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The first generation cellular moblie communication:(1980 )
Analog communication Shortages: Only lower Frequency available, same Frequency
band Inference, poor Security. Advantages: Convenience for communication
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The second generation cellular mobile communication:(1992)
Digital Communication Advantages: Higher Frequency available, good Security, higher
Capacity, good speech QoS
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Digital traffic channels first-generation systems are almostpurely analog; second-generation systems are digitalEncryption all second generation systems provide encryptionto prevent eavesdropping
Error detection and correction
second-generation digitaltraffic allows for detection and correction, giving clear voicereceptionChannel access second-generation systems allow channels tobe dynamically shared by a number of users
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3G stands for Third Generation and refersto mobile phone technology, specificallythe ability to deliver voice, data andstreaming files, including multimedia
files, for use on a wireless phone.
3G mobile technology is much faster than1G and 2G technology. 1G refers to
analog phone service, and 2G to digitalservice. 3G refers to voice, data andstreaming multimedia, including largepackets of data such as PPT files.
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Voice quality comparable to the public switchedtelephone network144 kbps data rate available to users in high speedmotor vehicles over large area
384 kbps available to pedestrians standing ormoving slowly over small areaSupport (to be phased in) for 2.048 Mbps for officeuse
Symmetrical and asymmetrical data transmissionrates
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Support for both packet switched and circuitswitched data servicesAn adaptive interface to the internet to reflectefficiently the common asymmetry between
inbound and outbound trafficSupport for a wide variety of mobile equipmentFlexibility to allow the introduction of new servicesand technologies
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IMT-2000 is simply a term used by theInternational Telecommunications Union (ITU) torefer to many third generation (3G) wirelesstechnology, that provide higher data speed
between mobile phones and base antennas.
IMT-2000 adopted the alternatives schemes:UMTS ( universal mobile telecommunications system)W-CDMA (IMT-DC)TD-CDMA (IMT-TC)CDMA-2000 (IMT-MC)TDD (IMT-SC)DECT+ (IMT-FT)
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UMTS will offer a wide range of voice, data andmultimedia services. Data rates will reach from 114to 2000 kbps ( or 2 Mbps) depending on weatherthe user is stationary or in motion.
UMTS offers a consistent set of services to mobilecomputer and phone users, no matter where theyare located in the world.
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, an acronym for ,is a channel access method based on using spreadspectrum across multiple time slots. It is shownthat a mixture of TDMA and CDMA provides
better quality of service for multimediacommunication in terms of data throughput andvoice/video quality.
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is a familyof 3G mobile technologystandards, whichuse CDMA channel access, to
send voice, data,and signaling data betweenmobile phones and cell sites.
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( ) (also knownas ( ), or
( )
)is a digital mobile phone technology thatallows improved data transmission ratesas a backward-compatible extensionof GSM. EDGE is considered a pre-3Gradio technology and is partof ITU's 3G definition.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward-compatiblehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward-compatiblehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward-compatiblehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward-compatiblehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone7/29/2019 Cellular Mobile Generations
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Soft Handoff Mobile station temporarily connected to more than one
base station simultaneously.
Common Design Issues:-Bandwidth
An important design goal for all 3G system is to limitchannel usage to 5 MHz
Chip rateIt depends on desired data rate, need for error control, and
bandwidth limitations. A chip rate of 3 Mcps or more isreasonable .
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Channel bandwidth : 5 MHz Forward RF channel structure: Direct spread Chip rate: 3.84 Mcps
Frame length: 10 ms Number of slots/frames: 15 Spreading modulation: Complex spreading
circuit
Data Modulation: QPSK (quadratic phase shiftkeying) (forward)BPSK (Binary phase shiftkeying) (reverse)
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Several times higher data speed;Enhanced audio and video streaming;Video-conferencing support;Web and WAP browsing at higher speeds;IPTV (TV through the Internet) support.
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