! Based on Center for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC) Growth Charts in 2000, Childhood overweight is
recognized by having a “BMI at or above the 85th
percentile and lower than the 95th percentile”
! Obesity identified as a “BMI at or above the 95th
percentile for children of the same age and sex”.
• (BMI)/ uses height and weight to estimate how much body fat you have
• In children and teens, body mass index is used to assess underweight, overweight, normal, and risk for overweight
• BMI at or above the 95th percentile /Obese
! Calories that kids ages 1 to 3 need in a day- 1,000
! Calories that American kids get at this age- 1,250
! Calories that kids ages 4 to 6 need in a day- 1,250
! Calories that American kids get at this age- 1,800
SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, NHES and NHANES.
Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NCHS, CDC.
! Increase in American children obesity since 1980. " Doubled percentage of obese children aged 6-11 years " Tripled percentage of obese teenagers aged 12-19
years
! Annual sales of foods and beverages to young consumers exceed $27 billion in 2002
! More than $1 billion is spent on media advertising to children (primarily on television)
! $3 billion is spent on packaging designed for children.
! Fast food outlets spend $3 billion in television ads targeting children
• Genetics • race/ethnicity • Poor eating
• unhealthy eating patterns • excess energy intake
• Lack of physical activity Watching TV, Playing video games,
sitting in front of the computer
• media and marketing
! Childhood obesity is associated with both
immediate and long-term serious health
consequences such as: " Type II diabetes " Early indicators of atherosclerosis " Osteoporosis " Stroke " Heat attacks
! From 1979–1981 and 1997–1999, annual hospital costs related to obesity among children and adolescents increased
! from $35 million to $127 million.
! Less than 40% of American children and adolescents, meet the U.S. dietary guidelines for saturated fat.
! In 2007, only 21.4% of high school students consumed fruits and vegetables five or more times daily during the past 7 days.
! 39% of U.S children ages 2-17 meet the USDA’s dietary recommendation for fiber
!
! According to a recent study, 61% of obese 5-10 years
old children , had risk factors for heart disease, and
26% had two or more risk factors for the disease.
! Also at greater risk for bone and joint problems, sleep
apnea, and social and psychological problems.
! Diabetes, "silent killer”, is the sixth leading cause
of death in the U. S.
! Influence health ! Culture ! Parental education ! Income level ! Limited access of health care ! Schools ! Neighborhoods
! Children at risk of becoming obese come from low-income.
! Low-income families lack the resources and services to make healthier food choices.
! Today, life expectancy in the U.S. is 77.6 years. ! In the U.S. over 25 million children are
overweight. ! People will have shorter lives because of being
overweight at such a young age. ! Obesity reduces life expectancy by four to nine
months.
! Decrease in life span two to five years. ! Children who become obese as adults increase the
chances of: # Heart attacks # Stroke # Kidney failure # Increased morality # Type two diabetes
! Education of children and engaging all groups
" Parents
" Schools
" Communities
" Healthcare
" Government
! Encourage healthy eating ! Parents are role models
! Engaging active lifestyles ! Help children find an activity that is enjoyable
! Reduce television and playing computer games ! Encourage more activities
! Tennis table ! Soccer table
! Improve the nutritional quality of foods and beverages served and sold in schools
! Increase opportunities for frequent physical activity ! Implement pilot programs for both staffing and teaching about
wellness, healthful eating, and physical activity
! Provide opportunities for healthy eating and physical activity particularly for high-risk populations ! After school program ! Boys and girls club
! Cooking classes ! Dance classes
• Early screening and intervention ! Recommend appropriate counseling and assist
children and their families ! Emphasis should be on positive family eating
behaviors, meal structure, and appropriate portion size.
! Develop nutrition standards for foods and beverages sold in schools
! Enhance the budget for school meal programs and physical activity
! Arrange advertisements for children and teens on healthy eating.
! Expand funding for intervention and nutrition education.
! Promote healthy food choices and portion sizes
! Nutrition education ! Encourage kids to increase daily physical
activity ! Encourage kids to get their families,
schools, and communities involved ! Writing to legations
! Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Childhood Overweight and Obesity. Retrieved on April 28, 2009, from http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/childhood/index.htm
! Finkelstein, E. A., Fiebelkorn, I. C., & Wang, G., (2003). National medical spending attributable to overweight and obesity: How much, and who’s paying? Health Affairs, Supplement web Exclusives: W3-219-226.
! Medical College of Washington, Health Link. (2003). Childhood Obesity Causes Diabetes and Other Health Problems. Retrieved on April 28, 2009, from http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/941223597.html
! Public Health Agency of Canada, Chronic Diseases, Diabetes (2007). Retrieved April 25, 2009 from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ccdpc-cpcmc/diabetes-abete/english/risk/index.html
! United States Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service. (2000). Promoting Healthy Eating Behaviors: The Challenge. Retrieved on April 28, 2009, from http://www.fns.usda.gov/tn/Healthy/healthyeatingchallenge.html
! Washington University in St. Louise. School of Medicine (2005). Obesity, Type 2 diabetes rates growing rapidly among children. Retrieved on April 28, 2009, from http://mednews.wustl.edu/news/page/normal/4881.html
! http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/publications/AAG/pdf/obesity.pdf (2009)
Top Related