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CMAC111Acupuncture Channel Theory
www.endeavour.edu.au
Session 11
Circulation of Qi
6 Divisions
Channels & Collaterals of the Stomach
Chinese Medicine Department All channel diagrams used with permission.
Deadman, P., Al-Khafaji, M., & Baker, K. (2007). A manual of acupuncture (2nd ed.).
Hove, East Sussex: Journal of Chinese Medicine Publications.
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Circulation of Qi through Channels
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Flow of Qi through the Channels
Diurnal flow is the uninterrupted flow of qi through all of the main meridians.
Starts•Lung channel
Progresses•through all 12 main channels
Last•Liver Channel
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Hand Yin Chest to Hand
Hand Yang Hand to Head
Foot Yang Head to Foot
Foot Yin Foot to Chest
Pathway of Channels on the Limbs
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The Diurnal FlowLungs
Large Intestine
Stomach
Spleen
Heart
Small Intestine
Bladder
Kidneys
Pericardium
San Jiao
Gall Bladder
Liver
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6 Divisions
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Nomenclature of Channels
Hand Yin
Lung Channel of Hand Tai YinPericardium Channel of Hand Jue Yin
Heart Channel of Hand Shao Yin
Hand Yang
Large Intestine Channel of Hand Yang Ming
Triple Burner Channel of Hand Shao Yang
Small Intestine Channel of Hand Tai Yang
Foot Yang
Stomach Channel of Foot Yang Ming
Gallbladder Channel of Foot Shao Yang
Bladder Channel of Foot Tai Yang
Foot Yin
Spleen Channel of Foot Tai YinLiver Channel of Foot Jue Yin
Kidney Channel of Foot Shao Yin
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6 Division Pairs
• Often target similar problem areas of the body
• Can be used to treat problems of the other channel
o Eg.
o Stomach Channel of foot Yang Ming
o Sometimes used to treat shoulder problems of
o Large Intestine Channel of hand Yang Ming
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Class Activity
o Is there any pattern with the grouping of these channels according to their
names?
o Looking at an Acupuncture chart or model, is there any pattern you can detect with these two methods of
channel classification?
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Channels of the Hand & Foot
Lung meridian of Hand Tai YinPericardium meridian of Hand Jue Yin
Heart meridian of Hand Shao Yin
Large Intestine meridian of Hand Yang Ming Triple Burner meridian of Hand Shao Yang Small Intestine meridian of Hand Tai Yang
Stomach meridian of Foot Yang Ming Gallbladder meridian of Foot Shao Yang
Bladder meridian of Foot Tai Yang
Spleen meridian of Foot Tai Yin Liver meridian of Foot Jue Yin
Kidney meridian of Foot Shao Yin
Denotes origin/end of channel
Denotes Yin/Yang nature
Denotes meridian pairing
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Channel Pairings of the 6 DivisionsLung meridian of Hand Tai Yin
Spleen meridian of Foot Tai Yin
Heart meridian of Hand Shao YinKidney meridian of Foot Shao Yin
Pericardium meridian of Hand Jue YinLiver meridian of Foot Jue Yin
Bladder meridian of Foot Tai YangSmall Intestine meridian of Hand Tai Yang
Large Intestine meridian of Hand Yang MingStomach meridian of Foot Yang Ming
Gallbladder meridian of Foot Shao YangTriple Burner meridian of Hand Shao Yang
Deadman, Al-Khafaji & Baker 2007, p. 158
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6 Division Pairs
• Often target similar problem areas of the body
• Can be used to treat problems of the other channel.
Deadman, Al-Khafaji & Baker 2007, p. 158
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Group Work6 Divisions
• Break into 6 groups
• Each group finds one example of using a division pair together.
