Classification of
shares
Introduction of shares
The capital of the company usually divided into a number of indivisible unit of specified amt. Each of such unit is called share.
Definition of share
Acc. to sec 82 of company act “a share of any member in a company is movable property transferable in the manner provided by the article of the company.
Types of shares
Preference shares Equity or ordinary shares Deferred shares
1. Type of preference shares
Cumulative pref. shares Non-cumulative pref. shares Participating pref. shares Non-participating pref. shares Convertible pref. shares Non-Convertible pref. shares
cont…..
Redeemable pref. shares Irredeemable pref. shares Guaranteed pref. shares
2. Equity shares
3. Deferred shares
Difference b/w equity and pref. shares
Right of dividend Return on capital Rate of dividend Certainty of dividend Redemption Voting rights Risk Necessity Type
Issue of shares
1. Issue of shares at par 2. Issue of shares at premium 3. Issue of shares at discount
Conditions to issue shares at discount
Restriction of first issue Time issue Rate of discount Ordinary resolution in general
meeting Sanction by CLB Duration of issue Penalty
Other forms of shares
Sweat equity shares (sec 79A) Bonus shares Right shares
Diff. b/w Bonus shares and Right shares
Meaning Purpose Cost Provision Authority Necessity
Stock
Stock is the aggregate of fully paid-up shares of a member merged into one fund of equal value. It is a set of shares.
Characteristics of stock
Cannot be issued originally Only fully paid-up shares Provision in article Reconverted into shares
Underwriting agreement
It is a device used by companies for making sure that the necessary cap. will come even if the proposed issue gets a poor response of the public.
Underwriting commission Advantages
Share capital
Share capital means the capital raised by a company by the issue of shares.
Forms of capital
Authorized or registered cap. Issued cap. Subscribed cap. Called-up cap. Uncalled cap. Paid-up cap. Reserve cap. Fixed cap.
cont….
Floating cap. Working cap.
Alteration procedure of share capital
Authorised by articles Resolution in general meeting Notice to registrar Changes by registrar Penalty Effect of conversion of shares into
stock Information of increase of share
capital
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