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Base Station Subsystem
BSS B10-B11 Telecom Evolutions
STUDENT GUIDE
TMO18090 Issue 1.0
All rights reserved Alcatel-Lucent @@YEARPassing on and copying of this document, use and communication of its
contents not permitted without written authorization from Alcatel-Lucent
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BSS B10-B11 Telecom EvolutionsBase Station Subsystem
3
Terms of Use and Legal Notices
Switch to notes view!1. Safety WarningBoth lethal and dangerous voltages may be present within the products used herein. The user is strongly advised not to
wear conductive jewelry while working on the products. Always observe all safety precautions and do not work on the
equipment alone.
The equipment used during this course may be electrostatic sensitive. Please observe correct anti-static precautions.
2. Trade Marks
Alcatel-Lucent and MainStreet are trademarks of Alcatel-Lucent.
All other trademarks, service marks and logos (Marks) are the property of their respective holders, including Alcatel-
Lucent. Users are not permitted to use these Marks without the prior consent of Alcatel-Lucent or such third party owning
the Mark. The absence of a Mark identifier is not a representation that a particular product or service name is not a Mark.
Alcatel-Lucent assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of the information presented herein, which may be subject to
change without notice.
3. Copyright
This document contains information that is proprietary to Alcatel-Lucent and may be used for training purposes only. No
other use or transmission of all or any part of this document is permitted without Alcatel-Lucents written permission, andmust include all copyright and other proprietary notices. No other use or transmission of all or any part of its contents may
be used, copied, disclosed or conveyed to any party in any manner whatsoever without prior written permission from
Alcatel-Lucent.
Use or transmission of all or any part of this document in violation of any applicable legislation is hereby expressly
prohibited.
User obtains no rights in the information or in any product, process, technology or trademark which it includes or
describes, and is expressly prohibited from modifying the information or creating derivative works without the express
written consent of Alcatel-Lucent.
All rights reserved Alcatel-Lucent @@YEAR
4. Disclaimer
In no event will Alcatel-Lucent be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, including
lost profits, lost business or lost data, resulting from the use of or reliance upon the information, whether or not Alcatel-
Lucent has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
Mention of non-Alcatel-Lucent products or services is for information purposes only and constitutes neither an
endorsement, nor a recommendation.
This course is intended to train the student about the overall look, feel, and use of Alcatel-Lucent products. The
information contained herein is representational only. In the interest of file size, simplicity, and compatibility and, in some
cases, due to contractual limitations, certain compromises have been made and therefore some features are not entirely
accurate.
Please refer to technical practices supplied by Alcatel-Lucent for current information concerning Alcatel-Lucent equipment
and its operation, or contact your nearest Alcatel-Lucent representative for more information.
The Alcatel-Lucent products described or used herein are presented for demonstration and training purposes only. Alcatel-Lucent disclaims any warranties in connection with the products as used and described in the courses or the related
documentation, whether express, implied, or statutory. Alcatel-Lucent specifically disclaims all implied warranties,
including warranties of merchantability, non-infringement and fitness for a particular purpose, or arising from a course of
dealing, usage or trade practice.
Alcatel-Lucent is not responsible for any failures caused by: server errors, misdirected or redirected transmissions, failed
internet connections, interruptions, any computer virus or any other technical defect, whether human or technical in
nature
5. Governing Law
The products, documentation and information contained herein, as well as these Terms of Use and Legal Notices are
governed by the laws of France, excluding its conflict of law rules. If any provision of these Terms of Use and Legal
Notices, or the application thereof to any person or circumstances, is held invalid for any reason, unenforceable including,
but not limited to, the warranty disclaimers and liability limitations, then such provision shall be deemed superseded by a
valid, enforceable provision that matches, as closely as possible, the original provision, and the other provisions of these
Terms of Use and Legal Notices shall remain in full force and effect.
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Course Outline
About This CourseCourse outline
Technical support
Course objectives
1. Topic/Section is Positioned HereXxx
Xxx
Xxx
2. Topic/Section is Positioned Here
3. Topic/Section is Positioned Here
4. Topic/Section is Positioned Here
5. Topic/Section is Positioned Here
6. Topic/Section is Positioned Here
7. Topic/Section is Positioned Here
1. BSS B10-B11 Telecom Evolutions
1. Support of Paging Coordination
2. Repeated ACCH
3. NACC for Inter BSS and Inter RAT
4. Tandem Free Operation with AMR-NB
5. Support of A5.3 Ciphering
6. Synchronized Radio Network
7. TRX Dynamic Power Saving
8. Abbreviations
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Course Outline [cont.]
Switch to notes view!
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Course Objectives
Switch to notes view!
Welcome to BSS B10-B11 Telecom Evolutions
Upon completion of this course, you should be able to:
By the end of the course, participants will be able to describe the new telecom B11
features and their telecom impacts.
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Course Objectives [cont.]
Switch to notes view!
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About this Student Guide
Switch to notes view!Conventions used in this guide
Where you can get further information
If you want further information you can refer to the following:
Technical Practices for the specific product
Technical support page on the Alcatel website: http://www.alcatel-lucent.com
Note
Provides you with additional information about the topic being discussed.Although this information is not required knowledge, you might find it useful
or interesting.
Technical Reference(1) 24.348.98 Points you to the exact section of Alcatel-Lucent Technical
Practices where you can find more information on the topic being discussed.
WarningAlerts you to instances where non-compliance could result in equipment
damage or personal injury.
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About this Student Guide [cont.]
Switch to notes view!
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11
Self-assessment of Objectives
At the end of each section you will be asked to fill this questionnaire
Please, return this sheet to the trainer at the end of the training
Switch to notes view!
Instructional objectivesYes (orglobally
yes)
No (orglobally
no)Comments
1 To be able to XXX
2
Contract number :
Course title :
Client (Company, Center) :
Language : Dates from : to :Number of trainees : Location :
Surname, First name :
Did you meet the following objectives ?
Tick the corresponding box
Please, return this sheet to the trainer at the end of the training
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12
Self-assessment of Objectives [cont.]
Switch to notes view!
Instructional objectivesYes (orGlobally
yes)
No (orglobally
no)Comments
Thank you for your answers to this questionnaire
Other comments
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Section 1 Module 1 Page 1
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Do not delete this graphic elements in here:
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Module 1Support of Paging Coordination
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Section 1BSS B10-B11 Telecom Evolutions
Base Station SubsystemBSS B10-B11 Telecom Evolutions
TMO18090 Issue 1.0
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First editionEljaafari, Mohamed2009-03-3001
RemarksAuthorDateEdition
Document History
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Module Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
Describe the purpose of the "Support of Paging Coordination in the BSS"
feature and its Telecom and O&M impacts
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Module Objectives [cont.]