• You may need to consider
o Channel actions and indications
o Channel pathways
o Organ functions
• Report back to the class as a whole
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The Stomach (ST)Foot Yang Ming
Cchannels & CollateralsDeadman, Al-Khafaji & Baker (2007, pp. 123-128)
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Stomach (Foot Yang Ming)Channel System
o The Stomach (Foot Yang Ming) Primary channel
o The Stomach Divergent channel
o The Stomach Luo-connecting collateral
o The Stomach Sinew channel
o The Stomach Cutaneous region
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Regular Points
45 points
Connecting Zang Fu
Stomach Spleen
Main Channel Connections with other
channels
Large Intestine Bladder Governor
Gall Bladder Conception
The Stomach (ST) Foot Yang MingPrimary Channel
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Pathway of the Stomach Channel
Stomach Channel (Deadman et al., 2007, pp. 125-128)
ST-1, 4, 5, 6, 8
ST-11, 12, 18, 19
St 30, 31
St 36, 39, 40
St 41,45
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Internal Pathway of the Stomach Channel
o Deviates from the main channel at ST-12
o Connects with GV14 and the Ren channel
o Connects with the Stomach and Spleen
o A branch from the pyloric orifice descends to rejoin the
external pathway at ST-30
Stomach Channel (Deadman et al., 2007, pp. 125-128)
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External Pathway of the Stomach Channel
o Begins at the lateral side of the nose at LI-20
o Ascends to the medial canthus BL-1.
o Then descend to ST1Stomach Channel & ST 1 (Deadman et al., 2007, pp. 125-128)
ST-1
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External Pathway of the Stomach Channel cont’d
o Enters the upper gum
o Curves around the lips meeting GV28, GV26 and CV24.
o Runs across the cheek to ST5
o And (intersecting with the GB channel) arises to the hairline at
ST8 and across to GV24.Stomach Channel (Deadman et al., 2007, pp. 125-128)
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External Pathway of the Stomach Channel
Stomach Points (Deadman et al., 2007, pp. 125-128)
ST Channel Human Head (Lian, Chen Hammes & Kolster, 2005, p. 51)
ST-4
ST-5
ST-6
ST-8
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External Pathway of the Stomach Channel
o A branch separates at ST5
o Descends the SCM muscle to ST-11& ST12 in the supraclavicular fossa.
ST Channel & Points (Deadman et al., 2007, pp. 125-128)
ST-11
ST-12
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External Pathway of the Stomach Channel
o The channel descends 4 cun from the midline
o To ST-18 in the 5th
intercostal space
o Then connects with ST-19, 2 cun from the midline
and descends the abdomen to ST-30
ST 18 & 30 (Deadman et al., 2007)
ST-18
ST-30
ST-18
ST-19
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External Pathway of the Stomach Channel (cont’d)
St 18
ST Channel Human Chest & Abdo. (Lian et al., 2005, p. 51)
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External Pathway of the Stomach Channel (cont’d)
o Traverses the antero-lateral aspect of the thigh, through
ST-31
o Travelling on the straight line from ASIS to latero-superior
border of patella
Stomach Channel (Deadman et al., 2007)
A.S.I.S.
lower border of pubic symphysis
ST-31
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External Pathway of the Stomach Channel (cont)
• Descends alongside the lateral margin of the tibia, to the dorsum of the foot
Stomach Points (Deadman et al., 2007)
ST-36
ST-39
ST-40
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External Pathway of the Stomach Channel (cont’d)
Terminates at the lateral side of the tip of the second toe at ST-45.
Stomach Channel & Points (Deadman et al., 2007)
ST-41
ST-45
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Deadman, Al-Khafaji & Baker 2007, pp. 125-128
External Pathway of the Stomach Channel
(cont’d)
A further branch
o Separates from the main channel at ST-36, and terminates at the lateral aspect of the middle toe.
A further branch
o Separates on the dorsum of the foot at ST-42 and terminates at the medial side of the tip of the big toe at SP-l.
Stomach Channel (Deadman et al., 2007)
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External Pathway of the Stomach Channel
ST Channel Human Leg (Lian et al., 2005, p. 51)
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Actions & Indications of the Stomach Channel
o Gastrointestinal disorders
o Disorders of the head, face, eye, nose, mouth and teeth
o Febrile diseases and mania
o Disorders along the channel region
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Luo-Connecting Channel of the Stomach
o Originates at ST-40 the on the lateral side of the lower leg
o Travels to the medial aspect of the lower leg to join with the
Spleen channel
o Ascends the leg and trunk to the neck and head
o Travels internally to terminate at the throat.
