Chapter 29
Taking on Segregation
Thurgood Marshall
NAACP29 out of 32 Cases in Supreme CourtBrown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Ended legalized
segregation in the entire
United States
Brown v Board of Education, 1954
Rosa Parks
Decided to fight segregationSat on the first row of seats on a busWhen asked to move refusedArrested
Bus Boycott
Organized by a little known pastor of local church who really did not want to do it.Refusal to ride busesMarched every where Rode in cars and organized rides for allSupreme court finally rued that bus segregation was illegal
The Little known Pastor was Martin Luther King Jr.
SCLC
Southern Christian Leadership ConferenceNon-violent protest against segregation
SNCC
Students Nonviolent coordinating committeesPicture is Atlanta Division
Freedom Riders
The March on Washington(I have a dream Speech)
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Established Federal Commission of Civil RightsEstablished a Civil Right division in the Justice Department to enforce Civil Rights LawsEnlarged Federal power to protect voting rights
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Banned most discrimination in employment and in public accommodationsEnlarged federal power to protect voting rights and speed up school desegregationEstablished the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to ensure fair treatment in employment
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Eliminated voter literacy testsEnable federal examiners to register voters
Civil Rights Act of 1968
Prohibited discrimination in the sale and rental of most housingStrengthened anti lynching lawsMade it a crime to harm civil rights workers
Types of Segregation sought
De facto segregation• Segregation that exists by practice and custom
De jure segregation• Segregation by law
One of the worst violent outbreaks in the history of the US
Watts, California
New Leaders begin to emerge
Stokely Carmichael
Black PowerBlack Panthers
April 4, 1968
James Earl Ray
Affirmative Action
Efforts to consciously hire or employ people who have been discriminated against
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