CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS: Eva Touhey, Program Manager, Clean Ocean Access Jessica Frascotti, Program Coordinator, Clean Ocean Access Dave McLaughlin, Executive Director, Clean Ocean Access Conner Hayes, Science Intern, Clean Ocean Access
Clean Ocean Access | May 29, 2018
Clean Ocean Access 2008-2017 Water Quality
Monitoring Summary Report
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Clean Ocean Access collected 4,309 water samples on a weekly basis at several popular swimming
locations and likely source areas of Enterococci along the Aquidneck Island shoreline and watershed from
January 4, 2008 to December 29, 2017. Clean Ocean Access extends sincere appreciation to the volunteers
and their tireless effort that allows this program to continue, and equally to City of Newport for funding
support from the annual budget, Town of Middletown for funding support from civic appropriations, and
Rhode Island Department of Health for supporting the year-round water quality monitoring working
towards permanent year-round clean water.
While year to year variation may occur due to a variety of circumstances, overall water quality has
improved, however, elevated and persistent bacteria levels are still present at some locations, and new
issues have been identified and require resolution. These impairments must be addressed in the years to
come by a combination of gray and green infrastructure solutions, and efforts by all island residents to
transform our built-landscape into an environment that absorbs stormwater runoff and reduces pollutant
loading into our recreational waters.
The Clean Ocean Access year-round weekly water quality monitoring program is a citizen science initiative
aimed to directly empower the community to provide monitoring data for use in decision making as part
of a sound water quality management plan that includes regular water quality testing, timely identification
of point and nonpoint source of pollutants, and effective remediation. The program aims to achieve our
long-term goal of permanent year-round clean water as part of the Clean Water Act.
The environmental data collected is integrated with “standard” data collected by state & federal agencies
and shared with scientists, residents, stakeholders and policy makers to influence science, decision-
making and have an impact at many levels, via effective and open communication. Weekly water samples
collected over a nine-year period provides an opportunity for quantitative long-term trend analysis.
During this period, the communities of the City of Newport and Town of Middletown have made
significant investments to address the pollution problems facing the Aquidneck Island shoreline and
watershed. Island wide coalitions and projects, such as the Green Infrastructure Coalition and Island
Waters are poised to advance Aquidneck Island towards permanent year-round clean water to improve
the water quality, so our beaches are swimmable and fishable, and our ponds and reservoirs require
minimal treatment to provide abundant safe drinking water for our residents and visitors.
It is emphasized that this program focuses on locations that are known for swimming and ocean activities,
although not all are necessarily recognized as designated swimming areas. The commitment and
endorsement of this activity complements existing efforts and further demonstrates the partnership of
the community and city/state/federal agencies.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 PROGRAM ACTIVITIES .............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.1 MISSION .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
1.2 BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 PROGRAM STAFF ................................................................................................................................................. 8
1.4 FUNDING ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
1.5 SAMPLING METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................ 9
1.6 WATER QUALITY HISTORY ................................................................................................................................... 9
1.7 WATER QUALITY STANDARDS ............................................................................................................................. 9
1.8 WATER QUALITY – LABORATORY TESTING METHOD ........................................................................................ 10
1.9 MONITORING WEBSITE ..................................................................................................................................... 10
2.0 SAMPLING LOCATIONS .......................................................................................................................................... 11
2.1 EASTON’S POINT ................................................................................................................................................ 11
2.2 EASTON’S BEACH (EAST) ................................................................................................................................... 11
2.3 OCHRE POINT (RUGGLES AVENUE) ................................................................................................................... 12
2.4 MARINE AVENUE BEACH ................................................................................................................................... 12
2.5 KINGS PARK SWIM AREA ................................................................................................................................... 12
2.6 ELM STREET PIER ............................................................................................................................................... 12
2.7 VAN ZANDT PIER................................................................................................................................................ 12
2.8 SECOND BEACH ................................................................................................................................................. 12
2.9 THIRD BEACH ..................................................................................................................................................... 13
2.10 EASTON’S STREAM .......................................................................................................................................... 13
2.11 ESPLANADE OUTFALLS .................................................................................................................................... 13
2.12 BAILEYS BROOK ............................................................................................................................................... 13
3.0 WATER QUALITY RESULTS AT SWIMMING LOCATIONS ......................................................................................... 14
3.1.1 OVERALL RESULTS .......................................................................................................................................... 14
3.2 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR EASTON’S POINT ............................................... 16
3.3 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR EASTON’S BEACH (EAST) ................................... 18
3.4 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR OCHRE POINT .................................................... 20
3.5 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR MARINE AVENUE BEACH ................................... 22
3.6 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR KINGS PARK SWIM AREA ................................... 24
3.7 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR ELM STREET PIER ............................................... 26
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3.8 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR VAN ZANDT PIER ............................................... 28
3.9 2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR SECOND BEACH .......................................................... 30
3.10 2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR THIRD BEACH ............................................................ 32
4.0 LIKELY SOURCES OF BACTERIA ............................................................................................................................... 34
4.1 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR ESPLANADE NORTH & SOUTH ........................... 34
4.1 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR EASTON’S STREAM ............................................ 36
5.0 LIKELY SOURCES OF BACTERIA IN THE WATERSHED .............................................................................................. 38
5.1 2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR BAILEYS BROOK .......................................................... 38
6.0 FUTURE ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................................................................ 40
6.1 SUSTAINING CURRENT PROGRAM .................................................................................................................... 40
6.2 DESIGNATION OF SWIMMING AREAS ............................................................................................................... 40
6.3 RE-OPENING KINGS PARK SWIM AREA .............................................................................................................. 40
6.4 ELIMINATION OF SOURCES IMPACTING EASTON’S BAY ................................................................................... 40
6.5 ESCALATION OF OFF-SEASON WATER QUALITY ISSUES .................................................................................... 41
4.6 RESEARCH OF DRY-WEATHER WATER QUALITY ISSUES .................................................................................... 41
6.7 YEAR-ROUND DESIGNATION AND FUNDING ..................................................................................................... 41
6.8 PERMANENT CLEAN WATER .............................................................................................................................. 42
Appendix for 2008-2017 Water Quality Sampling Results: ......................................................................................... 43
Table 1.0 Precipitation. ........................................................................................................................................... 43
Table 2.0 Quarterly Geometric Mean. .................................................................................................................... 44
Table 3.0 2008-2017: Overall statistics. .................................................................................................................. 45
Table 3.1 2008-2017: Samples above the beach action value per year. ................................................................. 46
Table 3.2 2008-2017: Overall Statistics for Geometric Mean. ................................................................................ 47
Table 4.0 Single Sample Values for 2008. ............................................................................................................... 48
Table 5.0 Single Sample Values for 2009. ............................................................................................................... 49
Table 6.0 Single Sample Values for 2010. ............................................................................................................... 50
Table 7.0 Single Sample Values for 2011. ............................................................................................................... 51
Table 8.0 Single Sample Values for 2012. ............................................................................................................... 52
Table 9.0 Single Sample Values for 2013. ............................................................................................................... 53
Table 10.0 Single Sample Values for 2014............................................................................................................... 54
Table 11.0 Single Sample Values for 2015............................................................................................................... 55
Table 12.0 Single Sample Values for 2016............................................................................................................... 56
Table 13.0 Single Sample Values for 2017............................................................................................................... 57
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.0 | Sampling Locations.
Figure 2.0 | 2008 – 2017: Samples Above Beach Action Value for Newport Harbor.
Figure 2.1 | 2008 – 2017: Samples Above Beach Action Value for Ocean Locations.
Figure 2.2 | 2008 – 2017: Annual Geometric Mean of Enterococci for Newport Harbor.
Figure 2.3 | 2008 – 2017: Annual Geometric Mean of Enterococci for Ocean Locations.
Figure 3.0 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Point Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 3.1 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Point Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 3.2 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Point Overall Results.
Figure 4.0 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Beach (East) Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 4.1 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Beach (East) Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 4.2 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Beach (East) Overall Results.
Figure 5.0 | 2008 – 2017: Ochre Point Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 5.1 | 2008 – 2017: Ochre Point Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 5.2 | 2008 – 2017: Ochre Point Overall Results.
Figure 6.0 | 2008 – 2017: Marine Avenue Beach Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 6.1 | 2008 – 2017: Marine Avenue Beach Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 6.2 | 2008 – 2017: Marine Avenue Beach Overall Results.
Figure 7.0 | 2008 – 2017: Kings Park Swim Area Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 7.1 | 2008 – 2017: Kings Park Swim Area Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 7.2 | 2008 – 2017: Kings Park Swim Area Overall Results.
Figure 8.0 | 2008 – 2017: Elm Street Pier Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 8.1 | 2008 – 2017: Elm Street Pier Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 8.2 | 2008 – 2017: Elm Street Pier Overall Results.
Figure 9.0 | 2008 – 2017: Van Zandt Pier Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 9.1 | 2008 – 2017: Van Zandt Pier Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 9.2 | 2008 – 2017: Van Zandt Pier Overall Results.
Figure 10.0 | 2017: Second Beach Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 10.1 | 2017: Second Beach Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 10.2 | 2017: Second Beach Overall Results.
Figure 11.0 | 2017: Third Beach Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 11.1 | 2017: Third Beach Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 11.2 | 2017: Third Beach Overall Results.
Figure 12.0 | 2009 – 2017: Esplanade North & South Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 12.1 | 2009 – 2017: Esplanade North & South Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 12.2 | 2009 – 2017: Esplanade North & South Overall Results.
Figure 13.0 | 2009 – 2017: Easton’s Stream Weekly Enterococci.
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Figure 13.1 | 2009 – 2017: Easton’s Stream Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 13.2 | 2009 – 2017: Easton’s Stream Overall Results.
Figure 14.0 | 2017: Baileys Brook Weekly Enterococci.
Figure 14.1 | 2017: Baileys Brook Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
Figure 14.2 | 2017: Baileys Brook Overall Results.
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1.0 PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
1.1 MISSION
Clean Ocean Access (COA) is a grass roots non-profit environmental organization with a primary focus on
marine debris, water quality and shoreline access on Aquidneck Island, Rhode Island. The goal of the group
is to bring public awareness to local issues with a mission of acting today so that future generations can
enjoy ocean activities. Clean Ocean Access believes that environmental sustainability will occur when
people spend time outside, together, connecting with nature and understanding the impact that we are
having on the environment. We can learn from it and make better decisions in an easier manner when
people connect with nature.
The Clean Ocean Access year-round weekly water quality monitoring program is a citizen science initiative
aimed to directly empower the community to provide monitoring data for use in decision making as part
of a sound water quality management plan that includes regular water quality testing, timely identification
of point and nonpoint source of pollutants, and effective remediation. The program aims to achieve our
long-term goal of permanent year-round clean water as part of the Clean Water Act.
Our specific goals since 2006 remain the same: (1) to continue to establish a baseline foundation of water
quality at several locations that are widely used by ocean enthusiasts although not recognized as designed
swimming areas, (2) Official designation of swimming areas, (3) to provide a baseline for possibly re-
opening Kings Park Swim Area, (4) to expand the program to test the likely sources of Enterococci at
Easton’s Bay so as to eliminate the sources, (5) to bring public awareness to water quality during “off
season” months, a time in which many people use the water for recreation, (6) to bring public awareness
to dry-weather water quality issues working in partnership with all agencies, so as to (7) achieve the long
term goal of year-round funded water testing in New England and (8) permanent clean water.
1.2 BACKGROUND
In the fall of 2006 COA in a partnership with CoastalVision developed a water testing program with a
primary focus on Easton’s Beach and the possible sources of bacterial pollution that result in beach
closure. The program was funded by the Rhode Island Department of Health (RIDOH) and the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 1. The result of the program showed that water quality
issues persisted even as water temperature decreased in the winter. COA has a large group of year-round
ocean enthusiasts and this finding initiated a long-term goal to work towards year-round water testing
with the ultimate vision of permanent clean water along the Aquidneck Island shoreline.
In December of 2006, COA received funding from the City of Newport to continue the water testing
program into 2007 where COA performed all manpower, logistics, management, data analysis and the
City paid the laboratory fees directly to RIDOH. The program results from 2007 showed that water quality
issues at Easton’s Beach persisted through the winter and spring; some pollution events were strongly
correlated with precipitation events while some pollution events were not directly associated with
precipitation events.
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In December of 2007, COA received funding from the City of Newport to continue and also enhance the
water program into 2008 for weekly year-round testing with a similar cost structure as 2007. However, in
2008 the program focus expanded to include several locations that are known for swimming and ocean
activities, although not explicitly recognized as swimming beaches by RIDOH. The results of the 2008
program indicated that water quality issues occasionally occurred throughout the year and that a direct
correlation of precipitation to high readings does not exist in all cases and that additional and more
frequent testing of water quality is required in order to determine the sources and the best short & long-
term solutions.
In December of 2008, COA received funding from the City of Newport to continue the program into 2009
and to include two additional locations that are highly recognized as the main contributors of Enterococci
to Easton’s Bay (Newport Moat and the Esplanade outfall). The findings from the 2009 program indicated
that both sources continued to be large contributors of Enterococci to Easton’s Bay and the program also
helped to provide further data supporting the opening of Kings Park Swim Area.
The program continued through 2010 into 2014 with a similar structure and results showed that water
quality at Kings Park Swim Area warranted consideration of re-opening the swimming location. Water
quality at Marine Avenue Beach was poor and an action plan must be developed to find the source of the
Enterococci. The results from 2010 into 2014 continued to illustrate that a high correlation of precipitation
to high readings does not exist in all cases and that additional and more frequent testing of water quality
is required to determine the sources and the best short- and long-term solutions.