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Table of Contents
Switch to notes view! Page
1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature? 71.1 Paging Coordination Principle in B10 81.2 Paging Coordination Principle in B11 11
2 How Does It Work? 122.1 Overall Description 13
3 What Are the Telecom Impacts? 173.1 CS Paging Requests Processing 18
4 What Are the O&M Impacts? 204.1 Feature Activation 214.2 Performance Management 22
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Table of Contents [cont.]
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.1 Paging Coordination Principle in B10
Do you remember the CS paging coordination in B10?Select t he corr ect st at ement s.
In NMO-II or NMO-III, the MS cannot receive CS paging while in PacketTransfer Mode
The Gs interface is a pre-requisite to fully support the DTM feature
If the network operates in NMO-I, there is no Gs interface between the MSCand the SGSN
In case of NMO-I, the paging coordination is done by the core network(between the MSC and the SGSN)
Paging coordination is an Alcatel-Lucent specific feature
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.1 Paging Coordination Principle in B10 [cont.]
Without paging coordination, CS Paging messages are always broadcastthrough the CCCH/PCH channel, even if the MS is in PTM mode.
MFS SGSNPDCHs
CSpaging
CSpaging
PCH
PACCH
CSpaging
Serving cell
BSC MSC
WithoutGs interface
IN B10 We have 3
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.1 Paging Coordination Principle in B10 [cont.]
With paging coordination in the SGSN, CS paging messages for GPRS-attached MS are conveyed from the MSC to the SGSN through the Gsinterface. It corresponds to the Network Mode of Operation I (NMO-I).
Serving cell
MFS SGSN
BSC MSC
Gs
TCHDedicated
mode
PACCH
CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
CS
paging
Paging coordinationin the SGSN usingthe Gs interface
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.2 Paging Coordination Principle in B11
The support of paging coordination improves CS paging performance, asit allows to send CS paging messages through the PACCH.
In B11, this procedure can be fully performed in the BSS.
Serving cell
MFS
BSC MSC
WithoutGs interface
SGSN
PCH
GSL
Dedicatedmode
PACCH
CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
Paging coordinationin the BSSTCH
There are two ways to support paging coordination:
Prior to B11, paging coordination is performed in the SGSN. In such a case, CS paging messages for GPRS-attached MS are conveyed from the MSC to the SGSN through the Gs interface, which allows the SGSN to
perform the paging coordination. This corresponds to the Network Mode of Operation I.
In B11, paging coordination is performed in the BSS. If no Gs interface is available then CS pagingcoordination has to be fully performed in the BSS.
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2 How Does It Work?
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2 How Does It Work?
2.1 Overall Description
With CS paging coordination in the BSS, the BSC has to forward to theMFS CS Paging requests received from the MSC.
Knowing that the BSC is aware of neither the MS location nor the MS
mode (PTM or not), and the fact that we have to be very careful withthe GSL load, can you guess which kind of information shall be sent tothe MFS?
Select t he corr ect answer.
Indication about the Paging Area
The cell the MS camps on
List of all cells managed by the BSC
MS Location Area
MS IMSI
PTM/non-PTM mode
Nothing
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2 How Does It Work?
2.1 Overall Description [cont.]
The BSC forwards to the MFS CS Paging requests received from the MSC in orderto allow the MFS to send the paging requests on the PACCH channel.
The BSC also broadcasts all CS paging requests to the MS through the PCHchannel.
Serving cell
MFS
BSC MSC
GSL
SGSN
WithoutGs interface
PCH CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
Paging coordination in the BSS
MS in PIMMFS discards the Paging Request
IMSI
CS paging coordination in the BSS is performed in 3 steps:
1. CS paging requests are received from the MSC.
2. The BSC forwards CS paging requests to the MFS via the GSL (using BSCGP) after filtering. In any case the
BSC also broadcasts all CS paging requests to the MS through the PCH channel (for all cells corresponding tothe Paging Area and managed by the BSC).
3. On receipt of the CS paging requests sent by the BSC and when applicable (i.e. for MS in PTM mode), the
MFS sends these CS paging requests to the MS through the PACCH channel (for the cell the MS camps on).
Management of the IMSI by the MFS
When CS paging coordination is performed in the BSS, no Paging Area is provided within CS Paging Requestsforwarded by the BSC but only the IMSI. Therefore the MFS has to build and maintain a set of IMSI vs MSContext relationships for all MS in PTM mode.
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2 How Does It Work?
2.1 Overall Description [cont.]
The BSC forwards to the MFS CS Paging requests received from the MSC in orderto allow the MFS to send the paging requests on the PACCH channel.
The BSC also broadcasts all CS paging requests to the MS through the PCHchannel.
Serving cell
MFS
BSC MSC
WithoutGs interface
SGSN
PCHGSL
Dedicatedmode
PACCH
CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
CSpaging
MS in PTM modewill be paged faster on the PACCH
than on the PCH
TCH Paging coordinationin the BSS
CS paging coordination in the BSS is performed in 3 steps:
1. CS paging requests are received from the MSC.
2. The BSC forwards CS paging requests to the MFS via the GSL (using BSCGP) after filtering. In any case the
BSC also broadcasts all CS paging requests to the MS through the PCH channel (for all cells corresponding tothe Paging Area and managed by the BSC).
3. On receipt of the CS paging requests sent by the BSC and when applicable (i.e. for MS in PTM mode), the
MFS sends these CS paging requests to the MS through the PACCH channel (for the cell the MS camps on).
Management of the IMSI by the MFS
When CS paging coordination is performed in the BSS, no Paging Area is provided within CS Paging Requestsforwarded by the BSC but only the IMSI. Therefore the MFS has to build and maintain a set of IMSI vs MSContext relationships for all MS in PTM mode.
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2 How Does It Work?
2.1 Overall Description [cont.]
Are the following statements about the CS Paging coodination in theBSS true or false?Match t he corr ect answers.
The feature cannot be useful independently from the DTM feature
Paging Coordination functions were defined first in Release 1999,as part of the DTM feature
CS paging requests for non-GPRS attached MS or MS not inPTM mode are also conveyed on the GSL
The MFS is responsible for checking if the MS is in PTM modeand if so, to find the cell the MS camps on which is clearly
something new for the MFS
The two ways to perform Paging Coordination (in BSS / inSGSN) can be handled simultaneously for a given BSS
True
False
he need to know IMSI
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3 What Are the Telecom Impacts?
