C&I 212Dr. Brown
State Board of Education
The legal governing body that exercises general control and supervision of the schools in a state.
Responsibilities: Supervise teaching licenses Establish length of school
year Standards & Accreditation Gather data (test scores,
enrollments, demographics) Curriculum and Textbooks
School Districts
Administrative unit within a state that is defined by a geographical boundary and is legally responsible for the public education of children within those boundaries
Data: 15,000 school districts 48% less than 1,000
students In 1930 – 130,000 school
districts
School Board
Group of elected lay citizens responsible for setting policies that determine how a school district operates
Functions Finance Infrastructure Personnel Curriculum Students
Data 96% Elected, 80% White, 61%
Male Problems: Voter turnout, at-large
Superintendent
District’s head administrative officer
Data Hired by school board Often leads/sets direction for
the school board Increasingly from outside of
education (NYC, LA, Chicago) 13% Women, 5% Non-white Average Tenure – 6 years Average Salary - $122,000 Runs the district office
Principal
Individual given the ultimate administrative responsibility for a school’s operation.
Flat Grant: (Iowa, example) Fixed dollar amount per student in the state Local communities can raise additional funds
Full State Funding: (only Hawaii) State pays 100% of education costs Uniform property tax
Foundation Support: (Illinois and most states) A foundation level is determined Local property taxes are used first State funding is used to reach the foundation level
(Center for Tax and Budget Accountability, 2006)
“The state shall provide for an efficient system of high quality public educational institutions and services…The state has the primary responsibility for financing the system of public education” (Sec 1, Article 10, Illinois Constitution)
In 2008F
unding ranged between $5,500 and $22,000 per studentS
tate Average $10,470
The 2010 foundational level: $6,119 per pupil Foundation amount is arbitrary; not the actual cost of education
Funding Formulas: Foundation Formula: Local resources are less than 93% of
foundation level (80% of districts) Foundational level – Local resources = State Aid If a district raises $4000 per student they would receive $2119 per
student from the state. Alternative Formula: Local resources are between 93% and 175%
of the foundation level (15% of districts) Provides between 5% to 7% of the foundational level per student
(roughly between $306-$428) Flat Grant: Local resources are over 175% of foundational level (5%
of districts) These districts receive $218 per student in State Aid
State Poverty Grant Funding based on the number of students living in
poverty Based on a formula (2007: Poverty grant was between
$300-$3000 per low income student )S
tate Mandated Services Schools are reimbursed for services that are required by
law These include: free/reduce lunch, special education,
transportation, summer school
Findings and Questions related to the article?
Illinois Funding Examples: Adlai Stevenson High School:
http://iirc.niu.edu/School.aspx?schoolID=340491250130001
Simeon Career Academy: http://iirc.niu.edu/School.aspx?schoolid=150162990250537
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