The program continued through 2015 into 2016 with a similar structure and results. In 2016 additional
focus was put towards Bailey Brook and it has been identified that elevated bacteria levels exist in the
watershed. In 2017 the program expanded to include Second Beach to establish a year-round baseline,
and Third Beach to identify if the elevated summer bacteria levels persist into the winter months.
1.3 PROGRAM STAFF
COA became a non-profit organization in 2014 and the Executive Director performs an advisory role to
oversee the program operations, whereas the Program Manager is responsible for the successful program
outcome. Weekly planning and execution runs entirely with volunteers from the community. The
Executive Director and Program Manager provide oversight for strategic decision making and interaction
with local, state and federal officials. The operations and scheduling managers provide weekly operations
and logistics management of the entire program making sure the equipment, supplies, chain of custody,
survey sheets are completed in compliance with necessary protocol established with RIDOH/EPA in 2006.
A team of 25 volunteers provide the manpower for weekly water sampling, survey and logistical tasks for
twelve locations along with volunteer courier service to the Rhode Island Department of Health in
Providence. A fleet of volunteers exists on-call to provide backup support or surgical strike (at various
locations across Aquidneck Island) water testing when required. Over 200 people have volunteered for
the COA water quality program since the fall of 2006.
1.4 FUNDING
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The City of Newport City Council provides funding for laboratory fees for the COA water quality monitoring
program via their annual budget since 2008. Without the support of the City of Newport, this program
would not be possible. Rhode Island Department of Health bills the City of Newport on a quarterly basis.
The current cost for the program is $25 per sample, with 12 samples taken 52 times per year for a total of
$15,600. The City of Newport covers eight samples and Clean Ocean Access pays for the four samples in
Middletown via civic appropriations from the Town of Middletown.
1.5 SAMPLING METHODOLOGY
The 2009 through 2017 COA Water Quality monitoring program adopted a new methodology for the date
of each weekly test, different from the 2008 method. In 2008, each Saturday a prediction was made as
to when it would rain, and the test was scheduled for the following day. This resulted in several tests
occurring immediately after and/or during an event, however there were other times that the weather
changed, and the event did not occur, and/or the event occurred during a weekend which is not available
for non-seasonal laboratory processing. In 2009 a fixed date (Thursday) was selected for the sampling.
This approach was chosen to minimize the impact to volunteer personal schedules.
1.6 WATER QUALITY HISTORY
The federal Beaches Environmental Assessment and Coastal Health (BEACH) Act requires that water from
designated swimming beaches be tested for Enterococci. Extensive EPA studies have shown that
Enterococci are the most efficient bacterial indicator of water quality. Enterococcus is a part of the
composition of Fecal Coliform which is a special kind of bacteria that is found primarily in the intestinal
tracts of warm blooded animals. These bacteria are released into the environment via human and animal
feces and if ingested while swimming or adsorbed via the skin they may cause human disease, infection
or rashes.
1.7 WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
Rhode Island bathing water standards are monitored by the Rhode Island Department of Health based on
water quality standards set by Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management and the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Saltwater bathing waters must not exceed a single sample
standard of 60 Enterococci (colony forming units) per 100 milliliters (ML); this is commonly referred to as
a single sample maximum (SSM) or action standard. More recently since 2014 this is referred to as the
Beach Action Value (BAV).
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using the ‘geometric mean’ a
common technique for scientific analysis of large datasets that calculates the typical value of a set of
numbers. The geometric mean is a more reliable measure of long term water quality, being less subject
to short-term random variation. EPA studies derived the SSM as a percentile indicator of a distribution of
concentrations around the 30-day geometric mean. The SSM values in the 1986 EPA Ambient Water
Quality Criteria for Bacteria were not developed as acute criteria; rather, they were developed as
statistical constructs to allow decision makers to make informed decisions to open or close beaches based
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on small data sets. For beach locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to
compute the geometric mean for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ML for a
geometric mean.
1.8 WATER QUALITY – LABORATORY TESTING METHOD
The current test used by the Rhode Island Department of Health for saltwater bathing water is the IDEXX
EnterolertTM method. The technician places a small amount of sampled water (10ML) into a dish with a
reacting agent (Defined Substrate Technology nutrient indicator). The mixture is poured into a tray with
many cells sealed and allowed to incubate for 24 hours. During the incubation period the nutrient
indicator fluoresces when metabolized by Enterococci. After the incubation period the technician counts
the fluorescent cells (colony forming units, CFU) and refers to the most probable number (MPN) table to
determine the reading with a range of values from less than 10 to a maximum value of 24,192 CFU/100ML.
1.9 MONITORING WEBSITE
The COA Water Quality Program is available via the internet at http://www.cleanoceanaccess.org and
contains the water testing procedure and guidelines, contact information, schedule of testing and actual
water testing results. COA maintains the schedule of testing while the Rhode Island Department of Health
directly updates the actual water testing results. COA testing methodology including sampling method,
chain of custody and adherence to schedule requirements with partnership from Rhode Island
Department of Health and support from EPA Region 1 has resulted in the COA data set being included in
the RIDOH data set and can be accessed at http://www.ribeaches.org/ and also within the USEPA Beach
Advisory and Closing On-Line Notification (BEACON) program at:
http://iaspub.epa.gov/waters10/beacon_national_page.main
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2.0 SAMPLING LOCATIONS
The sampling locations are located on the southern part of Aquidneck Island as shown in Figure 1.0.
Figure 1.0 | Sampling Locations.
2.1 EASTON’S POINT
This location is a popular area for ocean activities including kayaking, spear-fishing and occasional Paipo
boarding. The purpose of testing this location is to establish a baseline and public awareness of coastal
water quality. This location is a southeast-facing wave-swept rocky exposure to open ocean at the
southern tip of Easton’s Point. COA adopted this Coastal Resources Management Council (CRMC) Public
Right of Way (Y-1) in the spring of 2008 as a partnership with the Town of Middletown and CRMC.
2.2 EASTON’S BEACH (EAST)
This location is a main attraction for the City of Newport. The exact testing location is halfway between
the rotunda and the stream mouth on a south facing beach in an embayment facing the open ocean. The
purpose of testing this location is to enrich the dataset of water quality to identify any potential health
problems that may exist at the area beaches.
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2.3 OCHRE POINT (RUGGLES AVENUE)
This location is a popular area for ocean activities including fishing and body surfing. The purpose of
testing this location is for public awareness to the quality of the water. This location is a wave swept
exposure on the western point of Easton’s Bay facing the open ocean and helps to provide baseline data
for the water quality of Easton’s Bay. Samples were collected at the base of the seawall at the end of
Ruggles Avenue. COA adopted this Coastal Resources Management Council (CRMC) Public Right of Way
(Z-4) in the spring of 2008 as a partnership with the City of Newport and CRMC.
2.4 MARINE AVENUE BEACH
This location is a popular swimming spot for citizens of the City of Newport. The city has invested time
and effort to establish the Public Right of Way to the shoreline. The purpose of testing this location is for
public awareness to the quality of the water. The location is a southeast facing shallow rocky beach open
to the ocean. It is on the western side of Ochre Point separated by a rock ledge from the other sampling
location.
2.5 KINGS PARK SWIM AREA
This location is a popular swimming spot for previous generations of the City of Newport. The purpose of
testing at this location originally was to provide a baseline for re-opening the beach and now it is to
provide insight into the current water quality throughout the year. The beach is a northward facing rocky
beach in a protected recreational and commercial harbor.
2.6 ELM STREET PIER
This location is a popular swimming spot for a wide range of citizens of the state of Rhode Island including
a large percentage of the children of the City of Newport. The pier is located at the southern end of a bulk
headed shore in a protected harbor adjacent to Storrer Park and the causeway to Goat Island. The purpose
of testing this location is to help establish Elm Street Pier as a designated swimming area and public
awareness to the quality of the water.
2.7 VAN ZANDT PIER
This location is a popular swimming spot for a wide range of citizens of the state of Rhode Island including
a large percentage of the children of the City of Newport. The pier is located at the northern edge of a
bulk headed shore in a protected harbor just south of the eastern terminus of the Pell Bridge. In 2007,
COA met with the 6th grade class at Thompson Middle School and recorded that well over half of the
students at the assembly had swum at Van Zandt Pier during the summer of 2006. The purpose of testing
this location is to help establish Van Zandt Pier as a designated swimming area and public awareness to
the quality of the water.
2.8 SECOND BEACH
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This location is a popular surfing spot, swimming spot and beautiful beach used by many the citizens of
Rhode Island. During the late spring and through the summer and fall, the parking lot is often full at Second
Beach indicating its high popularity. You will frequently find surfers here year-round regardless of the
weather, making it an important location to test the water quality year-round. The purpose of testing this
location is to have continuity with testing of beaches that have high recreational use and enrich the
dataset.
2.9 THIRD BEACH
This location offers a boat ramp, summer lifeguard, a picnic area, free parking, and a beautiful sandy beach
making it a popular beach location in Rhode Island. In the summer of 2017, high bacteria levels were found
at Third Beach bringing up the question of what happens during the winter months. In partnership with
the Sachuest Point Wildlife Refuge, Town of Middletown and Rhode Island Department of Health and
Department of Environmental management, tested was initiated in the Fall of 2017.
2.10 EASTON’S STREAM
This location is one of the likely primary sources of Enterococci affecting Easton’s Beach. The moat collects
runoff from a large area of the City of Newport (as the western source) and also runoff from Middletown
industry surrounding Easton’s Pond (as the eastern source). The City of Newport installed a UV
disinfection system to treat the water prior to flowing into the ocean to kill the Enterococci. The purpose
of testing this location at the stream mouth of the moat is to determine the persistence of Enterococci
from this likely source to aid decision making about water pollution problems in Easton’s Bay and to
validate the effectiveness of the UV disinfection system.
2.11 ESPLANADE OUTFALLS
The north location is one of the likely primary sources of Enterococci affecting Easton’s Beach. The outfall
contains storm water runoff that is discharged on the far eastern rocky coastline of Easton’s Bay adjacent
to the Atlantic Beach Club Beach via a 36” diameter steel pipe. The Town of Middletown combined the
flow from this pipe and the south location and moved the storm water approximately 1,000 feet offshore
via a diffuser system in 2014. The purpose of testing this location is to determine the persistence of
Enterococci from this likely source to aid decision making about water pollution problems in Easton’s Bay.
2.12 BAILEYS BROOK
Because of expanded watershed monitoring for nitrogen and phosphorus in the watershed, efforts were
put forth to expand the monitoring of Bailey Brook for bacteria as it is located in our watershed in an
urban area with high traffic and could be a source of Enterococci. Baileys Brook is long stream that has
two stream branches flowing southerly to the North Easton Pond which discharges into the Atlantic
Ocean. The North Easton pond which Baileys Brook flows into, is a source of drinking water to the
residents of Aquidneck Island, making Baileys Brook an important place to test water quality. Testing at
Baileys Brook expands our water quality testing program into Aquidneck Island’s watershed and will help
us to better understand the sources of Enterococci.
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3.0 WATER QUALITY RESULTS AT SWIMMING LOCATIONS
3.1.1 OVERALL RESULTS
During the timeframe from January 4, 2008 to December 29, 2017 weekly water samples were collected and there were 3,448 samples collected at nine swimming locations and 861 samples collected at locations near to likely sources of bacteria. The sampling occurred on a weekly basis; whereas in 2008 it occurred on a variable date (Monday through Friday) with partial coordination with precipitation events and in 2009 through 2017 it occurred on a fixed date (Thursday). As shown in figure 2.0 and 2.1 there were 562 samples above the Beach Action Value (60CFU/100ML) in Newport Harbor and Ocean locations, however more of these elevated results occurred in Ocean swimming locations.
Figure 2.0 | 2008 – 2017: Samples Above Beach Action Value for Newport Harbor.
Figure 2.1 | 2008 – 2017: Samples Above Beach Action Value for Ocean Locations.
The general reduction of samples above the Beach Action Value in Newport Harbor can be attributed to the significant efforts made by the City of Newport to reduce combined sewage overflows. Similarly, elevated levels in Ocean Swimming Locations have reduced slightly however persistent elevated levels exist at Marine Avenue Beach and slightly lower levels at Easton’s Beach (East).
0
5
10
15
20
25
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
2008-2017: Samples Above Beach Action Value for Newport Harbor
KingsPark
Elm Street Pier Van Zandt Pier
0
5
10
15
20
25
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
2008-2017: Samples Above Beach Action Value for Ocean Locations
Easton's Point Easton's Beach OchrePoint
Marine Avenue Beach SecondBeach
ThirdBeach
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Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For beach locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the geometric mean for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean. As shown in figure 2.2 the Annual Geometric Mean of Enterococci for Newport Harbor has reduced over the years and all locations are well below the action standard of 32 CFU per 100ml, assuring a high level of confidence of safe swimming water.
Figure 2.2 | 2008 – 2017: Annual Geometric Mean of Enterococci for Newport Harbor.
As shown in figure 2.3 the Annual Geometric Mean of Enterococci for Ocean locations has reduced and within acceptable ranges for some locations, however water quality at Marine Avenue Beach is impaired and could be improved via efforts underway to improve the water infrastructure on Ruggles Avenue. Water quality has had improvements at Easton’s Beach (East) on an annual basis, and a new area of concern is Third Beach in Middletown, however it is premature to speculate if this is a long-term issue.
Figure 2.3 | 2008 – 2017: Annual Geometric Mean of Enterococci for Ocean Locations.