Stomach Luo (Deadman et al., 2007)
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Indications of the Luo-connecting channel of the Stomach
o Sore throat, loss of voice
o Mania
o Weakness and muscle atrophy of the lower leg
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Divergent Channel of the Stomach• From the thigh
• Ascends and enters o Abdomen
o Stomach
o Disperses in Spleen
o Heart
• Ascends o Alongside the oesophagus
o Mouth & bridge of the nose
o Infraorbital region, eye and brain
• Reunites with primary Stomach channel
Stomach Divergent (Deadman et al., 2007)
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Sinew Channel of the Stomach
Stomach Sinew (Deadman et al., 2007)
Begins at the middle three toes and binds
on the dorsum of the foot
Ascends the lateral aspect of the tibia and
binds at the lateral aspect of the knee
Passes through the lower ribs into the
spine
Binds at the hip joint
Connects with the GB channel sinew at
the knee
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Sinew Channel of the Stomach cont’d
Stomach Sinew (Deadman et al., 2007)
A sub branchSeparates at the jaw and binds in front of
the ear.
Ascends the abdomen and chest and binds at ST-12
Ascend the thigh & binds in the pelvic region above the
genitals.
A branchRuns along the tibia
and binds at the knee
Ascends the neck to the jaw, mouth &
side of nose. Binds below the nose.
Joins the BL sinew channel to form a
muscular net around the eye, known as the
‘lower net. (the BL sinew channel forms
the ‘upper net’)
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Indications of Stomach Sinew Channel
o Strained middle toe
o Cramping of the lower leg
o Spasmodic twitching and hardness of the muscles of the leg, spasm of the thigh
o Swelling or hernia of the anterior inguinal region
o Abdominal spasm that extends to the supraclavicular fossa region and cheek
o Sudden deviation of the mouth
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Cutaneous Regions of the Yang Ming
Yangming Cutaneous (Deadman et al., 2007)
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Primary Channel Case Study
• Alex has had sore red eyes for 1 day. He says it is due to recurrent allergy to pollen.
• He is using over the counter eye drops suggested by his G.P. but finds acupuncture helps give faster improvement.
Foto Conjunctivitis (Ansevilu, n.d.)
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Primary Channel Case Study
• Develop a list of channels that reach the eye.
• Select two channels you would use to treat Alex.
• Give a reason/s for your selection.
• Report back to the class.
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• Vanessa has felt nauseous and had occasional vomiting for the past week. She has a positive home pregnancy test, but has not visited her G.P. yet.
• Suggest three channels you would use to help Vanessa.
• Give reasons for your selection.
• What other advice would you give to Vanessa.
Primary Channel Case Study
Vomiting (JoepBC, 2014)
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Sinew Channel Case Study
A 25 year old man presents with what he describes as pain and stiffness in his “pecs”.
• Diagnose affected channel sinews.
• You may wish to view the following link in your own time.
http://peterborten.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/sinew-composite2.pdf
Male chest (Godson, 2016)
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Group WorkDivide into groups of 2
• Palpate sinew channels diagnosed in the case study. Note any ashi points.
• Using a chinagraph pencil or eyeliner, locate the pathway of the Stomach channel using main points as landmarks
• Locate the abdominal and chest sections of pathway of Spleen, Kidney and Conception Channels.
• Observe where these sit in relation to Stomach channel and each other.
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ReferencesAnsevilu. (n.d.). Foto Conjunctivitis [Image]. Retrieved March 2, 2016, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Conjunctivitis_1.jpg
Deadman, P., Al-Khafaji, M., & Baker, K. (2007). A manual of acupuncture (2nd ed.). Hove, East Sussex: Journal of Chinese Medicine Publications. [Available as web app 2013, mobile app 2009 or text 2007]
JoepBC. (2014). A vomiting cartoon, originally drawn for a Dutch blog about alcohol consumption [Image]. Retrieved March 2, 2016, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vomiting_cartoon.svg
Godson, D. (2016). Male Chest. Endeavour College of Natural Health, Brisbane.
Lian, Y., Chen, C., Hammes, M. & Kolster, B. (2005). Pictorial Atlas of Acupuncture, H.H.Ullmann, Marburg.
Maciocia, G. (2015). The foundations of Chinese medicine, (3rd ed.). Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
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