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3 What Are the Telecom Impacts?
3.1 CS Paging Requests Processing
T_SEND_MULTIPLE_PAGING_COMMAND
NB_MAX_MULTIPLE_PAGING_COMMAND PAGING
commands buffered(or T_SEND_MULTIPLE_PAGING_COMMAND timer elapses)
For each IMSI check the availability of the MS ContextIF PTM mode IMSI found
BTS BSC MFS MSC
Start T3113 for MS1
Start T3113 for MS5
Multiple pagingcommand scenario
1
2
34
5
MULTIPLE PAGINGCOMMAND (MSn, pgrk)
PAGING (MS5)
PAGINGCOORDINATION_REQUEST(IMSI1,IMSI2, )
PACKET PAGINGREQUEST (IMSI) on
PACCH
PAGING (MS1)
A new message PAGING_COORDINATION_REQis introduced in theBSCGP to forward CS paging to the MFS.Fi l l i n the blank boxes on the lef t wi t h the appropr i at e number t o re-bui ld t he
scenar i o in the r ight order.
PAGING_COORDINATION_REQ:
A new message is introduced in the BSCGP to forward CS paging to the MFS. The same new message is usedfor both Pagi ng commandand Mult ipl e Paging commandscenarios.
3
2
4
5
1
PCHGSL
PACCH
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3 What Are the Telecom Impacts?
3.1 CS Paging Requests Processing [cont.]
The MFS has to maintain a set of "IMSI vs MS Context" relationships:
For an MS which leaves the PTM mode, the corresponding "IMSI vs MSContext" relationship has to be removed from the set.
For an MS which enters the PTM mode, its IMSI has to be retrieved.
In your opinion, how must the IMSI be retrieved?Select t he corr ect answers.
For a DL TBF, pick the IMSI from a DL LLC PDU
The IMSI is retrieved only during GPRS Attach
For a UL TBF, perform an RA Capacity Update procedure
For a UL TBF, perform the two-phase access procedure
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4 What Are the O&M Impacts?
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4 What Are the O&M Impacts?
4.1 Feature Activation
New Parameter
The "Support of Paging Coordination in the BSS" feature is optional. Itshall be activated at BSS level, via the OMC-R:
BSS_PAGING_COORDINATION
BSS_PAGING_COORDINATION:
Enables CS Paging Coordination to be managed in the BSS for MS in Packet Transfer Mode.
The default value is "Disabled".
Recommended rules:
If BSS_PAGING_COORDINATION (BSC)/(MFS) is set to "Enabled", it is highly recommended to setEN_RA_CAP_UPDATE to "Enabled" for all cells of the corresponding BSS.
If DTM is Enabled for at least one cell within a given BSS, it is highly recommended to activate CS PagingCoordination for this BSS, either through the Gs Interface (network_operation_mode = "NMO I") or by setting
BSS_PAGING_COORDINATION (BSC)/(MFS) to "Enabled" (network_operation_mode "NMO I").
Note
The activation of DTM is NOT a prerequisite to activate the "Support of paging coordination in the BSS"feature. This feature can be used to simply improve CS paging performance for MS in PTM mode without
having mandatorily DTM in mind.
As Network_Operation_Mode is defined on a per BSS basis, the two ways to perform Paging Coordination
cannot be handled simultaneously for a given BSS. On the other hand, nothing prevents to use both atNetwork level.
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4 What Are the O&M Impacts?
4.2 Performance Management
PM Counters
No new PM counters are needed, as the extra GSL load brought by thefeature can be monitored using 2 PM counters:
NB_PAGING_COMMANDS_RECEIVED_ABIS NB_PS_PAGING_REQ_GPU
NB_PAGING_COMMANDS_RECEIVED_ABIS (MC925g):
This counter accumulated by the BTS and reported by the BSC counts on a per cell basis the CS + PSPAGING commands sent on Abis and broadcast on PCH (in case of Multiple Paging, all embedded commandsare counted).
NB_PS_PAGING_REQ_GPU (P391a):
This counter is managed by the MFS and counts on a per GPU basis the PS Paging Requests received through
the Gb interface.
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Module Summary
If no Gs interface is available then CS paging coordination has to befully performed in the BSS.
With paging coordination in the BSS, the BSC sends all receivedpaging requests from the MSC both to the PCH and to the MFS.
Paging coordination is mandatory to fully support the DTM feature.
This new feature can be useful independently from the DTM.
The two ways to perform paging coordination cannot be handled
simultaneously for a given BSS.
The feature activation is configured from the OMC-R via theBSS_PAGING_COORDINATION parameter.
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Self-assessment on the Objectives
Please be reminded to fill in the formSelf-Assessment on the Objectivesfor this module
The form can be found in the first partof this course documentation
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End of ModuleSupport of Paging Coordination
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Module 2Repeated ACCH
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Base Station SubsystemBSS B10-B11 Telecom Evolutions
TMO18090 Issue 1.0
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Blank Page
This page is left blank intentionally
First editionEljaafari, Mohamed2009-03-3001
RemarksAuthorDateEdition
Document History
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Module Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
Describe the purpose of the "Repeated DL FACCH and Repeated UL & DL
SACCH" features and their Telecom and O&M impacts
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Module Objectives [cont.]
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Table of Contents
Switch to notes view! Page
1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature? 71.1 FACCH and SACCH 81.2 Voice and Signaling Coverage without AMR in B10 9
1.3 Improved Voice Coverage with AMR in B10 101.4 Improved Coverage in B11 11
2 How Does It Work? 122.1 Repeated DL FACCH 132.2 Dynamic Activation of RDFACCH 152.3 Repeated DL SACCH 172.4 Repeated UL SACCH 192.5 Dynamic Activation of RSACCH 21
3 What Are the Telecom Impacts? 243.1 RUSACCH and RLS 25
4 What Are the O&M Impacts? 274.1 RDFACCH Enabling 284.2 RSACCH Enabling 29
4.3 Performance Management 30
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Table of Contents [cont.]
Switch to notes view!
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.1 FACCH and SACCH
Do you remember FACCH and SACCH?Select t he corr esponding signal ing channel.
The FACCH SACCH is associated with a TCH, and is required to support the high-speed signaling needed during
call establishment and HO management.
The occurrence of the FACCH SACCH is not fixed in the multiframe, as it is for the FACCH SACCH..Insted, the FACCH SACCH occurs on a TDMA frame that is reserved for a TCH.
An FR TCH uses one TS per TDMA frame, for each frame of the multiframe, except for the frames 12 and 25. The TDMA
frame 12 is used to carry the FACCH SACCH and the TDMA frame 25 is an idle frame.