Overall, this dataset provides a valuable resource for stakeholders and decisions makers to make informed decisions of how to address water quality issues that face the community of Aquidneck Island. The data set represents a combination of dry-weather and wet-weather patterns and due to the complex set of sources including, but not limited to, potential SSO events, CSO events, animal waste, illicit connections, seasonal boaters, human activity, and other complex situations, it is difficult to quantitatively determine the source of Enterococci at these swimming locations.
0
8
16
24
32
40
48
56
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
2008-2017: Annual Geometric Mean of Enterococci for Newport Harbor
KingsPark
Elm Street Pier Van Zandt Pier
0
10
20
30
40
50
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
2008-2017: Annual Geometric Mean of Enterococci for Ocean Locations
Easton's Point Easton's Beach OchrePoint
Marine Avenue Beach SecondBeach
ThirdBeach
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e16
3.2 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR EASTON’S POINT
During the time frame from January 4, 2008 to December 29, 2017 there were 468 water samples
collected at Easton’s Point, Middletown RI and 50 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per 100 ml).
These elevated levels occurred mostly during the general time frame from late June through early October
with some year to year variation, however the most persistent time frame of elevated readings occurred
in the July and August as shown in figure 3.0 in 2008 through 2011:
Figure 3.0 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Point Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For beach
locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the geometric mean
for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean. The COA weekly
sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a quarterly monthly
manner as shown in figure 3.1:
Figure 3.1 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Point Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
En
tero
cocc
i (C
FU
/10
0M
L)
Lo
g s
cale
2008 – 2017: Easton’s Point Weekly Enterococci.
46
165
3747
0
32
64
96
128
160
20
08
- W
inte
r
2008
- S
prin
g
2008
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umm
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2008
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all
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(CF
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)
2008 – 2017: Easton’s Point Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e17
It is very encouraging that the multi-month elevated levels have not occurred since 2011, and this can be
qualitatively attributed to the efforts by the Town of Middletown to identify and resolve all illicit
discharges on Easton’s Point and surrounding areas that flow into Easton’s Bay. Overall, the probable
source of Enterococci at this location are from illicit discharges such as sanitary wastewater flowing into
stormwater outfall, the combined sources of the Newport Moat and Middletown Esplanade which are the
primary sources that impact Easton’s Bay, recreational boating, pets, and animals. This sampling location
is quite remote from Easton’s Beach and exposed to open ocean water.
As shown in figure 3.2, only 11% of the 468 samples collected over the 9-year period tested above the
acceptable limit and most of these were in the period of 2008-2011. Overall the 9-year geometric mean
of 14 CFU per 100 ml is well below the action standard 32 CFU per 100ml.
Figure 3.2 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Point Overall Results.
Continued year-round weekly monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality
time series for stakeholder and decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as
additional measures are taken to address water quality issues at Easton’s Beach. With land development
continuing around Easton’s Point along with slowly rising seas levels that may eventually adversely impact
existing storm and waste water infrastructure, it is imperative to continue the weekly year-round
monitoring of water quality at Easton’s Point.
468 418
50
1114
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2008 – 2017: Easton’s Point Overall Results.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e18
3.3 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR EASTON’S BEACH (EAST)
During the time frame from January 4, 2008 to December 29, 2017 there were 467 water samples
collected at Easton’s Beach (East), Newport RI and 124 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per 100
ml). These elevated levels occurred more frequently during the warmer months, however elevated
bacteria levels continue to occur throughout the year which is an indication of proximity to a source of
Enterococci as shown in figure 4.0:
Figure 4.0 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Beach (East) Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For beach
locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the geometric mean
for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean. The COA weekly
sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a quarterly monthly
manner as shown in figure 4.1:
Figure 4.1 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Beach (East) Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
En
tero
cocc
i (C
FU
/10
0M
L)
Lo
g s
cale
2008 – 2017: Easton’s Beach (East) Weekly Enterococci.
62
35
77
44
63
44 5035 40 41 38 32
51
0
32
64
96
128
160
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Geo
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(CF
U/1
00
ML
)
2008 – 2017: Easton’s Beach (East) Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e19
The 9-year time series of quarterly geometric mean of Enterococci shows that water quality is slowly
improving at Easton’s Beach (East), however elevated bacteria levels do occur, and additional measures
must be taken to resolve all potential source of bacteria. It is encouraging to see that 2016 and 2017 did
not have any quarterly geometric means above the action standard.
COA weekly water testing at Easton’s Beach is just one of the data sets that help to document the water
quality at Easton’s Beach. This data set along with the Rhode Island Department of Health summer
monitoring program and water quality monitoring by Easton’s Beach management provides a
comprehensive data set that will assist stakeholders and decision makers in determining the best
solution(s) for achieving permanent year-round clean water at Easton’s Beach.
As shown in figure 4.2, only 27% of the 467 samples collected over the 9-year period tested above the
acceptable limit. Overall the 9-year geometric mean of 27 CFU per 100 ml is slightly below the action
standard 32 CFU per 100ml.
Figure 4.2 | 2008 – 2017: Easton’s Beach (East) Overall Results.
The Newport UV disinfection plant (operating in the summer) and Middletown diffuser (year-round
operation) are likely having a positive impact on water quality at Easton’s Beach. Overall the water quality
at Easton’s Beach is improving but continued efforts must occur to address the sources of bacteria
impairing the local waters, and to continue the establishment of long term trends for improved water
quality.
Continued year-round weekly monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality
time series for stakeholder and decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as
additional measures are taken to address water quality issues. With land development continuing around
Easton’s Beach and surrounding watershed, along with slowly rising seas levels that may eventually
adversely impact existing storm and waste water infrastructure, it is imperative to continue the weekly
year-round monitoring of water quality at Easton’s Beach.
467343
124
27 27
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2008 – 2017: Easton’s Beach (East) Overall Results.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e20
3.4 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR OCHRE POINT
During the time frame from January 4, 2008 to December 29, 2017 there were 433 water samples
collected at Ochre Point, Newport RI and 32 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per 100 ml). These
infrequent elevated levels occurred at various points throughout the year. The overall weekly water
quality results are shown in figure 5.0:
Figure 5.0 | 2008 – 2017: Ochre Point Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For beach
locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the geometric mean
for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean. The COA weekly
sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a quarterly monthly
manner as shown in figure 5.1:
Figure 5.1 | 2008 – 2017: Ochre Point Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
En
tero
cocc
i (C
FU
/10
0M
L)
Lo
g s
cale
2008 – 2017: Ochre Point Weekly Enterococci.
0
32
64
96
128
160
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inte
r
20
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pri
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rly
Geo
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ric
Mea
n
(CF
U/1
00
ML
)
2008 – 2017: Ochre Point Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e21
As shown in previous section for Easton’s Point and subsequent section for Marine Avenue Beach, the
water quality results at Ochre Point is not always correlated (pattern or persistence); this further
illustrates the complex dynamics within Easton’s Bay in terms of sources of Enterococci and overall
circulation and dispersion of Enterococci. As suspected in prior years, the abandoned pipes along the cliff
walk may be a source of bacteria and this occurred in 2016. Overall, the possible causes of elevated
bacterial levels at Ochre Point may be illegal or abandoned sewage pipes, failed drain fields, or return flow
from overall storage mechanisms.
As shown in figure 5.2, only 7% of the 433 samples collected over the 9-year period tested above the
acceptable limit and the infrequent elevated levels did occur each year. Overall the 9-year geometric
mean of 12 CFU per 100 ml is well below the action standard 32 CFU per 100ml.
Figure 5.2 | 2008 – 2017: Ochre Point Overall Results.
Although the extensive dataset shows that water quality is very good at Ochre Point, the consistent
(although infrequent) elevated levels of bacteria warrant action to identify and eliminate the source of
bacteria impairing the local waters. Ochre Point (Ruggles Avenue) is a very popular location for year-round
surfing and a popular fishing location.
Continued year-round weekly monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality
time series for stakeholder and decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as
additional measures are taken to address water quality issues at Marine Avenue Beach. With the existence
of over 100 outfall pipes along the cliff walk from Memorial Avenue to Sheep Point, and slowly rising seas
levels that may eventually adversely impact existing storm and waste water infrastructure, it is imperative
to continue the weekly year-round monitoring of water quality at Ochre Point.
433 401
32
7
12
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2008 – 2017: Ochre Point Overall Results.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e22
3.5 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR MARINE AVENUE BEACH
During the time frame from January 4, 2008 to December 29, 2017 there were 469 water samples
collected at Marine Avenue Beach, Newport RI and 153 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per 100
ml). These frequent elevated levels occurred at various points throughout the year and illustrate a health
hazard for recreational swimming. The possible sources of bacteria might include storm water containing
feces of wild animals, but the area must be studied in greater detail to determine if the cause is from old
sewage pipe or drain field from earlier centuries, or faulty infrastructure of nearby storm and waste water
systems. The overall weekly water quality results are shown in figure 6.0:
Figure 6.0 | 2008 – 2017: Marine Avenue Beach Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For
swimming locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the
geometric mean for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean.
The COA weekly sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a
quarterly monthly manner as shown in figure 6.1:
Figure 6.1 | 2008 – 2017: Marine Avenue Beach Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Ent
eroc
occi
(C
FU/1
00M
L) L
og s
cale
2008 – 2017: Marine Avenue Beach Weekly Enterococci.
109112
39
139129
5848 45 43
35 38
63
4132
178
44 46
107
52
0
32
64
96
128
160
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08
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20
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Qu
arte
rly
Geo
met
ric
Mea
n
(CF
U/1
00
ML
)
2008 – 2017: Marine Avenue Beach Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e23
As shown in figure 6.1, although the very high levels from 2008-2011 did reduce to lower (levels well
above the action standard) during the period of 2011-2014, this trend did not continue and 2015-2016
resumed very high levels with lower but elevated levels in 2017.
As shown below in figure 6.2, over 33% of the 469 samples collected over the 9-year period tested above
the acceptable limit and the elevated levels occur though out the entire year, each year. Overall the 9-
year geometric mean of 33 CFU per 100 ml is above the action standard 32 CFU per 100ml and supports
the request to make sure that all efforts related to storm and waste water improvements include the
identification and resolution of bacteria impacting Marine Avenue Beach.
Figure 6.2 | 2008 – 2017: Marine Avenue Beach Overall Results.
Marine Avenue Beach is a very popular swimming location for our residents and this recreational resource
must be protected for future use. We are hopeful that the upcoming work efforts for the nearby water
infrastructure will result in resolving the bacteria loading occurring at Marine Avenue Beach.
Continued year-round weekly monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality
time series for stakeholder and decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as
additional measures are taken to resolve the current issues. Additionally, the community surrounding this
location is a mix of seasonal and year-round residents and development and usage of the storm and waste
water system may lead to the subsequent identification of additional issues, such as the nearby sewage
pipe that drained from the Breakers Mansion in June 2016.
469316
153
33 33
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2008 – 2017: Marine Avenue Beach Overall Results.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e24
3.6 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR KINGS PARK SWIM AREA
During the time frame from January 4, 2008 to December 29, 2017 there were 469 water samples
collected at Kings Park Swim Area, Newport RI and 71 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per 100
ml). Elevated levels occurred at various points throughout the year, some occurred during high seasonal
harbor usage and/or within the recent time frame of large precipitation events, however a few readings
were not associated with either of these types of events. The overall weekly water quality results are
shown in figure 7.0:
Figure 7.0 | 2008 – 2017: Kings Park Swim Area Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For
swimming locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the
geometric mean for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean.
The COA weekly sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a
quarterly monthly manner as shown in figure 7.1:
Figure 7.1 | 2008 – 2017: Kings Park Swim Area Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
En
tero
cocc
i (C
FU
/10
0M
L)
Lo
g s
cale
2008 – 2017: Kings Park Swim Area Weekly Enterococci.
35 3450
31 33
66
36 32
0
32
64
96
128
160
20
08
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inte
r
2008
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prin
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2008
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2011
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2014
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2014
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2015
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2016
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2017
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2017
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2017
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umm
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2017
- F
all
Qu
arte
rly
Geo
met
ric
Mea
n
(CF
U/1
00
ML
)
2008 – 2017: Kings Park Swim Area Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e25
The water quality at Kings Park Swim Area is usually acceptable for swimming. However, harbor circulation
dynamics are complex and a single sample per week doesn’t provide a complete understanding of the
total water quality as some of the 67-elevated reading were not always correlated (pattern or persistence)
with a probable cause of elevated bacteria levels.
As shown in figure 7.2, 15% of the 469 samples collected over the 9-year period tested above the
acceptable limit and the elevated levels occur each year. Overall the 9-year geometric mean of 19 CFU
per 100 ml is below the action standard 32 CFU per 100ml and supports the long-term findings that the
water quality is acceptable for recreational swimming.
Figure 7.2 | 2008 – 2017: Kings Park Swim Area Overall Results.
Although the extensive dataset shows that water quality is acceptable for swimming, and equally
important that it is improving year-over-year at Kings Park Swim Area, the elevated levels of bacteria
warrant action to identify and permanently eliminate the source of bacteria impairing the local waters.
Kings Park Swim Area is a very popular swimming location for our residents and this recreational resource
must be protected for future use.
Continued year-round weekly monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality
time series for stakeholder and decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as
additional measures are taken to reduce combined sewer overflow and increased enforcement of pump-
out regulations for boating. Additionally, the nearshore coastline is densely populated and with slowly
rising seas levels that may eventually adversely impact existing storm and waste water infrastructure, it is
imperative to continue the weekly year-round monitoring of water quality at Kings Park Swim Area.
469 398
71
1519
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2008 – 2017: Kings Park Swim Area Overall Results.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e26
3.7 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR ELM STREET PIER
During the time frame from January 4, 2008 to December 29, 2017 there were 449 water samples
collected at Elm Street Pier, Newport RI and 40 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per 100 ml).
