The BasicsThe Basics
• Nucleus: where most genetic material is stored, contains chromosomes
• Chromosomes: 46 (23 pairs), carry genes
• Genes: Segments on chromosomes, instruct cells how to make proteins
• DNA: basic molecules of genes
• See diagram: p. 60
ZygotesZygotes
• Zygote: single cell resulting from fertilization
• Monozygotic (identical) twins: originate from the same zygote, same DNA
• Dizygotic (fraternal) twins: originate from separate zygotes as a result of two ova available for fertilization, share about 50% of DNA (like any sibling)
Types of GenesTypes of Genes
• Structural Genes: code for proteins that help determine traits
• Regulatory Sequences: the “genetic switches” that influence when/where genes are expressed
Stephen Jay Gould VideoStephen Jay Gould Video
• What was Gould’s“great tragedy”?
• Questions?
Michael Hoerger
To cite this textbook:
• Berger, K. (2005). The developing person through the lifespan. New York: Worth.
To cite this lecture:
• Hoerger, M. (2007, January 17). Developmental Psychology: Genetics. Presented at a PSY 220 lecture at Central Michigan University.
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