The FACCH SACCH multiframe/block is composed of four FACCH SACCH frames/bursts; thus theFACCH SACCH period is equal to 480ms.
The FACCH SACCH is used mainly for the transmission of the radio measurement data.FACCH SACCH is also used for SMS transfer during a call.
The multiplexing of TCH and FACCH SACCH is possible by means of the frame stealing. This means that a speechframe carried over a TCH can be replaced by an FACCH SACCH frame.
The BTS sends cell-specific information (periodically SYS_INFO 5, 5bis, 5ter, 6) to the MS using FACCH SACCH.
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.2 Voice and Signaling Coverage without AMR in B10
When AMR speech codecs were introduced, the same Associated ControlChannels (ACCHs) as those used for traditional TCH/FR and TCH/EFRwere re-used. The consequence is that, in poor radio conditions, the
more protected AMR speech codecs have now better performance (interms of error rate) than the associated control channels. This resultsin an imbalance between voice and signaling.
Voice andsignaling coverage
without AMR
Z
Z Z
Call Drop
BTS
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.3 Improved Voice Coverage with AMR in B10
When AMR speech codecs were introduced, the same Associated ControlChannels (ACCHs) as those used for traditional TCH/FR and TCH/EFRwere re-used. The consequence is that, in poor radio conditions, the
more protected AMR speech codecs have now better performance (interms of error rate) than the associated control channels. This resultsin an imbalance between voice and signaling.
BTS
Call Drop
Improved voice coveragewith AMR
Z
Z Z
Signaling channelsdesigned at the
beginning of GSMless robust than
AMR codecRisk of call drop
while voice qualityis still OK
at cell border
AMR codecs are more resistant than the signaling channel (SACCH).
AMR calls can be stopped because of RLT expiry due to persistent bad SACCH quality (while AMR codec stillperforming well), in particular in FR usage.
In B10, a shorter-term solution to fix this issue was the Differentiated Radio Link Timeout for AMR callsfeature. It is desirable to use higher RLT values for AMR calls than for Legacy Codecs.
A long-term solution is to strengthen SACCH. This is introduced in B11 with the new Repeated DL FACCHand Repeated UL & DL SACCH feature.
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.4 Improved Coverage in B11
In B11, the Repeated DL FACCH and Repeated UL & DL SACCHfeatures improve the robustness of signaling.
Repeated UL & DL SACCH (RSACCH): Extended Coverage & reduction of call
drops. Repeated DL FACCH (RDFACCH): Improves handover reliability of AMR calls.
BTS
Improved coverage with RSACCH and RDFACCH
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2 How Does It Work?
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2 How Does It Work?
2.1 Repeated DL FACCH
TCHframe
Hf
rame
F
ACCHn+2,2
BTSLAPDm
Rel-6MS
Outcome ofthe decoding
process
AMRCall
TCHframe
F
ACCHn+2,1
TCHframe
TCHframe
F
ACCHn+1,2
TCHframe
F
ACCHn+1,1
TCHframe
TCHframe
TCHframe
FACCHn,2
TCHframe
FACCHn,1
TCHframe
Soft combining
Downlink
When the RDFACCH feature is activated for a given MS, each DL FACCH frameis sent twice with exactly the same contents. The MS shall, when receiving aDL FACCH block, always attempt to decode it without combining with anypreviously received FACCH block. If the current FACCH block is unsuccessfully
decoded and there was an unsuccessfully decoded FACCH block, a newdecoding using these 2 FACCH blocks shall be performed (soft combining).RDFACCH is mandatory for Rel-6 mobile stations.
Without the RDFACCH, the FACCH blocks are decoded without taking into account the history of the
previously sent FACCH blocks.
The main goal of the repeated downlink FACCH feature is to increase the transmission success rate of the
single-block handover commands.
If the current FACCH block is successfully decoded and an identical FACCH block was previously received
(successfully decoded and spaced in time from the current FACCH block), the MS shall not send the LAPDm
frame of the current FACCH block to the LAPDm entity.
If the current FACCH block is successfully decoded and there was no such previously received identicalFACCH block, the LAPDm frame of the current FACCH block is sent to the LAPDm entity.
If the current FACCH block is unsuccessfully decoded and there was an unsuccessfully decoded FACCHblock spaced in time from the current FACCH block, a new decoding using the information from both these
FACCH blocks shall be performed. If this decoding is successful, the LAPDm frame produced by the newdecoding is sent to the LAPDm entity.
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2 How Does It Work?
2.1 Repeated DL FACCH [cont.]
Have you understood the RDFACCH mechanism?Select t he corr ect st at ement s.
Prior to B11, FACCH blocks are decoded without taking into account the history of thepreviously sent FACCH blocks
The MS shall, when receiving a DL FACCH block, always attempt to decode it using the softcombining procedure
The MS performs soft combining only when the two received FACCH blocks are unsuccessfullydecoded
In case of TCH/FR, the transmission of the repeated FACCH is done by leaving one TCH framebetween the two LAPDm frames
The RDFACCH can also be used in case of TCH/HR
The operations of RDFACCH is not transparent to upper layers
Even if RDFACCH could have brought a gain for non-AMR calls, it applies only to AMR calls
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2 How Does It Work?
2.2 Dynamic Activation of RDFACCH
AMR Codec-Based Activation
RDFACCH is decided dynamically in the BTS if the DL codec requested(CMR value) is inferior or equal to a given codec threshold (e.g.
5.9kbps). The codec threshold is an OMC-R parameter for this cell.
Repe
ated
FACC
Hn
Codec threshold
5.15
5.9
7.95
10.2
BTS
RDFACCH
active
FACC
Hn
Dynamic activationas long as the CMR value
is inferior or equal to the codec threshold
TCH
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2 How Does It Work?
2.2 Dynamic Activation of RDFACCH [cont.]
Have you understood the dynamic activation of RDFACCH?Click on each but t on in the r i ght order t o display t he st eps of t his scenar i o.
FACCH frame n
If new codec inferior tocodec threshold
RDFACCH frame n
TCH frame
CMR (new codec)
C/I evaluation & thresholdcomparison
RDFACCH Activation
1
2 3
4
5
6
7
MS Rel-6 BTS
1
2
5
3
7
6
2
1
4
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2 How Does It Work?