These infrequent elevated levels occurred at various points throughout the year, some occurred during
high seasonal harbor usage and/or within the recent time frame of large precipitation events, however a
few readings were not associated with either of these types of events. The overall weekly water quality
results are shown in figure 5.0:
Figure 8.0 | 2008 – 2017: Elm Street Pier Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For
swimming locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the
geometric mean for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean.
The COA weekly sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a
quarterly monthly manner as shown in figure 8.1:
Figure 8.1 | 2008 – 2017: Elm Street Pier Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
En
tero
cocc
i (C
FU
/10
0M
L)
Lo
g s
cale
2008 – 2017: Elm Street Pier Weekly Enterococci.
0
32
64
96
128
160
2008
- W
inte
r
2008
- S
prin
g
2008
- S
umm
er
2008
- Fa
ll
20
09
- W
inte
r
2009
- S
prin
g
2009
- S
umm
er
2009
- Fa
ll
20
09
- W
inte
r
20
10 -
Sp
rin
g
20
10 -
Su
mm
er
20
10 -
Fa
ll
2011
- W
inte
r
2011
- S
pri
ng
2011
- S
um
mer
20
11 -
Fa
ll
2012
- W
inte
r
20
12 -
Sp
rin
g
20
12 -
Su
mm
er
2012
- F
all
2013
- W
inte
r
20
13 -
Sp
rin
g
20
13 -
Su
mm
er
2013
- F
all
2014
- W
inte
r
2014
- S
pri
ng
2014
- S
um
mer
20
14 -
Fa
ll
2015
- W
inte
r
20
15 -
Sp
rin
g
20
15 -
Su
mm
er
2015
- F
all
2016
- W
inte
r
20
16 -
Sp
rin
g
20
16 -
Su
mm
er
2016
- Fa
ll
2017
- W
inte
r
2017
- S
pri
ng
2017
- S
umm
er
20
17 -
Fa
ll
Qu
arte
rly
Geo
met
ric
Mea
n
(CF
U/1
00
ML
)
2008 – 2017: Elm Street Pier Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e27
The water quality at Elm Street Pier is consistently acceptable for swimming. However, harbor circulation
dynamics are complex and a single sample per week doesn’t provide a complete understanding of the
total water quality as some of the 38-elevated reading were not always correlated (pattern or persistence)
with a probable cause of elevated bacteria levels.
As shown in figure 8.2, only 9% of the 449 samples collected over the 9-year period tested above the
acceptable limit and the infrequent elevated levels occur each year. Overall the 9-year geometric mean
of 14 CFU per 100 ml is well below the action standard 32 CFU per 100ml and supports the long-term
findings that the water quality is acceptable for recreational swimming.
Figure 8.2 | 2008 – 2017: Elm Street Pier Overall Results.
Although the extensive dataset shows that water quality is very good at Elm Street Pier, the consistent
(although infrequent) elevated levels of bacteria warrant action to identify and eliminate the source of
bacteria impairing the local waters. Elm Street Pier is a very popular swimming location for our residents
and this recreational resource must be protected for future use.
Continued year-round weekly monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality
time series for stakeholder and decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as
additional measures are taken to reduce combined sewer overflow and increased enforcement of pump-
out regulations for boating. Additionally, the nearshore coastline is densely populated and with slowly
rising seas levels that may eventually adversely impact existing storm and waste water infrastructure, it is
imperative to continue the weekly year-round monitoring of water quality at Elm Street Pier.
449 409
40
9
14
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2008 – 2017: Elm Street Pier Overall Results.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e28
3.8 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR VAN ZANDT PIER
During the time frame from January 4, 2008 to December 29, 2017 there were 468 water samples
collected at Van Zandt Pier, Newport RI and 39 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per 100 ml). These
infrequent elevated levels occurred at various points throughout the year, more so during the period of
2008-2013 and to a lesser extent from 2014-2017. However, while some occurred during high seasonal
harbor usage and/or within the recent time frame of large precipitation events, a few readings were not
associated with either of these types of events. The overall weekly water quality results are shown in
figure 9.0:
Figure 9.0 | 2008 – 2017: Van Zandt Pier Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For
swimming locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the
geometric mean for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean.
The COA weekly sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a
quarterly monthly manner as shown in figure 9.1:
Figure 9.1 | 2008 – 2017: Van Zandt Pier Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Ent
eroc
occi
(C
FU/1
00M
L) L
og s
cale
2008 – 2017: Van Zandt Pier Weekly Enterococci.
50
0
32
64
96
128
160
2008
- W
inte
r
20
08
- S
pri
ng
20
08
- S
um
me
r
20
08
- F
all
2009
- W
inte
r
2009
- S
prin
g
2009
- S
umm
er
20
09
- F
all
2009
- W
inte
r
2010
- S
pri
ng
2010
- S
um
mer
2010
- F
all
20
11 -
Win
ter
2011
- S
pri
ng
2011
- S
um
mer
2011
- F
all
2012
- W
inte
r
2012
- S
pri
ng
2012
- S
um
mer
2012
- F
all
2013
- W
inte
r
2013
- S
pri
ng
2013
- S
um
mer
2013
- F
all
20
14 -
Win
ter
2014
- S
pri
ng
2014
- S
um
mer
2014
- F
all
2015
- W
inte
r
2015
- S
pri
ng
2015
- S
umm
er
2015
- F
all
2016
- W
inte
r
2016
- S
prin
g
2016
- S
umm
er
2016
- Fa
ll
2017
- W
inte
r
2017
- S
pri
ng
2017
- S
umm
er
2017
- F
all
Qu
arte
rly
Geo
met
ric
Mea
n
(CF
U/1
00
ML
)
2008 – 2017: Van Zandt Pier Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e29
The water quality at Van Zandt Pier is consistently acceptable for swimming. However, harbor circulation
dynamics are complex and a single sample per week doesn’t provide a complete understanding of the
total water quality as some of the 39-elevated reading were not always correlated (pattern or persistence)
with a probable cause of elevated bacteria levels.
As shown in figure 9.2, only 8% of the 468 samples collected over the 9-year period tested above the
acceptable limit and the infrequent elevated levels occur each year. Overall the 9-year geometric mean
of 13 CFU per 100 ml is well below the action standard 32 CFU per 100ml and supports the long-term
findings that the water quality is acceptable for recreational swimming.
Figure 9.2 | 2008 – 2017: Van Zandt Pier Overall Results.
Although the extensive dataset shows that water quality is very good at Van Zandt Pier, the consistent
(although infrequent) elevated levels of bacteria warrant action to identify and eliminate the source of
bacteria impairing the local waters. Van Zandt Pier is a very popular swimming location for our residents
and this recreational resource must be protected for future use.
Continued year-round weekly monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality
time series for stakeholder and decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as
additional measures are taken to reduce combined sewer overflow and increased enforcement of pump-
out regulations for boating. Additionally, the nearshore coastline is densely populated and with slowly
rising seas levels that may eventually adversely impact existing storm and waste water infrastructure, it is
imperative to continue the weekly year-round monitoring of water quality at Van Zandt Pier.
468 429
39
813
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2008 – 2017: Van Zandt Pier Overall Results.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e30
3.9 2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR SECOND BEACH
During the time frame from October 12, 2017 to December 21, 2017 there were 11 water samples
collected at Second Beach Middletown, RI and zero samples were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU
per 100 ml). The overall weekly water quality results are shown in figure 10.0:
Figure 10.0 | 2017: Second Beach Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For
swimming locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the
geometric mean for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean.
The COA weekly sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a
quarterly monthly manner as shown in figure 10.1:
Figure 10.1 | 2017: Second Beach Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
En
tero
cocc
i (C
FU
/10
0M
L)
Lo
g s
cale
2017: Second Beach Weekly Enterococci.
0
32
64
96
128
160
200
8 -
Win
ter
200
8 -
Sp
rin
g
200
8 -
Su
mm
er
200
8 -
Fall
200
9 -
Win
ter
200
9 -
Sp
rin
g
200
9 -
Su
mm
er
200
9 -
Fal
l
200
9 -
Win
ter
201
0 -
Sp
ring
201
0 -
Su
mm
er
201
0 -
Fal
l
201
1 -
Win
ter
201
1 -
Sp
rin
g
201
1 -
Sum
me
r
201
1 -
Fall
201
2 -
Win
ter
201
2 -
Sp
rin
g
201
2 -
Su
mm
er
201
2 -
Fal
l
201
3 -
Win
ter
201
3 -
Sp
rin
g
201
3 -
Su
mm
er
201
3 -
Fall
201
4 -
Win
ter
201
4 -
Sp
ring
201
4 -
Su
mm
er
201
4 -
Fal
l
201
5 -
Win
ter
201
5 -
Sp
rin
g
201
5 -
Su
mm
er
201
5 -
Fal
l
201
6 -
Win
ter
201
6 -
Sp
rin
g
201
6 -
Su
mm
er
201
6 -
Fa
ll
201
7 -
Win
ter
201
7 -
Sp
rin
g
201
7 -
Su
mm
er
201
7 -
Fal
l
Qu
arte
rly
Geo
met
ric
Mea
n
(CF
U/1
00
ML
)
2017: Second Beach Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e31
The short-term water quality at Second Beach is consistently acceptable for swimming. However, the 2-
month sampling time frame is not sufficient for predicting year-round water quality patterns.
As shown in figure 10.2, 0% of the 11 samples collected over the 2-month period tested above the
acceptable limit. Overall the 2-month geometric mean of 11 CFU per 100 ml is well below the action
standard 32 CFU per 100ml and supports the short-term findings that the water quality is acceptable for
recreational swimming. Testing will continue at this site in the future.
Figure 10.2 | 2017: Second Beach Overall Results.
Continued year-round weekly monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality
time series for stakeholder and decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as
additional measures are taken to reduce combined sewer overflow and increased enforcement of pump-
out regulations for boating. Additionally, the nearshore coastline is densely populated and with slowly
rising seas levels that may eventually adversely impact existing storm and waste water infrastructure, it is
imperative to continue the weekly year-round monitoring of water quality at Second Beach.
11 11 11
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2017: Second Beach Overall Results.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e32
3.10 2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR THIRD BEACH
During the time frame from October 12, 2017 to December 21, 2017 there were 11 water samples
collected at Third Beach Middletown, RI and three samples were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per
100 ml). The overall weekly water quality results are shown in figure 11.0:
Figure 11.0 | 2017: Third Beach Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For
swimming locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the
geometric mean for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean.
The COA weekly sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a
quarterly monthly manner as shown in figure 11.1:
Figure 11.1 | 2017: Third Beach Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
En
tero
cocc
i (C
FU
/10
0M
L)
Lo
g s
cale
2017: Third Beach Weekly Enterococci.
0
32
64
96
128
160
200
8 -
Win
ter
200
8 -
Sp
rin
g
200
8 -
Su
mm
er
200
8 -
Fall
200
9 -
Win
ter
200
9 -
Sp
rin
g
200
9 -
Su
mm
er
200
9 -
Fal
l
200
9 -
Win
ter
201
0 -
Sp
ring
201
0 -
Su
mm
er
201
0 -
Fal
l
201
1 -
Win
ter
201
1 -
Sp
rin
g
201
1 -
Sum
me
r
201
1 -
Fall
201
2 -
Win
ter
201
2 -
Sp
rin
g
201
2 -
Su
mm
er
201
2 -
Fal
l
201
3 -
Win
ter
201
3 -
Sp
rin
g
201
3 -
Su
mm
er
201
3 -
Fall
201
4 -
Win
ter
201
4 -
Sp
ring
201
4 -
Su
mm
er
201
4 -
Fal
l
201
5 -
Win
ter
201
5 -
Sp
rin
g
201
5 -
Su
mm
er
201
5 -
Fal
l
201
6 -
Win
ter
201
6 -
Sp
rin
g
201
6 -
Su
mm
er
201
6 -
Fa
ll
201
7 -
Win
ter
201
7 -
Sp
rin
g
201
7 -
Su
mm
er
201
7 -
Fal
l
Qu
arte
rly
Geo
met
ric
Mea
n
(CF
U/1
00
ML
)
2017: Third Beach Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e33
The short-term water quality at Third Beach showed numerous samples of the accepted beach action
value for swimming. However, the 2-month sampling time frame is not sufficient for predicting year-round
water quality patterns.
As shown in figure 11.2, 27% of the 11 samples collected over the 2-month period tested, above the
acceptable limit. Overall the 2-month geometric mean of 24 CFU per 100 ml is slightly below the action
standard 32 CFU per 100ml and supports the short-term findings that the water quality is acceptable for
recreational swimming. Testing will continue at this site in the future.
Figure 11.2 | 2017: Third Beach Overall Results.
Continued year-round weekly monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality
time series for stakeholder and decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as
additional measures are taken to reduce combined sewer overflow and increased enforcement of pump-
out regulations for boating. Additionally, the nearshore coastline is densely populated and with slowly
rising seas levels that may eventually adversely impact existing storm and waste water infrastructure, it is
imperative to continue the weekly year-round monitoring of water quality at Third Beach.
