CHAPTER 7
Section 1: Founding the Roman Republic
Section 2: Rome Expands Its Borders
Section 3: The Birth of the Roman Empire
Section 4: Roman Society and Culture
Section 5: The Rise of Christianity
Section 6: The Fall of the Western Empire
The Roman World
SECTION 1
Question:What are some characteristics of Roman patricians and plebeians?
Founding the Roman Republic
SECTION 1
Founding the Roman Republic
controlled government
inherited power
landowners nobles
farmers / workers
barred from office
majority barred from office
Patricians Plebeians
SECTION 2
Question:What were the causes and outcomes of the Punic Wars?
Rome Expands Its Borders
SECTION 2
Rome Expands Its Borders
Punic Wars
First Punic War
Second Punic War
Carthage was afraid Rome would take Sicily; Rome was afraid Carthage would close the Adriatic Sea and the Strait of Messina.
Hannibal invaded Italy.
Third Punic War
Some Romans passionately hated Carthage; Rome declared war.
Causes Results
Carthage asked for peace; had to pay indemnity and give up control of Sicily.
Carthage asked for peace; paid an indemnity and lost the Spanish colonies.
Carthage was destroyed.
Israel and the Occupied Territories
SECTION 3
Question:How did political events weaken the Roman Empire?
The Birth of the Roman Empire
SECTION 3
The Birth of the Roman Empire
Gracchus brothers introduce reforms
angry senators kill both Gracchus brothers
violence = primary tool of Roman politics
leaders recruit personal armies
Sulla marches on Rome; civil war
Sulla establishes dictatorship
SECTION 4
Roman Society and Culture
Question:What are some reasons why the Romans had a strong empire?
SECTION 4
Roman Society and Culture
Roman Army
Government and Law
Trade and Transportation
Strong Empire
stationed along frontiers
soldiers made citizenskept peace
encouraged widespread trade
farm goods and luxury goods
roads and bridges
revised Twelve Tables
provincial official
strong emperor
enforced law
kept order
SECTION 5
The Rise of Christianity
Question:What are the major events in the development of Christianity?
SECTION 5
The Rise of Christianity
Jesus
personally taught in Judaeagained followerscrucifiedbelieved risen from dead
Spread of Christianity
disciples deliver messagespreads slowly through empireoutlawed by RomansChristians persecuted
Acceptance and
Organization
accepted by Romans, Constantinemade official religionpriests, bishops, patriarchs, popechurch councils set down beliefs
SECTION 6
Question:What were the causes of the fall of the Roman Empire in the West?
The Fall of the Western Empire
SECTION 6
The Fall of the Western Empire
• too many poor
• loss of patriotism, interest in government, and political honesty
Decline of the Roman Empire
• inadequate government for size of empire
• competition for power
• army interference made government unstable
• expense of defending and maintaining empire
• heavy taxes
• loss of income
Political/Military Economic Social
• dependence on German troops
• decline of manufacturing and agriculture
Chapter Wrap-Up
1. What two major factors helped Rome unify its empire and maintain peace?
2. What ideas and inventions did the Romans borrow and adapt from the Greeks?
3. How did Rome’s relationship with the people it conquered change over time?
1. What two major factors helped Rome unify its empire and maintain peace?
2. What ideas and inventions did the Romans borrow and adapt from the Greeks?
3. How did Rome’s relationship with the people it conquered change over time?
CHAPTER 7
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