2.3 Repeated DL SACCH
SACCHn+4
CCH
n+3
BTSLAPDm
Rel-6 MS
AMRCall
Downlink
Outcome of
the decodingprocess
Uplink
SACCHn+2,1
SACCH
SACCHn+1,2
SACCHn+1,1
SACCHn,1
SACCH
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
480ms480ms 480ms480ms 480ms
Softcombining
Softcombining
SACCHn+2,2
SACCH
SRR=1
Softcombining
SACCH
SRR=1
SACCH
SRR=1
The RDSACCH mechanism means that the BSS may send a DL SACCH frame twice with exactly thesame contents to improve the DL SACCH performance thanks to combining in the MS. When receiving aDL SACCH block, the MS shall first attempt to decode it without combining. If this decoding fails, thensoft combining using the previous SACCH block shall be performed. RDSACCH and RUSACCH aremandatory for Rel-6 mobile stations.
SACCH Repetition Request (SRR)
If a DL SACCH block is incorrectly decoded (prior to combining with any previously received SACCHblock), and the next UL SACCH block is not a repetition as per the Repeated SACCH procedure, then the MS
shall set the SRRin the next UL SACCH block to "Repeated SACCH required" (see 3GPP TS 44.004).
If a DL SACCH block is correctly decoded (prior to combining with any previously received SACCH block),and the next UL SACCH block is not a repetition as per the Repeated SACCH procedure, the MS shall set theSRRin the next UL SACCH block to "Repeated SACCH not required".
On BSS side, if a transmitted downlink SACCH block contains a SAPI 0 frame and is not already a repetition,then it is a repetition candidate.
?SRR=1
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2 How Does It Work?
2.3 Repeated DL SACCH [cont.]
Have you understood the RDSACCH mechanism?Select t he corr ect st at ement s.
When the MS cannot decode correctly (before combining) a DL SACCH, it requests for repetitionby setting the SRR bit.
On BTS/LAPDm side, any DL SACCH block can be repeated.
RDSACCH involves only 2 layers: the LAPDm in the BTS on the one hand and the physical layer inthe MS on the other hand.
When the RDSACCH feature is activated, any DL SACCH frame is sent twice.
If the last DL SACCH frame can not be decoded, the MS tries to soft combine it with the previousframe.
RSACCH is mandatory for Rel-6 MSs, furthermore it cannot be applied to legacy MSs, contrary toRDFACCH.
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2 How Does It Work?
2.4 Repeated UL SACCH
The RUSACCH mechanism means that an MS shall send upon BSS order a UL SACCH frametwice with exactly the same contents to improve the UL SACCH performance thanks tocombining in the BTS.
BTSLAPDm
AMRCall
Downlink
Outcome ofthe decoding
process
Uplink
SACCHm+4,1
SACCHn+3,2
SACCHn+3,1
SR0=1
SACCHm+3,2
SACCHm+3,1
SACCHn+2,1
SACCHm+2,1
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
TCHs
480ms480ms 480ms480ms 480ms
SACCHn+4
Rel-6 MS
Softcombining
Softcombining
SACCHm+4,2
SACCHn+4,1
SR0=1
SACCH
n+4,2
SR0=1
Softcombining
SACCH Repetition Order (SRO)
On MS side:
If a transmitted uplink SACCH block contains a SAPI 0 frame and is not already a repetition, then it is a
repetition candidate.
If an SACCH block is a repetition candidate and if the last correctly received SACCH Repetition Orderwas set to SRO, then the MS shall repeat this SACCH block at the next SACCH block period.
On BSS side:
When receiving a UL SACCH block, the BSS may first attempt to decode it without combining with any
previously received SACCH block. If this decoding fails, then a new decoding using the information fromthis SACCH block and from the SACCH block received at the previous SACCH block period, may beperformed.
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2 How Does It Work?
2.4 Repeated UL SACCH [cont.]
Have you understood the RUSACCH mechanism?Select t he corr ect st at ement s.
A UL SACCH block containing a SAPI 0 frame, which is not already repeated, is a repetition candidate.
A UL SACCH block containing an SMS, if it is not already a repetition, then it is also a repetitioncandidate.
The SRO bit shall be set in the SACCH DL frames in order to tell the MS to repeat the UL SACCH frames.
When the RUSACCH feature is activated, same mechanism as for the RDFACCH, each UL SACCH frame issent twice systematically.
When the SACCH block n has to be repeated, its repetition is performed at SACCH block period n+1.
The BTS does not know if a UL SACCH frame is a repetition or not.
The BTS should always try to perform combining between successive SACCH blocks, even if RUSACCH isnot currently activated.
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2 How Does It Work?
2.5 Dynamic Activation of RSACCH
The RDSACCH is activated if at least 3 SRR bits set to 1 have beenreceived in a window whose size is equal to 10 successive UL SACCHperiods. Inversely, the RDSACCH is deactivated if less than 3 SRR bits
set to 1 have been received in the decision window. A similar algorithmis used for the RUSACCH. The state of RSACCH activation shall beupdated in every SACCH period.
In the example below, is the RDSACCH activated or not?Select t he corr ect answer f or each SACCH peri od.
1715131197531 42 6 8 10 12 14 16SACCH Period
100010110 11 1 0 0 0 0 1SRR Value
3/102/104/106/106/95/74/52/30/1 3/41/2 5/6 5/8 6/10 5/10 3/10 2/10SRR Sum
RDSACCHactivated?
Yes
No
Activation of RDSACCH
The RDSACCH is activated if at least REP_DL_SACCH_THRES SRR bits set to 1 have been received in awindow whose size is equal to REP_DL_SACCH_WS successive UL SACCH periods. Inversely, the RDSACCH isdeactivated if less than 3 SRRbits set to 1 have been received in the decision window.
Activation of RUSACCH
The RUSACCH is activated if at least REP_UL_SACCH_THRES UL SACCH messages have not been correctlyreceived before combining in a window whose size is equal to REP_UL_SACCH_WS successive UL SACCHperiods. Inversely, the RUSACCH is deactivated if less than REP_UL_SACCH_THRES UL legacy SACCHmessages have not been correctly received before combining in the window. This means the BTS shallalways try to first decode the SACCH before any combining.
Note
REP_DL_SACCH_THRES and REP_DL_SACCH_WS are constants in the DLS defined at BSC level. They arerespectively set by default to 3 and 10.
REP_UL_SACCH_THRES and REP_UL_SACCH_WS are constants in the DLS defined at BSC level. They arerespectively set by default to 3 and 10.
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2 How Does It Work?
2.5 Dynamic Activation of RSACCH [cont.]
The RDSACCH is also triggered when the UL RLT counter is inferior orequal to the value of RADIOLINK_REP_DL_SACCH. This avoids blockingscenarios and enables to react in case of rapid UL field drops (i.e. in
case the SRRis not received anymore due to bad UL quality).