118
3
27 24
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2017: Third Beach Overall Results.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e34
4.0 LIKELY SOURCES OF BACTERIA
4.1 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR ESPLANADE NORTH & SOUTH
During the time frame from January 15, 2009 to October 18, 2012 there were 155 water samples collected
at Esplanade North, Middletown RI and 102 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per 100 ml). A project
to re-route the flow from Esplanade North to the offshore Middletown diffuser eliminated the testing
location for Esplanade North. After completion of the construction project for the Middletown diffuser
testing resumed at the shoreline of Esplanade South. From October 17, 2013 to December 29, 2017 there
were 197 water samples collected at Esplanade South, and 18 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU
per 100 ml). These results are shown in figure 12.0:
Figure 12.0 | 2009 – 2017: Esplanade North & South Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. Although
Esplanade North was not a swimming location, the swimming criteria is applied. For swimming locations,
the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the geometric mean for at least
five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean. The COA weekly sampling
did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a quarterly monthly manner
shown in figure 12.1, with a logscale to accommodate the very elevated bacterial levels from Esplanade
North.
Figure 12.1 | 2009 – 2017: Esplanade North & South Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Ente
roco
cci (
CFU
/100
ML)
Log
sca
le
2009 – 2017: Esplanade North & South Weekly Enterococci.
1,514
102
487365
161211
94
268
57
274
1,853
309
43
98146
6934
1
32
1,024
2008
- W
inte
r
2008
- Sp
ring
2008
- Su
mm
er
2008
- Fa
ll
2009
- W
inte
r
2009
- Sp
ring
2009
- Su
mm
er
2009
- Fa
ll
2009
- W
inte
r
2010
- Sp
ring
2010
- Su
mm
er
2010
- Fa
ll
2011
- W
inte
r
2011
- Sp
ring
2011
- Su
mm
er
2011
- Fa
ll
2012
- W
inte
r
2012
- Sp
ring
2012
- Su
mm
er
2012
- Fa
ll
2013
- W
inte
r
2013
- Sp
ring
2013
- Su
mm
er
2013
- Fa
ll
2014
- W
inte
r
2014
- Sp
ring
2014
- Su
mm
er
2014
- Fa
ll
2015
- W
inte
r
2015
- Sp
ring
2015
- Su
mm
er
2015
- Fa
ll
2016
- W
inte
r
2016
- Sp
ring
2016
- Su
mm
er
2016
- Fa
ll
2017
- W
inte
r
2017
- Sp
ring
2017
- Su
mm
er
2017
- Fa
ll
Qua
rter
ly G
eom
etric
Mea
n
(CFU
/100
ML)
Log
scal
e
2009 – 2017: Esplanade North & South Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e35
The water quality at the Esplanade has greatly improved since the installation of the Middletown Diffuser.
While the Esplanade North storm water was considered a focused source of bacteria, it is now being
redirected offshore combined with the storm water from the old pipes near Esplanade South.
It is possible that the infrequent elevated bacteria levels at the shoreline of Esplanade South are from the
diffused offshore water, however it could also be from a variety of other sources not limited to the
Newport Moat as well as new/not-discovered illegal discharges in Easton’s Point.
As shown in figure 12.2, only 9% of the 197 samples collected at Esplanade South over the 4-year period
tested above the acceptable limit and the infrequent elevated levels occur each year. Overall the 4-year
geometric mean of 15 CFU per 100 ml is well below the action standard 32 CFU per 100ml and supports
the long-term findings that the water quality is acceptable for recreational swimming even within
proximity to the Middletown diffuser.
Figure 12.2 | 2009 – 2017: Esplanade North & South Overall Results.
The results in this area are promising, however the occasional elevated levels of bacteria at Esplanade
South warrant continued testing to make sure the levels do not increase. Continued year-round weekly
monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality time series for stakeholder and
decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as land development continues in the
Atlantic Beach Area and Easton’s point. Additionally, careful monitoring of the Middletown Diffuser
requires year-round data acquisition, and with slowly rising seas levels that may eventually adversely
impact existing storm and waste water infrastructure, it is imperative to continue the weekly year-round
monitoring of water quality at the Esplanade in Middletown, RI.
155
53
10266
197197 179
18
915
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2009 – 2012: Esplanade North Results.2013-2017: Esplanade South Results.
Esplanade North Esplanade South
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e36
4.1 2008-2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR EASTON’S STREAM
During the time frame from January 15, 2009 to December 29, 2017 there were 423 water samples
collected at Easton’s Stream, Newport RI, and 124 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per 100 ml).
It should be noted that Easton’s Stream is not a swimming area (although human contact via recreation
does occur) and is known to be a source of bacteria that enters the swimming waters of Easton’s Bay.
These results are shown in figure 13.0:
Figure 13.0 | 2009 – 2017: Easton’s Stream Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For
swimming locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the
geometric mean for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean.
The COA weekly sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a
quarterly monthly manner shown in figure 13.1, with a logscale to accommodate the very elevated
bacterial levels from Easton’s Stream.
Figure 13.1 | 2009 – 2017: Easton’s Stream Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
En
tero
cocc
i (C
FU
/10
0M
L)
Lo
g s
cale
2009 – 2017: Easton’s Stream Weekly Enterococci.
85180163
55 56
271477
331
34
1,269
289206257
402333
767
242236167167
54
206111
251
48
296316375
60
196
67141
234315333392
1
32
1,024
20
08
- W
inte
r
2008
- S
prin
g
2008
- S
umm
er
2008
- Fa
ll
2009
- W
inte
r
2009
- S
prin
g
2009
- S
umm
er
2009
- Fa
ll
2009
- W
inte
r
20
10 -
Sp
rin
g
20
10 -
Su
mm
er
20
10 -
Fa
ll
2011
- W
inte
r
2011
- S
pri
ng
2011
- S
um
mer
20
11 -
Fa
ll
2012
- W
inte
r
20
12 -
Sp
rin
g
20
12 -
Su
mm
er
2012
- F
all
2013
- W
inte
r
20
13 -
Sp
rin
g
20
13 -
Su
mm
er
20
13 -
Fa
ll
2014
- W
inte
r
2014
- S
pri
ng
2014
- S
um
mer
20
14 -
Fa
ll
2015
- W
inte
r
20
15 -
Sp
rin
g
20
15 -
Su
mm
er
20
15 -
Fa
ll
2016
- W
inte
r
20
16 -
Sp
rin
g
20
16 -
Su
mm
er
2016
- Fa
ll
2017
- W
inte
r
2017
- S
pri
ng
2017
- S
umm
er
2017
- F
all
Qu
arte
rly
Geo
met
ric
Mea
n
(CF
U/1
00
ML
) L
og
scal
e
2009 – 2017: Easton’s Stream Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
Pag
e37
The water of Easton’s Stream is a complex mixture of storm water from Newport and potential sources
including potential overflows from the Middletown pumping station, Department of Transportation
stormwater runoff, influences of large tides, runoff from the watershed flanking all sides of Easton’s Pond,
and bacteria-loaded sediment in the Newport Moat and Easton’s Stream. The City of Newport has built a
UV plant to treat discharge from the Moat and this was in operation during the summer months for 2013
onwards. The sampling point for Easton’s Stream is shoreward of the treatment facility, capturing the
summer effluent from the UV plant.
As shown in figure 13.2, 76% of the 423 samples collected at Easton’s stream over the 8-year period tested
above the acceptable limit with elevated levels occur throughout each year. Overall the 8-year geometric
mean of 194 CFU per 100 ml is well above the action standard 32 CFU per 100ml.
Figure 13.2 | 2009 – 2017: Easton’s Stream Overall Results.
The efforts by the City of Newport to reduce beach closures during the summer season have been
effective with numerous projects related to storm water and waste water infrastructure, including the
effective summer operations of UV disinfection plant. While summer geometric means have decreased,
the COA water quality monitoring efforts are focused on year-round water quality and elevated bacteria
levels exist at various times throughout the year.
Continued year-round weekly monitoring is vital to protect human health, to maintain the water quality
time series for stakeholder and decisions makers, and to monitor for water quality impairments as land
development continues around all sides of Easton’s Pond. Additionally, the complex interaction of the
Newport Moat effluent and the Middletown Diffuser warrant year-round data acquisition, and with
slowly rising seas levels that may eventually adversely impact existing storm and waste water
infrastructure, it is imperative to continue the weekly year-round monitoring of water quality at the
Easton’s Stream, Newport RI.
423
100
323
76
194
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2009 – 2017: Easton’s Stream Overall Results.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
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5.0 LIKELY SOURCES OF BACTERIA IN THE WATERSHED
5.1 2017: WATER QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY FOR BAILEYS BROOK
During the time frame of March 24, 2016 to December 29, 2017 there were 86 samples collected at
Baileys Brook, Middletown RI, and 50 were above the acceptable limit (60 CFU per 100 ml). Baileys
Brook is in an urban area with high traffic. The exact location is at the bridge crossing Bailey Brook
directly behind the Aquidneck shopping plaza on O’Neill Boulevard. The overall weekly water quality
results are shown in figure 14.0:
Figure 14.0 | 2017: Baileys Brook Weekly Enterococci.
Analysis of water quality over a long-time period is better understood using a geometric mean. For
swimming locations, the Rhode Island standard for results of the Enterococci test is to compute the
geometric mean for at least five samples. The action standard is 32 CFU per 100ml for a geometric mean.
The COA weekly sampling did not result in 5 samples per month so the geometric mean is applied in a
quarterly monthly manner shown in figure 14.1, with a logscale to accommodate the very elevated
bacterial levels from Baileys Brook.
Figure 14.1 | 2017: Baileys Brook Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
1
60
3,600
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Ente
roco
cci (
CFU
/100
ML)
Log
sca
le
2016-2017: Baileys Brook Weekly Enterococci
281
340
130
273
67
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
200
8 -
Win
ter
200
8 -
Sp
rin
g
200
8 -
Su
mm
er
200
8 -
Fall
200
9 -
Win
ter
200
9 -
Sp
rin
g
200
9 -
Su
mm
er
200
9 -
Fal
l
200
9 -
Win
ter
201
0 -
Sp
ring
201
0 -
Su
mm
er
201
0 -
Fal
l
201
1 -
Win
ter
201
1 -
Sp
rin
g
201
1 -
Sum
me
r
201
1 -
Fall
201
2 -
Win
ter
201
2 -
Sp
rin
g
201
2 -
Su
mm
er
201
2 -
Fal
l
201
3 -
Win
ter
201
3 -
Sp
rin
g
201
3 -
Su
mm
er
201
3 -
Fall
201
4 -
Win
ter
201
4 -
Sp
ring
201
4 -
Su
mm
er
201
4 -
Fal
l
201
5 -
Win
ter
201
5 -
Sp
rin
g
201
5 -
Su
mm
er
201
5 -
Fal
l
201
6 -
Win
ter
201
6 -
Sp
rin
g
201
6 -
Su
mm
er
201
6 -
Fa
ll
201
7 -
Win
ter
201
7 -
Sp
rin
g
201
7 -
Su
mm
er
201
7 -
Fal
l
Qu
arte
rly
Geo
met
ric
Mea
n
(CF
U/1
00
ML
)
2016 - 2017: Bailey's Brook Quarterly Geometric Mean of Enterococci.
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Baileys Brook is a main receptor of storm and urban run-off. Highly effected by watershed, Baileys Brook
has numerous potential non-point contaminates.
As shown in figure 14.2, 58% of the 86 samples collected at Baileys Brook over the 2-year period tested
above the acceptable limit with elevated levels occur throughout the year. Overall the 2-year geometric
mean of 96 CFU per 100 ml is well above the action standard 32 CFU per 100ml.
Figure 14.2 | 2017: Baileys Brook Overall Results.
Baileys Brook watershed branches into two south flowing streams, which join and drain directly into
North and South Easton’s Pond. As Easton’s pond provides drinking water for residents of Aquidneck
Island, it is imperative to conduct year-round testing to ensure human health. By testing water for
bacteria further up the watershed, trends may be seen between distance and time water travels from
Baileys Brook to Easton’s Pond and ultimately the Atlantic Ocean via Easton’s Stream.
86
3650 58
96
Samples Collected Samples Below BAV Samples Above BAV Percentage Above BAV Geometric Mean
2017: Bailey's Brook Overall Results.
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6.0 FUTURE ACTIVITIES
The specific goals for the coastal water quality program are a combination of sound water quality
management plan that includes regular water quality testing, timely identification of point and nonpoint
source of pollutants, and effective remediation. Our specific goals since 2006 remain the same: (1) to
continue to establish a baseline foundation of water quality at several locations that are widely used by
ocean enthusiasts although not recognized as designed swimming areas, (2) Official designation of
swimming areas, (3) to provide a baseline for possibly re-opening Kings Park Swim Area, (4) to expand
the program to test the likely sources of Enterococci at Easton’s Bay so as to eliminate the sources, (5) to
bring public awareness to water quality during “off season” months, a time in which many people use the
water for recreation, (6) to bring public awareness to dry-weather water quality issues working in
partnership with all agencies, so as to (7) achieve the long term goal of year-round funded water testing
in New England and (8) permanent year-round clean water.
6.1 SUSTAINING CURRENT PROGRAM
The Clean Ocean access water quality monitoring program must continue with weekly samples at twelve
locations and isolated testing at other locations on Aquidneck Island (within budget). The results from
2008 through 2017 show that several locations warrant action for determining the source of Enterococci
and measures taken to make sure permanent clean water is achieved so that future generations can
continue to enjoy ocean activities. Continued year-round testing to inform stakeholders and decision
makers about water quality impairment is vital to protecting the water quality at our area beaches, a vital
component to our tourism economy.
In 2018, the organization plans to continue weekly water sampling at twelve locations.
6.2 DESIGNATION OF SWIMMING AREAS
Several areas on Aquidneck Island are widely known as recreational swimming areas but are not
designated as swimming areas by the local and/or state officials. COA has the goal to work in partnership
with the City of Newport, Town of Middletown and Rhode Island Department of Health to take the
necessary steps to designate these areas and establish water quality monitoring as part of the state
program.
