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  • 1. Feminism and Feminist Research Re-Visioning the Man-Made World Michael Crotty Presentation Group 5 Wright and Clinger

2. What is Feminism? O The advocacy of womens rights on the grounds of political, social, and economic equality to men. O Merriam Webster Dictionary O Feminism speaks with one voice in characterizing the world it experiences O (Crotty, 1998, p.160) 3. What is Feminism? O Mens own interests are utterly at stake. They are, after all, victims as well as perpetrators of patriarchy and sexism O patriarchy and sexism are not fetters worn by females only; they severely limit human possibility for males as well. O (Crotty, 1998, 162) 4. Plural, Not Singular O People may speak and write of feminism in the singular, just as they speak and write of positivism, interpretivism and critical theory in the singular, but there are, of course, many feminisms. O (Crotty, 1998, p.160) O There are many Feminisms, but even these categories can be limiting. 5. Liberal Feminism O Reformist O Based in the humanism of liberal political thought (Crotty, 1998, 163) O Personal autonomy should be protected O State should protect civil liberties and not interfere with lives of individuals 6. Liberal Feminism O Egalitarian or Welfare Focuses on social justice Wants state intervention to provide equality 7. Marxist Feminism O Revolutionary O Changes in structure of classes is the major goal O Focuses on womens work, both paid and unpaid O View Capitalism as source of oppression for women 8. Radical Feminism O The oldest, most profound and most widespread oppression of all. (Crotty, 1998, p.164) O Serves as the baseline for understanding other types of oppression O Sexual and reproductive concerns are paramount 9. Psychoanalytic Feminism O Stems from Freudian theory O Sexuality is a focus O Freud often seen as being at odds with Feminism, but many Feminists identify with his ideas 10. Socialist Feminism O A confluence of Marxist, radical and, more arguably, psychoanalytic streams of feminist thought. (Tong, 1995, p.173) O Draws on strong points of each of these theories O An attempt to unify Feminists who come from different schools of thought 11. Existentialist Feminism O Simone de Beauvoirs The Second Sex (1953) is the key text O Reflects on the human condition O Focus on Self and Other with men being the self and women the other. O To combat myths, women need to join the workforce, entering the ranks of intellectuals and taking part in socialist transformation. 12. Postmodern Feminism O Focuses on the breakdown of traditional ideals: O Beautiful/ugly O Happy/sad O Weak/strong O Funny/sullen O Reason/emotion O Self/other O Oedipal phasessymbolic to language 13. Feminist Epistemology O Women speak in a different voice.men and women have different ways of perceiving the world and relating to it. O Crotty, 1998, p.174 O The fundamental act of knowing is different for women. p. 174 14. Feminist Epistemology O Radical feminismTo bring revolutionary change within the realm of the possible (Chester in Crotty, p. 172) O Siegfried notes that feminine traits ,can be understood as the expression of a feminine style without implying that all women think this way or that no men do. (Crotty, p. 172) 15. Feminist Epistemology O Feminist insights are grounded in and stem from a specifically feminist viewpoint. (Crotty, p. 173) O Jagger identifies,a continuous feedback loop between our emotional constitution and our theorizing such that each continually modifies the other and is in principle inseparable from it. (Crotty, p. 175) 16. Feminist Epistemology O Emotions become feminist when they incorporate feminist perceptions and values. (Jagger in Crotty, p. 176) O Feminism is a movement to change the way one looks at the world and feminist theory is part of that struggle. (Crotty, p. 176) 17. Conclusion O Women researchers are NOT: Qualitative rather than quantitative Constructivist rather than objectivist Experiential rather than cerebral Interactive rather than non-involved Caring rather than dispassionate A seeking of shared understanding rather than an attempt to prove a point Action-oriented rather than theoretical Collaborative and participative rather than otherwise 18. O Feminists are not worried about inherent differences between the sexes, but about discrimination because of those differences. O Research is re-vision. O Feminist research addresses the world to know it differently than we have ever known itand to fashion it anew. (Rich in Crotty, p. 182)