
Fault of Wiring. Magger. DC Motor and its Speed Control. Motor use
in industries. Starter. Winding. Telephone Wiring. Transformer
Winding.
Slide 4
Fundamental concept of electrical energy Introduction.
Importance of electricity. Use of electricity 1. In industries :
Heating, welding, electroplating. 2. Domestic : Light, fan, heater,
washing machine. 3. Commercial: Cinema, Lift, water pump, lighting,
adverting display.
Slide 5
Direct Current. Alternating current. Source of electricity.
1.Battery. 2.Dc generator. 3.Alternator.
Slide 6
Electrical word, Definition & Unit Electromotive force.
(emf) Current Resistance One Ampere One volt Electric power One
watt ( W ) One Ohms Electric energy One kilo watt hour Specific
resistance
Slide 7
Wiring introduction & system Introduction of wiring. Types
of wiring as using. 1.Domestic Wiring. 2.Commercial Wiring.
3.Industrial wiring. Wiring System 1.Tree System. 2.Looping System.
(a)Switch and two plate ceiling rose or switch and batten holder
lopping. (b)Three plate ceiling rose looping. (c)In junction box
looping
Slide 8
Indian electricity rules pertaining to Domesting wiring
Electrical Supply line and equipment s construction, Installation,
protection, operation and safety. Consumer s service line and
equipment. Cut out in consumers area. Introduction of earth
conductor and earth neutral position of switch and cut out. Earth
terminal in consumers area. Handling of electrical supply line and
equipment. Supply of energy and uses. Seal of meter and cut
out.
Slide 9
Introduction of wiring. Types of wiring according to the Uses.
1.Domestic Wiring. 2.Commercial Wiring. 3.Industrial Wiring.
WIRING
Introduction The types of wiring to be adopted is dependent on
various factors, viz, durability, safety, appearance, cost,
consumers budget etc. Cleat wiring This System uses insulated
Cables sub protected in porcelain cleats. CLEAT WIRING
Slide 15
Cleat wiring is recommended only for temporary installations.
The cleats are made in pairs having bottom and top halves. The
bottom half is grooved to receive the wire and the top half is for
cable grip. Initially the bottom and top cleats are fixed on the
wall loosely according to the layout. Then the cable is drawn,
tensioned and the cleats are tightened by the screw. Cleats are of
three types, having one, two or three grooves, so as to receive
one, two or three wires. Two types of cleats.
Slide 16
Cleat wiring is one of the cheapest wiring considering the
initial cost and labor, and is most suitable for temporary wiring.
This wiring can be quickly installed, easily inspected and altered.
When not required, this wiring could be dismantled without damage
to the cables, cleats and accessories
Slide 17
Slide 18
B.I.S. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CLEAT WIRING General This system
shall not be employed for wiring on damp walls or ceilings unless
precautions are adopted for effectively preventing dampness and
thus the deterioration of the insulation of the conductors.
Accessibility Cleat wiring shall be run, as far as practicable, so
as to be visible. In positions where they would be liable to
mechanical injury and where they are less than 1.5 m above the
floor, they shall be adequately protected.
Slide 19
Class of cables Vulcanized rubber insulted cables, PVC and
polythene insulted cables, braided or unbraided insulted cables
could be used without any further protection. Cleats All cleats
shall consist of two parts, a base piece and a cap. Cleats shall be
fixed at distances not more than 60 cm apart and at regular
intervals.
Slide 20
Where cleat wiring is laid along an iron joist, porcelain
cleats shall be inserted either with varnished wood fillets or
varnished wood clamps securely fixed so as to prevent the
conductors from coming in contact with the metal along witch they
are passing. Fixing of cleats In ordinary cases, cleats shall be
attached to wooden plugs fixed to the walls
Slide 21
Distance apart of wires For pressure up to 250 volts, cleats
shall be of such dimensions that in the case of branch loads,
conductors shall not be less than 2.5 cm apart, centre to centre,
and in the case of sub-mains not less than 4 cm apart, centre to
centre. Care shall be taken in selecting the size of cleats
particularly for branch distribution wiring where two-way and
three-way porcelain cleats are essential and the difference in size
shall be reasonable. Care should
Slide 22
also be taken ensure that grooves f porcelain cleats are
essential and the difference in size shall be reasonable. Care
should also be taken ensure that grooves of porcelain cleats do not
compress the insulation nor be too wide for a loose fit. Under no
circumstances two wires shall be placed in one groove of the
porcelain cleats.