In 2018, the organization will seek funding support to develop a plan to initiate these activities.
6.3 RE-OPENING KINGS PARK SWIM AREA
Fortunately, this goal has been achieved!
In 2018, the organization plans to continue weekly water sampling at this location.
6.4 ELIMINATION OF SOURCES IMPACTING EASTON’S BAY
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The likely sources of Enterococci in Easton’s Bay are the Newport Moat and Middletown Esplanade
however elevated readings are also found on surrounding shorelines such as Marine Avenue Beach and
the source is not known. COA will work in partnership with the City of Newport, Town of Middletown, and
Rhode Island Department of Health to take the necessary steps to address all sources of Enterococci
impacting Easton’s Bay and surrounding shorelines. The solutions are inevitably a combination of
education, outreach, water conservation, and gray and green infrastructure solutions.
In 2018, the organization will complete the “Storm water pathogens: Find it & Fix it” project. This project
was funded by an agreement (CE00A0004) awarded by the Environmental Protection Agency to the New
England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission on behalf of the Narragansett Bay Estuary
Program. The project collected twice monthly 12 water samples and 8 sediment samples from Newport
Moat and Easton’s Beach from June 2016 to December 2016 to identify bacteria levels during dry & wet
weather, identify the likely sources, propose remediation plans, and improvements for conveyance
systems. The output from this project will aide stakeholder and decision makers in developing plans to
address the bacteria in the Newport Moat. Additionally, plans are underway to expand the water quality
monitoring in the Paradise Brook Watershed that drains to Third Beach to determine the source of
bacteria.
6.5 ESCALATION OF OFF-SEASON WATER QUALITY ISSUES
After Labor Day the New England beaches are no longer tested for Enterococci by the Rhode Island
Department of Health. COA will work in partnership with the City of Newport, Town of Middletown and
Rhode Island Department of Health to bring awareness to these off-season water quality issues and devise
strategies for using this data to make better decisions to improve overall water quality for the shoreline.
In 2018, the organization will seek funding support to develop a plan to initiate these activities.
4.6 RESEARCH OF DRY-WEATHER WATER QUALITY ISSUES
Significant effort has been put towards wet-weather events and beach closure protocols, however the
scope of public health concerns needs to include dry-weather water quality issues. We plan to continue
the positive energy relationship with all agencies and work to document, discover and address elevated
levels of Enterococci that occur during long duration dry-weather events.
In 2018, the organization efforts for this goal are listed in section 6.4.
6.7 YEAR-ROUND DESIGNATION AND FUNDING
Currently New England beaches are designated as seasonal use (Memorial Day to Labor Day) and this
results in funding from EPA provided to RIDOH to be limited for this period. However, our shorelines are
used by recreational swimmers from May through October and a large wave riding population throughout
the entire year. COA will work in partnership with local, state and federal officials to change the
designation of New England Beaches and establish proper funding for year-round testing.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
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In 2018, the organization will seek funding support to develop a plan to initiate these activities.
6.8 PERMANENT CLEAN WATER
The current COA water quality monitoring program is based on the federal Beaches Environmental
Assessment and Coastal Health (BEACH) Act which requires that water is tested for Enterococci.
Enterococcus is a part of the composition of Fecal Coliform which is a special kind of bacteria that is found
primarily in the intestinal tracts of warm blooded animals. These bacteria are released into environment
via human and animal feces and if ingested while swimming or adsorbed in the skin they may cause human
disease, infection or rashes. However, this is just one of the many factors that impact ocean health. COA
will work with local, state and federal officials as the Clean Water Act expands to cover additional factors
that impact ocean health such as waste water, storm water and excess nutrients impacting our watershed
that drains into the ocean.
In 2018, the organization will work on the goals and activities listed above.
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
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APPENDIX FOR 2008-2017 WATER QUALITY SAMPLING RESULTS:
TABLE 1.0 PRECIPITATION.
Month Year - 2008 Year - 2009 Year - 2010 Year - 2011 Year - 2012 Year - 2013 Year - 2014 Year - 2015 Year - 2016 Year - 2017
January 1.608 2.749 2.590 0.820 2.180 1.350 2.630 2.730 2.810 4.850
February 4.714 1.013 3.780 3.760 1.320 3.030 2.930 2.140 4.430 1.230
March 4.613 1.648 12.890 2.500 0.510 2.680 2.600 3.570 2.350 3.700
April 2.732 4.906 1.850 3.870 2.150 1.750 5.200 1.550 3.460 4.750
May 2.572 2.330 2.120 2.470 4.510 2.370 0.870 0.890 3.090 5.350
June 2.174 2.470 4.270 2.770 2.930 8.310 1.950 3.880 0.940 1.700
July 3.506 8.090 2.870 1.150 4.250 2.720 4.940 3.630 1.193 2.330
August 2.502 3.340 1.780 4.170 3.390 2.530 2.030 3.470 1.050 2.510
September 6.623 3.670 3.926 5.730 2.020 1.360 1.410 4.310 3.330 2.310
October 1.853 6.130 2.540 6.810 2.030 0.570 2.990 4.080 5.310 5.470
November 3.801 2.920 3.610 4.610 0.310 3.383 4.390 2.840 2.830 3.050
December 5.397 4.340 0.450 2.580 4.060 3.940 5.070 2.320 3.020 2.920
Total 42.095 43.606 42.676 41.240 29.660 33.993 37.010 35.410 33.813 40.170
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
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TABLE 2.0 QUARTERLY GEOMETRIC MEAN.
QuarterEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine
Avenue Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
2008 - Winter 10 16 7 13 13 10 9
2008 - Spring 10 16 10 21 12 10 10
2008 - Summer 46 62 23 109 24 24 27
2008 - Fall 19 35 25 112 35 16 13
2009 - Winter 11 1,514 16 85 15 25 34 18 14
2009 - Spring 12 102 17 180 10 39 17 17 11
2009 - Summer 165 487 77 163 27 139 50 22 26
2009 - Fall 19 365 44 55 28 24 31 20 50
2009 - Winter 6 161 10 56 6 7 8 14 8
2010 - Spring 12 211 21 271 7 19 10 12 8
2010 - Summer 37 94 63 477 11 129 22 14 8
2010 - Fall 11 268 18 331 16 28 33 11 9
2011 - Winter 5 57 10 34 7 8 16 8 7
2011 - Spring 47 274 44 1,269 9 25 22 6 9
2011 - Summer 29 1,853 50 289 7 58 25 21 10
2011 - Fall 14 309 31 206 17 48 66 20 28
2012 - Winter 7 43 23 257 7 15 9 10 8
2012 - Spring 10 98 27 402 11 45 17 14 12
2012 - Summer 12 146 27 333 11 43 27 10 13
2012 - Fall 14 69 35 767 12 18 36 14 16
2013 - Winter 12 14 242 11 24 16 20 10
2013 - Spring 11 40 236 18 25 18 15 14
2013 - Summer 13 41 167 13 35 14 13 24
2013 - Fall 14 15 21 167 25 38 13 21 13
2014 - Winter 10 15 18 54 14 13 11 15 11
2014 - Spring 12 15 24 206 12 25 13 18 12
2014 - Summer 12 12 27 111 13 63 20 10 10
2014 - Fall 13 19 38 251 12 41 32 18 15
2015 - Winter 17 12 13 48 10 32 20 13 18
2015 - Spring 18 10 32 296 14 15 11 14 10
2015 - Summer 13 30 21 316 18 178 23 17 16
2015 - Fall 14 34 51 375 17 44 24 21 17
2016 - Winter 11 19 21 60 10 12 13 16 12
2016 - Spring 11 11 19 196 13 46 12 10 10 281
2016 - Summer 13 20 22 67 14 107 14 14 16 340
2016 - Fall 10 10 22 141 11 23 11 16 10 22
2017 - Winter 11 21 23 234 10 27 11 13 11 19
2017 - Spring 11 11 22 315 11 16 21 11 10 130
2017 - Summer 11 11 28 333 11 52 14 16 14 273
2017 - Fall 17 16 20 392 12 13 11 15 10 67 11 24
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
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TABLE 3.0 2008-2017: OVERALL STATISTICS.
StatisticEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
Samples Collected 468 155 197 467 423 433 469 469 449 468 86 11 11
Samples Below BAV 418 53 179 343 100 401 316 398 409 429 36 11 8
Samples Above BAV 50 102 18 124 323 32 153 71 40 39 50 0 3
Percentage Above BAV 11 66 9 27 76 7 33 15 9 8 58 0 27
Geometric Mean 14 197 15 27 194 12 33 19 14 13 96 11 24
2008-2017 Water Quality Monitoring Summary Report
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TABLE 3.1 2008-2017: SAMPLES ABOVE THE BE ACH ACTION VALUE PER YEAR.
Samples Above BAV
Year
Easton's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
2008 9 0 0 15 0 3 22 8 6 2
2009 10 28 0 14 37 9 19 13 7 11
2010 8 30 0 11 36 2 13 5 4 2
2011 9 28 0 17 35 3 16 13 6 6
2012 1 16 0 11 35 0 10 7 2 4
2013 2 0 0 11 35 2 14 5 4 4
2014 2 0 5 9 37 6 15 8 3 2
2015 7 0 5 15 38 4 18 6 3 5
2016 1 0 4 9 30 3 16 2 3 3 22
2017 1 0 4 12 40 0 10 4 2 0 28 0 3
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TABLE 3.2 2008-2017: OVERALL STATISTICS FOR GEOMETRIC MEAN.
Annual Geometric Mean
Year
Easton's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
2008 18 0 0 29 0 15 48 20 14 14
2009 25 437 0 32 109 19 41 31 19 23
2010 14 174 0 23 238 9 30 15 13 9
2011 17 233 0 32 242 10 29 28 12 12
2012 10 82 0 28 412 10 26 19 12 12
2013 12 0 15 28 200 14 30 15 16 15
2014 12 0 15 27 142 13 31 18 15 12
2015 15 0 19 27 218 14 45 19 16 15
2016 11 0 14 21 104 12 34 13 14 12 111
2017 12 0 14 23 313 11 24 14 13 11 86 11 24
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TABLE 4.0 SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES FOR 2008.
DateEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
4-Jan-08 5 50 5 5 5 5 5
10-Jan-08 5 51 5 5 5 5 5
15-Jan-08 5 5 5 5 31 5 5
23-Jan-08 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
30-Jan-08 5 5 5 5 5 5 31
6-Feb-08 52 5 5 5 5 5 5
13-Feb-08 10 20 10 72 10 10 10
18-Feb-08 10 10 10 20 10 10 10
27-Feb-08 20 20 10 10 63 63 20
6-Mar-08 10 10 10 10 10 98 10
10-Mar-08 10 10 10 52 20 10 10
20-Mar-08 20 703 10 173 160 10 10
27-Mar-08 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
2-Apr-08 10 10 10 30 10 10 10
7-Apr-08 10 10 10 40 10 10 10
17-Apr-08 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
22-Apr-08 10 30 10 40 10 10 10
29-Apr-08 10 252 10 183 41 10 10
5-May-08 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
13-May-08 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
19-May-08 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
28-May-08 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
4-Jun-08 84 119 10 96 10 10 10
12-Jun-08 10 20 10 10 10 10 10
18-Jun-08 10 30 10 10 41 10 10
23-Jun-08 41 84 10 96 10 31 10
1-Jul-08 63 131 7,701 3,448 63 10 10
7-Jul-08 74 86 10 114 20 171 11,199
14-Jul-08 52 52 31 313 52 168 677
21-Jul-08 441 10 10 663 10 74 10
29-Jul-08 41 163 40 52 20 10
4-Aug-08 10 85 106 124 10 10 10
12-Aug-08 216 213 10 443 173 63 30
19-Aug-08 63 181 10 185 10 10 20
26-Aug-08 20 10 10 10 30 10 10
8-Sep-08 10 52 10 307 51 10 10
17-Sep-08 10 31 31 51 20 10 10
25-Sep-08 10 98 10 84 10 20 10
2-Oct-08 10 96 20 10 62 20 10
9-Oct-08 134 20 7,701 5,172 160 20 20
14-Oct-08 529 97 52 988 10 10 10
21-Oct-08 10 251 10 86 10 10 10
6-Nov-08 10 20 30 74 131 41 20
14-Nov-08 10 30 10 504 10 20 10
21-Nov-08 10 41 10 10 20 10 10
25-Nov-08 30 31 41 413 31 41 10
1-Dec-08 10 105 20 41 754 10 10
10-Dec-08 10 10 10 313 52 20 10
17-Dec-08 20 10 30 95 20 31 31
22-Dec-08 72 10 10 30 31 10 41
30-Dec-08 10 10 10 20 31 10 10
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TABLE 5.0 SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES FOR 2009.
DateEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
15-Jan-09 10 1,259 10 10 703 92 6,867 10 10
22-Jan-09 10 809 10 20 10 10 74 10 10
29-Jan-09 31 1,664 41 907 10 336 148 538 269
5-Feb-09 10 14,136 10 98 10 51 10 10
12-Feb-09 10 1,624 10 960 10 84 30 52
19-Feb-09 10 1,396 31 109 10 10 31 10 10
26-Feb-09 10 336 10 110 10 10 10 10 10
5-Mar-09 10 41 20 10 10 10 10
12-Mar-09 10 10 122 10 10 10 10 10
19-Mar-09 10 41 52 10 10 10 10 10
26-Mar-09 10 10 63 10 20 10 10
2-Apr-09 10 31 160 10 100 253 10 10
9-Apr-09 10 10 379 10 10 10 31 10
16-Apr-09 10 10 10 10 336 10 10 10
23-Apr-09 10 20 156 10 10 10 10
30-Apr-09 10 10 63 10 10 10 10
7-May-09 10 683 10 10 20 41
14-May-09 10 41 10 52 10 10 10 20 10
20-May-09 10 10 275 10 41 10 10
28-May-09 10 10 262 10 257 10 63 10
4-Jun-09 10 11,199 657 5,794 10 285 10 10
11-Jun-09 10 41 389 158 20 10 10
18-Jun-09 20 30 10 73 10 31 10 10 10
25-Jun-09 30 20 10 86 10 10 74 10 20
2-Jul-09 1,935 135 20 350 2,282 598 30 173
9-Jul-09 285 3,255 146 223 106 97 11,199 107 305
17-Jul-09 10 20 30 717 10 126 20 20 10
23-Jul-09 148 122 216 84 10 324 10 10 10
30-Jul-09 6,867 15,530 52 106 10 10 52 10
6-Aug-09 74 31 126 20 10 10 20 10
13-Aug-09 813 4,611 620 768 10 80 10 97
20-Aug-09 3,255 41 96 3,873 31 1,153 10 10 10
27-Aug-09 30 10 278 10 341 85 10
3-Sep-09 84 213 20 31 120 10 10 31
10-Sep-09 10 20 213 63 10 10 10
17-Sep-09 10 3,873 20 10 187 240 10 72
24-Sep-09 2,755 337 62 142 73 97 131 10
1-Oct-09 10 1,607 41 41 10 30 10 10 138
8-Oct-09 20 278 20 61 10 10 213 10 288
15-Oct-09 10 10 10 10 10 10 323 20 226
22-Oct-09 238 336 41 30 419 10 10 20 10
29-Oct-09 10 934 63 359 109 74 3,282 148
5-Nov-09 10 1,785 10 20 327 10 10 10 10
12-Nov-09 10 74 410 231 10 20 10 51 10
19-Nov-09 10 318 73 61 10 10 10 10 10
25-Nov-09 10 990 10 173 10 10 10 10 185
3-Dec-09 422 19,863 754 364 24,192 20 134 85
10-Dec-09 31 1,396 187 246 20 20 73 41
17-Dec-09 10 119 61 72 10 10 10 10
23-Dec-09 10 95 20 20 10 10 10
30-Dec-09 10 41 10 10 10 10 10 780
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TABLE 6.0 SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES FOR 2010.
DateEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
14-Jan-10 10 31 122 10 10 10 10
21-Jan-10 10 148 10 171 10 10 10 10 10
28-Jan-10 10 330 10 20 10 30 10 20 10
4-Feb-10 5 298 10 98 5 5 5 5 5
18-Feb-10 5 216 5 63 5 5 5 10 5
25-Feb-10 5 547 30 243 5 5 20 31
4-Mar-10 5 74 5 20 5 5 5 5 10
11-Mar-10 5 3,784 5 121 5 5 5 10 5
18-Mar-10 5 31 20 20 5 5 5 41 31
25-Mar-10 5 5 5 10 5 5 30 41 5
1-Apr-10 10 63 20 275 10 20 110 135 52
8-Apr-10 5 588 85 41 5 10 5 10 5
15-Apr-10 5 20 5 10 5 5 5 5
22-Apr-10 5 10 5 20 5 52 5 5
29-Apr-10 5 85 31 512 5 5 5 5 5
6-May-10 5 5 10 63 5 5 10 10
13-May-10 10 118 10 30 5 5
27-May-10 5 7,701 52 14,136 20 10 31 5 5
3-Jun-10 10 909 41 8,297 10 61 10 10 10
10-Jun-10 20 2,489 20 4,884 10 62 31 5 10
17-Jun-10 41 14,136 31 408 5 5 74 5
24-Jun-10 613 86 52 301 20 41 10 10 10
1-Jul-10 10 4,884 72 497 10 20 10 10 10
8-Jul-10 63 135 428 725 10 223 10 10 10
15-Jul-10 10 10 20 12,997 41 386 259 41 74
22-Jul-10 385 70 496 10 126 10 10
29-Jul-10 10 61 1,616 2,014 10 17,329 10 10 20
4-Aug-10 5 359 309 30 5 41 5
12-Aug-10 727 441 207 292 20 839 20 31 10
19-Aug-10 10 10 145 5 20 5 5
26-Aug-10 1,145 183 10 187 5 73 10 10 5
9-Sep-10 5 10 74 109 41 10 5
16-Sep-10 5 20 97 10 3,873 10 5
23-Sep-10 108 223 63 2,282 10 5 31 5
30-Sep-10 96 20 5 238 5 19,863 5 10 5
7-Oct-10 30 1,597 52 988 195 6,867 10 10
14-Oct-10 5 5 5 41 10 5 5 10
21-Oct-10 10 381 111 85 10 10 5 5
28-Oct-10 74 7,701 185 8,164 5 327 305 110
10-Nov-10 10 1,391 63 272 160 10 20 10 10
17-Nov-10 5 15,531 9,804 86 489 161 20
24-Nov-10 5 52 5 354 5 5 5 5
1-Dec-10 5 697 10 41 5 5 5 5
8-Dec-10 10 31 5 86 10 10 5 5
15-Dec-10 41 30 41 906 10 98 52 10
22-Dec-10 5 158 5 41 5 5 5
29-Dec-10 10 52 5 496 10 74 5 5
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TABLE 7.0 SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES FOR 2011.
DateEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
5-Jan-11 5 173 5 171 20 10 31 5 5
13-Jan-11 5 30 563 20 5 5
10-Feb-11 5 5 98 10 3,654
17-Feb-11 5 663 98 10 5
24-Feb-11 5 1,414 5 20 5 5 5 10 5
3-Mar-11 5 5 278 10 5 5 5 5 10
10-Mar-11 5 5 10 20 5 5 5 5 5
17-Mar-11 5 216 5 5 5 5 10 109 20
24-Mar-11 5 30 5 10 5 10 5
31-Mar-11 5 98 5 10 10 20 5 5 10
7-Apr-11 5 81 5 41 5 5 10 20 5
14-Apr-11 5 379 63 933 5 5 160 5 52
21-Apr-11 5 41 5 5 5 20 5 5
28-Apr-11 10 187 5 86 10 10 10 5 5
5-May-11 10 605 5 223 40 5 5 5
11-May-11 5 20 197 173 5 108 5 5 5
19-May-11 10 12,997 369 6,488 5 5 20 5 5
26-May-11 2,613 134 254 2,143 5 72 5 5 5
2-Jun-11 683 262 187 4,106 10 10 41 5 10
9-Jun-11 24,192 1,076 583 24,192 5 41 63
16-Jun-11 85 31 5 1,664 171 40 31 5 5
23-Jun-11 15,531 336 24,192 5 472 341 171
30-Jun-11 74 20 2,481 41 84 10 5
14-Jul-11 4,352 31 95 52 96 408 41 10
21-Jul-11 10 5 5 5 5 5
28-Jul-11 145 109 5 5 5 10 5
4-Aug-11 74 41 865 5 141 5 108 10
11-Aug-11 465 20 855 10 63 41 5 5
18-Aug-11 10 5 314 5 51 20 41 5
25-Aug-11 95 41 5 5 5 10 5
1-Sep-11 5 63 743 5 61 5 5 5
8-Sep-11 24,192 259 41 10 2,613 738 1,017 272
15-Sep-11 5 10 187 10 52 20 5 5
29-Sep-11 63 11,199 341 7,270 5 512 146 31 63
6-Oct-11 5 120 5 41 10 41 63 5 5
13-Oct-11 197 24,192 85 19,863 275 2,613 8,664 243 2,014
20-Oct-11 41 9,804 187 2,723 253 74 3,873 240 240
27-Oct-11 5 2,247 373 189 20 72 86 41
4-Nov-11 10 85 20 74 10 10 5 10
10-Nov-11 20 5 20 74 5 121 5 31 5
17-Nov-11 5 5,794 10 98 10 115 1,515 30 31
22-Nov-11 10 30 5 5 10 5 5
1-Dec-11 5 256 41 5 20 5 5 10
8-Dec-11 219 7,270 105 3,076 20 169 399 240 259
15-Dec-11 5 10 10 52 10 10 5
22-Dec-11 5 74 5 74 10 10 5 5 10
29-Dec-11 10 108 74 20 5 10
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TABLE 8.0 SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES FOR 2012.
DateEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
5-Jan-12 5 134 173 5 30 5 5 5
12-Jan-12 5 2,481 84 10 10 31 31
19-Jan-12 5 31 20 697 5 10 10 5 5
26-Jan-12 5 10 189 5 10 5 31 5
2-Feb-12 5 31 557 5 10 5 5 5
9-Feb-12 5 5 10 5 5 20 10 5
16-Feb-12 5 5 20 663 5 20 10 5 5
23-Feb-12 5 5 10 122 5 20 5 20
1-Mar-12 10 2,480 20 2,190 10 31 20 20 10
8-Mar-12 10 10 10 160 10 10 10 10 10
15-Mar-12 10 5 5 85 10 20 10 10 10
22-Mar-12 10 10 10 771 10 10 10 10 10
29-Mar-12 10 8,660 10 10 52 10 10 10
5-Apr-12
12-Apr-12 10 10 10 41 31 81 10 10 10
19-Apr-12 10 10 10 216 10 20 10 10 10
26-Apr-12 10 20 82 226 10 61 20 10 10
3-May-12 10 3,650 41 416 10 74 10 10 10
9-May-12 10 8,660 1,660 19,900 10 298 1,940 74 63
17-May-12 10 413 10 199 10 173 10 20
24-May-12 10 20 10 20 10 10 10
31-May-12 10 10 10 51 10 52 10
7-Jun-12 10 31 10 187 10 10 20 10 10
14-Jun-12 10 487 10 10 41 10 10
21-Jun-12 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
28-Jun-12 10 41 1,110 10 10 10 10
5-Jul-12 10 10 41 30 10 10
12-Jul-12 10 813 30 110 10 81 10 10 10
19-Jul-12 10 10 354 63
26-Jul-12 20 1,420 10 465 10 71 10 10 10
2-Aug-12 41 148 1,120 20 51 10 10
9-Aug-12
16-Aug-12 10 84 645 20 109 10 10
23-Aug-12 10 20 95 185 10 10 10 10
30-Aug-12 10 10 20 959 40 10 10 10
6-Sep-12 10 259 52 10 40 171 10 20
13-Sep-12 10 1,260 10 119 10 20 10 10 10
20-Sep-12 10 63 96 443 10 31 213 10 10
27-Sep-12 10 638 10 146 10 10 20 10 20
4-Oct-12 20 10 512 10 20 30 20 20
11-Oct-12 96 223 31 3,450 10 132 134 10 10
18-Oct-12 31 74 10 1,720 10 73 41 10 10
25-Oct-12 10 327 10 10 30 31 10
1-Nov-12 109 20 20 10 10
8-Nov-12 10 75 24,200 20 30 52 85 86
15-Nov-12 10 20 1,380 10 10 10 10 10
21-Nov-12 10 132 20 10 10 10 10 10
29-Nov-12 10 41 2,380 10 10 10 10 41
6-Dec-12 10 51 73 10 10 10 10 10
13-Dec-12 10 20 906 52 10 379 10 10
20-Dec-12 10 31 521 10 10 10 10
27-Dec-12 20 41 10 857 10 75
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TABLE 9.0 SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES FOR 2013.
DateEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
3-Jan-13 10 10 231 10 10 30 20 10
10-Jan-13 10 132 10 98 10 10 10
17-Jan-13 10 20 538 10 10 10 10
24-Jan-13 10 211 10 20 10 20
31-Jan-13 10 31 9,800 20 246 63 583 10
7-Feb-13 10 10 10 10 10 20 10
14-Feb-13 10 10 279 10 20 20 10 10
21-Feb-13 10 31 41 10 20 10 10 10
7-Mar-13 10 2,140 10 61 41 10
14-Mar-13 41 20 10 10 10 10 10 10
21-Mar-13 10 10 84 75 10 10 10
28-Mar-13 10 10 10 10 20 10
4-Apr-13 74 52 10 10 10 10 98
11-Apr-13 10 31 24,200 10 20 20 10 10
18-Apr-13 10 134 195 10 147 75 10 10
25-Apr-13 20 10 98 61 10 10 10 10
2-May-13 10 74 216 10 20 10 10 10
9-May-13 10 10 1,400 450 10 888 10 10
16-May-13 10 20 327 10 93 10 20 10
23-May-13 10 426 203 10 30 10 10 10
30-May-13 10 20 20 10 40 10 719 41
6-Jun-13 10 20 121 20 30 10 10 10
13-Jun-13 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
20-Jun-13 10 41 537 71 10 10 10
27-Jun-13 10 211 1,110 10 20 10 20
2-Jul-13 20 10 31 10 41 10 10 20
11-Jul-13 10 81 185 20 319 20 10 10
18-Jul-13 10 279 197 10 10 10 10 10
25-Jul-13 10 209 987 52 40 10 10 10
1-Aug-13 10 41 173 10 10 20 317
8-Aug-13 31 20 10 60 20
15-Aug-13 10 84 650 10 81 10 10 74
22-Aug-13 10 10 496 10 10 10 10 73
29-Aug-13 10 10 97 10 73 10 10 52
5-Sep-13 10 92 323 10 30 122 10 10
12-Sep-13 161 50 160 10 20 10 98 10
19-Sep-13 10 10 422 10 30 10 20
26-Sep-13 10 41 30 20 40 10 10 10
3-Oct-13 10 211 20 10 10 20
10-Oct-13 10 10 62 20 20 51 20
17-Oct-13 108 20 20 30 41 95 10 10
24-Oct-13 20 10 20 52 228 10 20 51
31-Oct-13 10 10 20 132 10 10 10
7-Nov-13 41 202 985 10 86 10
15-Nov-13 10 10 40 420 10 10 10 10
22-Nov-13 10 10 1,180 10 20 10
26-Nov-13 10 448 10 10 20
12-Dec-13 10 10 101 10 10 10
19-Dec-13 10 30 10 908 41 20 50 10
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TABLE 10.0 SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES FOR 2014.
DateEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
2-Jan-14 84 487 10
16-Jan-14 10 10 10 10 10 10 20 10
23-Jan-14 10 10 10 30 10 10 10 10
30-Jan-14 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
13-Feb-14 10 10 10 74 10 52 10 10 10
21-Feb-14 10 10 52 10 10 10 10 41 20
27-Feb-14 10 86 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
6-Mar-14 10 10 41 10 20 10 41 10
13-Mar-14 10 30 20 148 185 10 10 10 10
20-Mar-14 10 20 20 496 10 20 20 20 10
27-Mar-14 10 10 64 10 10 10 10 10
3-Apr-14 10 10 10 134 10 10 10 10 10
10-Apr-14 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
17-Apr-14 10 10 20 20 10 20 108 10 10
24-Apr-14 10 20 10 160 10 60 10 10 10
1-May-14 10 677 199 2,610 110 512 20 52 31
8-May-14 10 10 40 74 10 10 20 10 20
15-May-14 10 10 30 1,020 10 20 10 1,010 10
22-May-14 20 10 41 109 10 10 10 10 10
29-May-14 10 10 10 830 10 101 10 10 10
5-Jun-14 41 10 31 253 10 10 10 31 10
12-Jun-14 10 10 31 616 10 61 10 10 10
19-Jun-14 10 10 52 613 10 20 10 10 10
26-Jun-14 10 10 10 168 10 10 10 10 20
3-Jul-14 10 10 30 51 10 41 10 10 10
10-Jul-14 10 10 3,130 20 332 20 10 10
17-Jul-14 10 10 10 31 251 181 10 10
24-Jul-14 10 10 30 256 10 20 10 10 10
31-Jul-14 10 10 10 85 10 10 10 10 10
7-Aug-14 20 20 20 275 176 10 10 10
14-Aug-14 10 10 10 85 10 10 785 10 10
21-Aug-14 10 10 364 20 10 73 10 10 10
28-Aug-14 10 41 10 529 10 30 10 10 10
4-Sep-14 10 10 160 146 10 81 10 10 10
11-Sep-14 41 10 108 63 10 181 10 10 10
18-Sep-14 10 10 10 10 20 20 10 10 10
25-Sep-14 10 10 41 156 63 298 31 10 10
2-Oct-14 86 10 933 13,000 31 847 703 20 120
9-Oct-14 20 31 91 295 10 63 10 52 10
16-Oct-14 10 10 41 85 10 10 10 10 10
23-Oct-14 10 231 98 4,350 121 97 10 41
30-Oct-14 10 10 30 146 10 10 10 10
6-Nov-14 10 10 10 160 10 10 10 10 10
13-Nov-14 20 10 10 63 10 30 10 10 10
20-Nov-14 10 10 52 203 20 10 122 10
25-Nov-14 10 84 52 1,310 10 10 231 146 86
4-Dec-14 10 10 10 97 10 10 10
11-Dec-14 10 10 10 20 20 10 41 10 10
18-Dec-14 10 61 114 691 10 10 63 10 10
23-Dec-14 10 20 41 173 10 24,200 299 10 10
30-Dec-14 10 10 10 31 10 10 10 10 10
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TABLE 11.0 SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES FOR 2015.
DateEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
8-Jan-15 134 10 10 74 10 10 31 10 10
15-Jan-15 10 20 10 20 10 30 10 10 80
22-Jan-15 10 10 10 41 10 10 31 20 10
29-Jan-15 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
5-Feb-15 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
12-Feb-15
19-Feb-15 10 10 10 10 10 20 10 10 10
26-Feb-15 96 10 10 119 142 41 10 52
5-Mar-15
12-Mar-15 10 10 63 41 10 300 63 31 75
19-Mar-15 10 10 10 410 10 10 10 10
26-Mar-15 10 41 31 504 10 135 41 20 10
2-Apr-15 10 10 10 51 10 10 10 393 10
9-Apr-15 10 10 345 10 10 10
16-Apr-15 10 10 63 61 10 10 10 10 10
23-Apr-15 164 183 10 10 20 10 10
30-Apr-15 10 10 84 213 10 10 10 10 10
7-May-15 10 10 63 10 20 20 10 10
14-May-15 10 134 292 10 10
21-May-15 10 10 10 4,106 10 10 10 10 10
28-May-15 10 10 10 301 20 10 10 10
4-Jun-15 504 10 31 585 41 10 10
11-Jun-15 31 10 51 1,290 10 132 10 10 10
18-Jun-15 10 187 1,390 10 10 10 10 10
25-Jun-15 10 10 127 288 10 10 10 10 10
2-Jul-15 10 108 10 1,520 10 146 160 10 31
9-Jul-15 10 10 125 369 10 30 10 10 10
16-Jul-15 10 51 10 743 118 450 41 63
23-Jul-15 10 10 10 1,070 10 100 10 10 10
31-Jul-15 52 10 10 906 10 177 10 10 10
6-Aug-15 10 31 10 132 161 10 10 10
13-Aug-15 10 10 185 613 41 30 20 10 10
20-Aug-15 10 10 10 355 24,200 10 10 10
27-Aug-15 10 10 20 422 52 200 10 52 10
3-Sep-15 10 20 10 158 10 316 10 41 201
10-Sep-15 41 14,100 285 84 213 61 452 52 10
18-Sep-15 20 10 158 10 92 10 10
24-Sep-15 10 10 10 31 10 479 10 10 10
1-Oct-15 20 266 63 1,270 591 1,310 52 52
8-Oct-15 10 218 10 10 30 10 41
15-Oct-15 31 20 10 201 10 31 10 10 10
22-Oct-15 10 10 91 216 10 41 10 52 10
29-Oct-15 41 1,610 203 19,900 318 443 364 471 199
5-Nov-15 10 10 10 52 10 20 10 75 10
12-Nov-15 10 10 20 121 10 41 31 10 10
19-Nov-15 10 51 10 663 109 10 10 10
24-Nov-15 31 71 1,250 1,350 31 10 10 10 10
3-Dec-15 10 20 10 906 30 10 10 10
10-Dec-15 10 10 481 233 10 20 10 10 10
17-Dec-15 10 10 10 586 10 10 10 10 10
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TABLE 12.0 SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES FOR 2016.
DateEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
7-Jan-16 10 10 10 10
14-Jan-16 10 20 20 72 10 10 10 31 10
21-Jan-16 10 10 10 20 10 10 10 10
28-Jan-16 10 10 10 10 10 10 20 10 10
4-Feb-16 10 41 20 171 10 20 20 355 10
11-Feb-16 10 30 10 10 10 10 10 10
18-Feb-16 10 20 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
25-Feb-16 10 75 31 2,720 10 63 10 75
3-Mar-16 20 81 50 51 10 10 10 10 10
10-Mar-16 10 10 81 131 10 10 10 10 10
17-Mar-16 10 10 10 203 10 10 10 10
24-Mar-16 10 10 10 71 10 10 10 10 10 12
31-Mar-16 10 10 165 31 10 30 10 10 23
7-Apr-16 10 10 10 10 10 74 10 10 10 37
14-Apr-16 10 10 10 20 10 10 10 10 10 39
21-Apr-16 10 10 10 31 10 10 10 10 10 21
28-Apr-16 10 10 20 90 10 60 10 10 10 45
5-May-16 10 10 10 20 10 51 30 10 10 2,420
12-May-16 10 10 10 173 10 10 10 10 10
19-May-16 10 10 10 556 31 10 10 10 112
26-May-16 10 10 163 10 102 10 10 1,550
2-Jun-16 20 10 10 1,870 10 354 10 10 10 579
9-Jun-16 10 10 63 6,870 10 152 10 10 10 1,550
16-Jun-16 10 10 10 337 10 10 10 10 980
23-Jun-16 10 31 1,850 2,140 75 109 10 10 10 344
30-Jun-16 20 10 10 397 278 31 10 1,410
7-Jul-16 114 10 10 384 10 393 94 10 86 613
14-Jul-16 10 10 253 173 10 20 20 10 10
21-Jul-16 10 10 10 145 10 10 10 187 30 2,420
28-Jul-16 10 10 20 20 10 10 41 10 579
4-Aug-16 10 10 10 10 214 10 10 10 172
11-Aug-16 10 10 10 41 10 20 10 10 10 204
18-Aug-16 10 10 20 199 63 20 10 10 10 127
25-Aug-16 70 174 41 6,910 10 10 10 649
1-Sep-16 10 151 253 74 94 10 10 31 1,050
8-Sep-16 10 336 10 31 30 10 10 142
15-Sep-16 20 31 10 10 10 120 10 63 1,410
22-Sep-16 10 31 10 109 10 10 10 10 146
29-Sep-16 10 10 10 98 10 1,300 30 10 10 31
6-Oct-16 10 10 10 121 10 10 10 10 10 52
13-Oct-16 10 10 10 323 10 259 10 10 10 75
20-Oct-16 10 10 10 794 10 20 20 10 10
27-Oct-16 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 20
3-Nov-16 10 10 72 20 10 10 10 10 10 10
10-Nov-16 10 10 30 20 30 10 41 10 16
17-Nov-16 10 10 30 983 10 10 10 10 20
22-Nov-16 10 85 253 10 10 10 20
1-Dec-16 10 10 20 2,600 20 97 20 63 10 595
8-Dec-16 10 10 20 266 10 113 10 20 10 10
14-Dec-16 10 10 50 488 10 10 10 10 63
22-Dec-16 10 10 10 41 20 10 10 10 2
29-Dec-16 10 10 20 20 10 10 10 10 10
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TABLE 13.0 SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES FOR 2017.
DateEaston's
Point
Esplanade
North
Esplanade
South
Easton's
Beach
Easton's
Stream
Ochre
Point
Marine Avenue
Beach
Kings
Park
Elm Street
Pier
Van Zandt
Pier
Baileys
Brook
Second
Beach
Third
Beach
12-Jan-17 10 10 91 1,300 20 10 10 20 223
19-Jan-17 10 10 10 228 10 10 10 10 18
27-Jan-17 10 31 30 216 20 10 10 10 41
2-Feb-17 10 10 10 75 10 70 10 31 10 10
16-Feb-17 10 61 20 97 10 112 10 10 10 36
23-Feb-17 10 51 280 512 10 70 10 20 4
2-Mar-17 10 10 10 2,910 10 10 10 10 10 5
9-Mar-17 10 10 10 327 10 20 10 10 10 17
16-Mar-17 41 92 52 496 10 10 10 31 10 122
23-Mar-17 10 10 10 20 10 10 10 10 9
30-Mar-17 10 41 10 52 10 50 20 10 10 5
6-Apr-17 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 17
13-Apr-17 10 10 104 10 10 10 10 10 10 5
20-Apr-17 10 10 10 14,100 10 20 10 10 10 11
27-Apr-17 10 10 10 213 10 10 63 10 10 457
4-May-17 10 10 10 187 10 41 10 10 10 308
11-May-17 10 10 10 203 10 10 10 54
18-May-17 10 10 10 10 10 121 10 10 71
25-May-17 20 10 10 148 10 10 10 70
1-Jun-17 10 30 20 63 10 10 10 10 1,550
8-Jun-17 10 10 10 114 10 10 10 10 10 291
15-Jun-17 10 10 61 705 10 10 10 10 10 250
22-Jun-17 20 20 253 12,000 41 84 759 41 10 1,550
29-Jun-17 10 10 81 9,210 10 20 10 10 10 464
6-Jul-17 10 10 629 10 30 10 10 10 727
13-Jul-17 10 10 20 5,790 10 61 30 10 10 770
20-Jul-17 10 10 61 250 10 30 10 30 10 488
27-Jul-17 10 10 92 10 162 10 20 20 326
3-Aug-17 10 10 97 10 50 10 10 10 238
10-Aug-17 10 10 164 131 10 111 10 10 20 97
17-Aug-17 20 20 30 3,440 31 189 10 10 20 175
24-Aug-17 10 10 10 41 10 10 248 30 10 133
31-Aug-17 10 10 20 262 10 254 10 10 10 906
7-Sep-17 20 20 10 888 10 84 10 121 52 2,420
14-Sep-17 10 10 75 73 10 10 10 10 10 31
28-Sep-17 10 10 10 201 20 10 10 10 55
12-Oct-17 10 10 285 10 30 10 10 52 20 31
19-Oct-17 20 10 10 173 10 10 10 10 10 261 10 10
26-Oct-17 20 62 74 11,200 52 30 41 10 1,300 10 161
2-Nov-17 10 10 114 246 10 20 10 10 10 65 10 10
9-Nov-17 10 10 10 594 10 10 10 10 10 77 10 168
16-Nov-17 10 10 41 128 10 20 10 10 10 17 20 10
21-Nov-17 10 10 10 2,720 10 10 10 10 10 40 10 10
30-Nov-17 333 10 51 839 10 10 10 10 10 2 10 20
7-Dec-17 10 10 10 231 10 10 10 10 10 162 10 110
14-Dec-17 20 101 10 74 10 10 10 10 10 64 10 10
21-Dec-17 10 20 10 84 10 10 10 110 10 91 10 10
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