BadUL SACCHRel-6 MS
BTS
RADIOLINK_RECOVERY_THRES
RLS Counter
10
09
RADIOLINK_REP_DL_SACCH
RADIOLINK_TIMEOUT_BS
RDSACCHactivation
RADIOLINK_REP_DL_SACCH is set by default to 10 (i.e. equal to RADIOLINK_RECOVERY_THRES (=N_BSTXPWR_M) - 3) to give time to the BSS to set the power output of the BTS and of the MS to itsmaximum value (recovery mechanism).
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Exercise
Have you understood the RUSACCH, RDFACCH and RDSACCH mechanisms?Match each i t em on the lef t wi t h the corr esponding f eat ures.
AMR Codec-based dynamic activation
Dynamically activated using SRR or RLT procedures
Mandatory for Rel-6 MS
Each frame is sent twice
A frame may be sent twice
It can be applied to legacy (pre-Rel-6) MS
New SACCH Repet i t i on Or der (SRO)field
RDFACCH
RUSACCH
RDSACCH
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3 What Are the Telecom Impacts?
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3 What Are the Telecom Impacts?
3.1 RUSACCH and RLS
The introduction of RUSACCH has an impact on the receiving principleof SACCH blocks and on the Radio Link Supervision (RLS).
1817
RADIOLINK_RECOVERY_THRES
RLS Counter
1615
1413
121110
09
RADIOLINK_REP_DL_SACCH
RADIOLINK_TIMEOUT_BS
BadUL SACCH
Outcome ofthe first decoding
+Outcome of
the second decoding
=Soft combining
BTS
Rel-6MS
SACCH Block Receiving Procedure and Radio Link Supervision
In B11, with the possibility of a repeated UL SACCH, the following principle shall be used:
When an SACCH block is received, there's a first decoding attempt without combining:
If the decoding is performed, then the RLT counter is incremented by 2.
If the decoding is not performed, then a second decoding is attempted by combining with the previous
SACCH block:
If the second decoding is successful, then the RLT counter is incremented by 2.
If the second decoding failed, then the RLT counter is decremented by 1.
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3 What Are the Telecom Impacts?
3.1 RUSACCH and RLS [cont.]
The introduction of RUSACCH has an impact on the receiving principleof SACCH blocks and on the Radio Link Supervision (RLS).
Outcome ofthe first decoding
BTS
Rel-6MS
+Outcome of
the second decoding
=Soft combining
RADIOLINK_RECOVERY_THRES
RLS Counter
171615
1413
121110
09
RADIOLINK_REP_DL_SACCH
RADIOLINK_TIMEOUT_BS
BadUL SACCH
SACCH Block Receiving Procedure and Radio Link Supervision
In B11, with the possibility of a repeated UL SACCH, the following principle shall be used:
When an SACCH block is received, there's a first decoding attempt without combining:
If the decoding is performed, then the RLT counter is incremented by 2.
If the decoding is not performed, then a second decoding is attempted by combining with the previous
SACCH block:
If the second decoding is successful, then the RLT counter is incremented by 2.
If the second decoding failed, then the RLT counter is decremented by 1.
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4 What Are the O&M Impacts?
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4 What Are the O&M Impacts?
4.1 RDFACCH Enabling
New Parameters
The RDFACCH feature is optional. It can be enabled at cell level. EN_REP_DL_FACCH
REP_DL_FACCH_LEGACY_SUPPORT REP_DL_FACCH_THRES_AMR_FR
REP_DL_FACCH_THRES_AMR_HR
REP_DL_FACCH_THRES_AMR_WB
EN_REP_DL_FACCH
Definition: Enables repeated downlink FACCH for AMR calls.
Instance: cell, changeable.
Range/default value: Three levels: 0: Repeated DL FACCH not enabled (default), 1: Repeated DL FACCH enabled for LAPDm
command frames,2: Repeated DL FACCH enabled for LAPDm command frames, and also for LAPDm response frames (valid only for
the MS having indicated the support of the feature by Repeated ACCH Capability bit=1).
REP_DL_FACCH_LEGACY_SUPPORT
Definition: Legacy support for Repeated Downlink FACCH for AMR calls.
Remarks: This parameter is relevant only if Repeated Downlink FACCH is enabled (EN_REP_DL_FACCH parameter). This parameter
concerns only the LAPDm command frames.
Instance: cell , changeable.
Range/default value: 0: Repeated DL FACCH enabled only for the AMR MSs having indicated the support of the feature by
Repeated ACCH Capability bit=1 (default), 1: Repeated DL FACCH enabled for all AMR MSs.
REP_DL_FACCH_THRES_AMR_FR
Definition: Repeated DL FACCH activation threshold for AMR FR. Dynamic activation is done as long as CMR is inferior or equal to the
threshold value.
Instance: cell, changeable
Range/default: 0=off, 1=4.75kbps, 2=5.15kbps, 3=5.9kbps (default), 4=6.7kbps, 5=7.4kbps, 6=7.95kbps, 7=10.2kbps, 8=12.2kbps
REP_DL_FACCH_THRES_AMR_HR
Definition: Repeated DL FACCH activation threshold for AMR HR. Dynamic activation is done as long as CMR is inferior or equal to the
threshold value.
Instance: cell, changeable.
Range/default: 0=off, 1=4.75kbps, 2=5.15kbps, 3=5.9kbps (default), 4=6.7kbps, 5=7.4kbps
REP_DL_FACCH_THRES_AMR_WB
Definition: Repeated DL FACCH activation threshold for AMR WB. Dynamic activation is done as long as CMR is inferior or equal to the
threshold value.
Instance: cell, changeable.
Range/default: 0=off, 1=6.60kbps (default), 2=8.85kbps, 3=12.65kbps
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4 What Are the O&M Impacts?
4.2 RSACCH Enabling
New Parameters
The RSACCH feature is optional. It can be enabled at cell level. EN_REP_SACCH
RADIOLINK_REP_DL_SACCH L_RXQUAL_UL_P_AMR_RXACCH
L_RXQUAL_DL_P_AMR_RXACCH
EN_REP_SACCH
Definition: Enables repeated SACCH for SAPI 0 frames in case of AMR calls (for MSs having indicated thesupport of the feature).
Instance: cell, changeable.
Range/default value: Flag 0: Repeated SACCH not enabled (default), 1: Repeated SACCH enabled.
RADIOLINK_REP_DL_SACCH
Definition: Counter threshold of UL RTL counter to activate Repeated DL SACCH.
Instance: cell, changeable.
