Church, State and Lay Piety
Florence and Venice in the Renaissance HI320
Canaletto, San Pietro di Castello (C18th)
Titian, Doge Antonio Grimani presents
himself to the Faith (Palazzo Ducale, 1575-
6)
Palma il Giovane, Doge Francesco Venier beseeching the
Virgin Mary (Palazzo Ducale, 1595)
Medici Palace Chapel,
Florence, with frescoes by Benozzo
Gozzoli (1459-61)
“in the Italian Republics of the Renaissance
religion ceased to be, as it had been in the
Middle Ages, the preserve of specialists”
(J.J. Martin)
Continuities and Changes
Church and State
• “The church becomes increasingly more like a state, and the state becomes more and more involved in the religious sphere” (R. Bizzocchi)
• Venetian Popes Gregory XII (r. 1406-15), Eugenius IV (r.1431-47)
• nipoti - nepotism
Pinturicchio, Eugenius IV (Siena, 1502-7)
Florence
• Medici Popes Leo X and Clement VII
• War of the Eight Saints (1375-8)
• Interdicts 1376, 1478, 1511
Raphael, Leo X with Giulio de’ Medici (1518-19)
Archbishop of Florence
Antonino Pierozzi (Saint Antoninus),
1389-1459
Lorenzo Lotto, St. Antoninus, 1542
Venice• 1451 Patriarch of Grado
moved to Venice
• Tre savi contra l’eresia
• 1509 Interdict from Julius II
• Giovani resist papal influence
• 1606-7 InterdictGentile Bellini, Patriarch Lorenzo
Giustiniani (1459)
The Parish
Confraternities
• laudesi
• sacre rappresentazioni
SaSanta nta MaMaria ria NoNovelvellala
Santa Maria
Novella (Dominican
)
Santa Croce (Franciscan)
Santa Maria dei Frari (Franciscan)
San Giovanni e Paolo (Dominican)
Preachers
• Saint Bernardino of Siena (1380-44), Saint Antoninus (1389-1459), Savonarola (1452-98)
• Bernardino Ochino (1487-1564)
Religion in everyday life
• ‘The Merchant of Prato’ Francesco Datini: ‘in the name of God and profit’
•“Vengeance must fall on thee, thou filthy whore / Of Babylon, thou breaker of Christ’s fold” (Petrarch, Sonnets)
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