Slide 23
Crossing of conductors Where cleated conductors cross each
other they shall be separated by an insulating bridging piece,
which will rigidly maintain a distance of atleast1.3 cm between the
conductors. Where joints are required for connecting bifurcating
wires, junction boxes with porcelain connectors inside shall be
used. Protection near the floor No cleat wiring shall be left
unprotected up to 1.5 m above the floor level. When brought through
the floor it shall be enclosed in a conduit. (IS 732-1963)
Slide 24
Batten Wiring Tough rubber-Sheathed (T.R.S.) or PVC- Sheathed
cables are suitable to run on teak wood battens. Varnishing of teak
wood batten Method of securing the battens Suitability of tough
rubber-sheathed cable Suitability of PVC sheathed cable Painting
Bending in wiring Passing through the walls Buried cable BATTEN
WIRING
Slide 25
Link Clips Link clips are used for family clipping the cables
in position. Link clips are of two types. Link clip which has
separate linking eye. Joint link clip which has combined linking
eye. Link clip are available in the following size.
Slide 26
25mm, 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, 63mm, 80mm, out of which up to 40mm
clips have one hole, while above that they have two holes for
fixing. Fig2 shows the joint link clips. These are available in the
sizes 16mm, 25mm, 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, 63mm, 80mm with a thickness of
0.32mm and have one hole up to 40mm while above that they have two
hole for fixing. Link clips are made of tin or brass- coated tin or
aluminum.
Slide 27
Slide 28
Introduction This system of wiring is suitable for low voltage
installation, in this wiring, cables like vulcanized rubber,
insulated cables or plastic insulated cables are use and carried
within the wood casing enclosures. The wood casing wiring system
shall not be use in damp places and in ill-ventilated places,
unless suitable precautions are taken. CASING CAPPING WIRING
Slide 29
Material and pattern of casing All casing shall be of first
class, seasoned teak wood or any other approved hardwood free from
knots, shakes, saps or other defects, with all the sides planed to
a smooth finish, and all sides well varnished, both inside and out
side with pure shellac varnish. The casing shall have a grooved
body with a beaded or plain- molded cover as desired.
Slide 30
Dimensions of casing. The size of casing and capping to be used
for various sizes of 250 volts grade insulated cables in a groove
shall be in accordance with those specified in table 1. Bunching of
circuits. Attachment of casing to wall and ceiling. Attachment of
capping. Passing over the floors. Joints in casing and
capping.
Introduction In general, a conduit is defined as a tube or
channel. Tubular conduit is the most commonly used material in
electrical installations. When cables are drawn through the conduit
and terminated at the outlet or switch points, the system of wiring
is called conduit wiring. CONDUIT WIRING
Slide 38
Types of conduits. There are four types of conduits used for
wiring. 1.Rigid steel conduit 2.Rigid non-metallic conduit
3.Flexible steel conduit 4.Flexible non metallic conduit.
DC Motor Introduction of DC motor. Principal and operation of
DC motor. Motor Characteristics. Types of Dc motor. 1.DC Shunt
Motor 2.DC Series Motor 3.DC Compound Motor. 4.DC Different ional
Compound Motor Starting of DC Motor Speed Control of DC Motor.
Slide 48
AC MOTOR Different types of variable speed AC Motors and their
control. Different types of motors used in industries. Squirrel
cage induction motor Slip ring induction motor Single phase
induction motor
Slide 49
Classification and cooling methods Motor size, speed and their
method of wiring Motor connection and earthling Application of
3-point, 4 point star delta starters.
Slide 50
Single Phase Motor Introduction Types of Single phase induction
motor. Shaded pole motor Capacitor Start Induction run motor
Capacitor start capacitor run motor.
Slide 51
Starter Introduction Requirement of Starter Different types of
Starter Direct on line Starter Auto Transformer Starter Star-Delta
Starter Rotor resistance Starter Working principal of all different
types of starter.
Slide 52
Lay out symbol of electrical Installation Fault finding of
electrical Installation Magger Telephone wiring
Slide 53
MEGGER Introduction Varies uses of megger 1) To measure
insulation resistance of wire. 2) Testing of faults. 3) Testing of
continuities of circuits. 4) To measure earth resistance. Structure
of megger Megger use as a earth tester
Slide 54
Winding Introduction DC machine winding 1.Lap winding 2.Wav
winding - Pole Pitch, Back pitch, Front pitch, winding pitch, coil
pitch. AC machine winding 1.Single phase winding 2.Three phase
winding 1. Single layer winding 2. Double layer winding
Slide 55
Transformer winding Introduction of transformer winding Prepare
data of transformer