Range: 1 to 128 (default: 10)
L_RXQUAL_UL_P_AMR_RXACCH
Definition: Lower uplink quality threshold for power control for AMR calls with activated Repeated DL
FACCH and Repeated SACCH.
Instance: cell, changeable.
Range: 0 to 7 (default: 3) - (use the value of L_RXQUAL_UL_P for migration).
L_RXQUAL_DL_P_AMR_RXACCH
Definition: Lower downlink quality threshold for power control for AMR calls with activated Repeated DL
FACCH and Repeated SACCH. Instance: cell, changeable.
Range: 0 to 7 (default: 3) - (use the value of L_RXQUAL_DL_P for migration).
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4 What Are the O&M Impacts?
4.3 Performance Management
New Counters NB_MS_REPEATED_ACCH_CAPABLE
NB_CALLS_RFACCH_ACTIVATED
NB_CALLS_RSACCH_ACTIVATED NB_AMR_TCH_DROP_RLF_TRX
NB_AMR_TCH_DROP_RLF_TRX_RSACCH
NB_MS_REPEATED_ACCH_CAPABLE (MC990)
Definition: Number of calls for which the mobile stations support the repeated ACCH capability.
Trigger condition: Each time the BSC gets for a call the indication of the corresponding MS Repeated ACCH Capability in the classmark
3 IE at the time of Channel Activation or Mode modify messages sending, this counter is incremented by one.
NB_CALLS_RFACCH_ACTIVATED (MC991)
Definition: Number of calls for which repeated DL FACCH is allowed by the BSC.
Trigger condition: Each time the BSC sends a Channel Activation or a Mode Modify to a BTS indicating that RDFACCH is activated for
LAPDm command frames and/or LAPDm response frames, then this counter is incremented by 1. For Mode Modify trigger, only the
cases where RDFACCH was not activated in the Channel Activation message previously sent by the BSC are counted.
NB_CALLS_RSACCH_ACTIVATED (MC992)
Definition: Number of calls for which repeated SACCH (DL or UL) is allowed by the BSC.
Trigger condition: Each time the BSC sends a Channel Activation or a Mode Modify to a BTS indicating that RSACCH (UL and/or DL) is
activated, then this counter is incremented by 1. For Mode Modify trigger, only the cases where RSACCH was not activated in the
Channel Activation message previously sent by the BSC are counted.
NB_AMR_TCH_DROP_RLF_TRX (MC993)
Number of AMR TCHs (NB or WB AMR) for which Repeated SACCH is not activated, dropped in TCH established phase due to radio link
failure (radio link timeout or Lapdm timer expiry), per TRX. For TCH using AMR codecs (NB or WB) but for which the feature Repeated
SACCH is not activated by the BSC:
1)Whenever a 48.058 CONNECTION FAILURE INDICATION message with a cause value of "radio link failure" is received on Abis interface
for a TCH channel (after successful seizure).
2) Whenever a 48.058 ERROR INDICATION message is received on Abis interface and leads to a loss of call.
NB_AMR_TCH_DROP_RLF_TRX_RSACCH (MC994)
Number of AMR TCHq (NB or WB AMR) for which Repeated SACCH is activated, dropped in TCH established phase due to radio link
failure (radio link timeout or Lapdm timer expiry), per TRX. This counter takes into account TCH in traffic. For TCH using AMR codecs
(NB or WB) but for which the feature Repeated SACCH is activated by the BSC:
1)Whenever a 48.058 CONNECTION FAILURE INDICATION message with a cause value of "radio link failure" is received on Abis interface
for a TCH channel (after successful seizure).
2)Whenever a 48.058 ERROR INDICATION message is received on Abis interface and leads to a loss of call.
NPO checkings with this above parametrs in indicaters.
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Module Summary
The Repeated DL FACCH (RDFACCH) and Repeated UL & DL SACCH(RSACCH) features improve the robustness of signaling.
The RDFACCH mechanism means that each DL FACCH frame is senttwice.
The RUSACCH mechanism means that an MS shall send upon BSS ordera UL SACCH frame twice.
The RDSACCH mechanism means that the BSS may send a DL SACCHframe twice.
The dynamic activation ofRDFACCH is AMR Codec based.
SRR=1
SRO=1
MAY
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Module Summary [cont.]
RSACCH is also dynamically activated using a specific algorithm (SRR orRLT).
The RSACCH and RDACCH are not linked.
RDFACCH and RSACCH can be activated only for calls using AMR-NB orAMR-WB.
Both features can be enabled at cell level.
Both features have been introduced in Rel-6 specifications and are
mandatory for Rel-6 MSs.
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Self-assessment on the Objectives
Please be reminded to fill in the formSelf-Assessment on the Objectivesfor this module
The form can be found in the first partof this course documentation
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End of ModuleRepeated ACCH
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Module 3NACC for Inter BSS and Inter RAT
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Base Station SubsystemBSS B10-B11 Telecom Evolutions
TMO18090 Issue 1.0
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Blank Page
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First editionEljaafari, Mohamed2009-03-3001
RemarksAuthorDateEdition
Document History
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Module Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
Describe the purpose of the "Inter-BSS/RAT NACC" feature and its Telecom
and O&M impacts
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Module Objectives [cont.]
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Table of Contents
Switch to notes view! Page
1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature? 71.1 NACC in B10 81.2 Principle of NACC in B10 9
1.3 Principle of NACC in B11 112 How Does It Work? 122.1 Inter-BSS/RAT NACC Principles in B11 132.2 Inter-BSS/RAT Principles 152.3 Cell Reselection: 2G-to-2G Inter-BSS Cell Reselection 162.4 Cell Reselection: 3G-to-2G Cell Reselection 17
3 What Are the Telecom Impacts? 183.1 Inter-BSS/RAT NACC Principles 19
4 What Are the O&M Impacts? 204.1 Configuration Management 214.2 Performance Management 22
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Table of Contents [cont.]
Switch to notes view!
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.1 NACC in B10
Do you remember NACC?Select t he corr ect st at ement s.
With NACC, the network can send SI1, SI3 and SI13 of target cell after PS cell reselection
The NACC is mandatory for Release 4 MSs supporting the GERAN feature Package 1
It has been introduced in ALU BSS B10 release
In B10, the NACC could occur only for a source and target cells mapped on the same GPU
In B10, the NACC could occur for a source and target cells mapped on 2 GPUs belongingto the same MFS
In B10, the NACC could occur for a source and target cells mapped on 2 GPUs belongingto different MFSs
SI1 and SI3 are provided by the BSC to the MFS, SI13 is built by the serving MFS
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.2 Principle of NACC in B10
The NACC feature has beenintroduced in B9. Thisfeature allows to decreasethe GPRS service outage
during intra-BSS PS cellreselection, by providing theMS with a set of SystemInformation (SI) messages,required to access the newcell, before the MS leavesthe old cell.
BSS1 BSS1Cell A Cell B
BTS
A
BTS
B
SGSN
Throughput(Kbit/s)
Averagethroughput
t0
Reduced serviceoutage
Time(s)t1 t2 t3
Intra-BSS
The feature reduced the service outage time for an MS in packet transfer mode from a couple of seconds
down to 300-700 ms by giving the network a possibility to assist the MS before and during the cell change.The assistance is given as sending of neighbouring cell system information.
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1 What Is the Purpose of this Feature?
1.3 Principle of NACC in B11
In B11, the benefits of NACC areextended to the inter-BSS and3G-to-2G Cell ReselectionCases. The NACC feature is
based on RAN InformationManagement (RIM), a genericmechanism for the exchange ofinformation between two RANnodes (GERAN or UTRAN). Withthe introduction of RIM-NACC,the GPRS service outage duringinter-BSS or inter-ratting PS cellreselection can also beimproved. In B11, the inter-BSSNACC can occur between 2 MFSs.
Cell A Cell B
BTS A BTS B
SGSN
Throughput(Kbit/s)
Averagethroughput
t0
Reduced serviceoutage
Time(s)t1 t2 t3
BSS1 BSS2
Inter-BSSPS cell reselection
is improved
The feature reduced the service outage time for an MS in packet transfer mode from a couple of seconds
down to 300-700 ms by giving the network a possibility to assist the MS before and during the cell change.The assistance is given as sending of neighbouring cell system information.
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2 How Does It Work?
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2 How Does It Work?
2.1 Inter-BSS/RAT NACC Principles in B11
What Is RIM?
The RAN Information Management (RIM) procedures provide a genericmechanism for the exchange of arbitrary information between two RAN
nodes, located either in a GERAN or in a UTRAN access network.
SGSN(s)
RAN-INFORMATION-
ACK
RAN-INFORMATION/Multiple Report
(ACK)
SI ChangeSI Request
RAN-INFORMATION-
REQUEST/MultipleReport
RAN-INFORMATION/
InitialMultiple Report
The SGSNssimply perform a relay
of the messages
Target BSSCurrent BSS
or RNC
The RAN Information Management (RIM) procedures allow to send information between BSCs/RNCs via one
or more SGSNs. The SGSNs simply perform a relay of the messages (possibly inter-SGSN). Any relationbetween messages is transparent for the SGSN.
Two main procedures are defined:
RAN Information Request procedure: initiated by a Controlling BSS/RNC when it requires information (inNACC case: SI) from another Serving BSS/RNC, or when it requires stop of event driven reports from another
Serving BSS/RNC.
RAN Information Send procedure: initiated by a Serving BSS when it has information to be sent toanother Controlling BSS/RNC. The procedure may be event-triggered (e.g. SI change) or scheduled (e.g. bya request procedure). Sending BSS may request acknowledgement of the information.
Routing and addressing of the messages are done through:
cell identifiers for the BSS.
A BSS is addressed by the Routing Area Identity (RAI) + Cell Identity (CI) of one of its cells.
RNC identifiers for RNC.
An RNC is addressed by the Routing Area Identity + RNC-Id.
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2.1 Inter-BSS/RAT NACC Principles in B11 [cont.]
What Is RIM?
The RAN Information Management (RIM) procedures provide a genericmechanism for the exchange of arbitrary information between two RAN
nodes, located either in a GERAN or in a UTRAN access network.
SGSN(s)
RAN-INFORMATION-
ACK
The SGSNssimply perform
a relay of the messages
RAN-INFORMATION/Multiple Report
(ACK)
SI ChangeSI Request
Target BSSCurrent BSS
or RNC
The RAN Information Management (RIM) procedures allow to send information between BSCs/RNCs via one
or more SGSNs. The SGSNs simply perform a relay of the messages (possibly inter-SGSN). Any relationbetween messages is transparent for the SGSN.
Two main procedures are defined:
RAN Information Request procedure: initiated by a Controlling BSS/RNC when it requires information (inNACC case: SI) from another Serving BSS/RNC, or when it requires stop of event driven reports from another
Serving BSS/RNC.
RAN Information Send procedure: initiated by a Serving BSS when it has information to be sent toanother Controlling BSS/RNC. The procedure may be event-triggered (e.g. SI change) or scheduled (e.g. bya request procedure). Sending BSS may request acknowledgement of the information.
Routing and addressing of the messages are done through:
cell identifiers for the BSS.
A BSS is addressed by the Routing Area Identity (RAI) + Cell Identity (CI) of one of its cells.
RNC identifiers for RNC.
An RNC is addressed by the Routing Area Identity + RNC-Id.
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2.2 Inter-BSS/RAT Principles
Have you understood the RIM procedure?Select t he corr ect st at ement s.
The RAN Information Management is an Alcatel-Lucent specific feature
The RIM procedure allows to send information between BSCs/RNCs via one or more SGSNs
This information may not be transparent for the SGSN
The RAN Information Send procedure is an event-triggered mechanism. It is used only when theset of NACC-related SI is changed
This procedure may be event triggered or scheduled
A BSS is addressed by the RAI + Cell Identity (CI) of one of its cells
An RNC is addressed by the RAI + RNC-Id+Cell Identity (CI) of one of its cells
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2.3 Cell Reselection:2G-to-2G Inter-BSS Cell Reselection
Inter-BSS NACC Procedure
In order to provide the MS with SI of external adjacent cells, thecurrent BSS/RNC shall obtain them from another target BSS, via the
SGSN. The RAN Information Management (RIM) procedure allows to sendinformation between BSCs/RNCs via one or more SGSNs. The RIM allowsa BSS to get System Information of 2G cells located in another BSS.
SGSN 1 SGSN 2
Serving cell Target cell
BSS 1 BSS 2
2G-to-2GPS Cell Reselection
RIM-NACCprocedure
In the inter-BSS case, the exchanges with the MS are the same as in Release 4 NACC.
In order to provide the MS with SI of external adjacent cells, the Controlling BSS shall obtain them fromanother Serving BSS, via the SGSN.
The RAN Information Management (RIM) procedure allows to send information between BSCs/RNCs via oneor more SGSNs. The SGSNs simply perform a relay of the messages (possibly inter-SGSN). Any relationbetween messages is transparent for the SGSN, i.e. a request/response exchange between RIM applications,
is routed and relayed as two independent messages by the SGSN.
Th
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