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Lecture 6 Using Operating Systems
Computer Concepts
Friday, October 24, 2008
CourseInstructor:BE[CE],MS[CS]NationalUniversity FASTEmail:[email protected]
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FunctionsofOperating Systems
Run programs
Manage hardware devices
Organized file storage
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TypesofOperating Systems
Real-time operating system
Very fast small OS
Built into a device
Respond quickly to user input
MP3 players, Medical devices
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TypesofOperating Systems
Single user/Single tasking OS
One user works on the system
Performs one task at a time
MS-DOS and Palm OS
Take up little space on disk
Run on inexpensive computers
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TypesofOperating Systems
Single user/Multitasking OS
User performs many tasks at once
Most common form of OS
Windows XP and OS X
Require expensive computers
Tend to be complex
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TypesofOperating Systems
Multi user/Multitasking OS
Many users connect to one computer
Each user has a unique session
UNIX, Linux, and VMS
Maintenance can be easy
Requires a powerful computer
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Multi User/Multi TaskingOS
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ProvidingaUserInterface
User interface
How a user interacts with a computer
Require different skill sets
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ProvidingaUserInterface
Graphical user interface (GUI)
Windows, OS X, Gnome, KDE
Uses a mouse to control objects
Uses a desktop metaphor
Shortcuts open programs or documents
O en documents have additional ob ects
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Task switching
Dialog boxes allow directed input
ProvidingaUserInterface
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Graphical UserInterface
Command line interfaces
er nter ace
DOS, Linux, UNIX
User types commands at a
prompt
User must remember all
commands
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Included in all GUIs
CommandLine Interface
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RunningPrograms
Many different applications supported
System call
Provides consistent access to OS features
Share information between programs
Copy and paste
Object Linking and Embedding
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ManagingHardware
Programs need to access hardware
Interrupts
CPU is stopped
Hardware device is accessed
Device drivers control the hardware
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ManagingHardware
Programs need to access hardware
Interrupts
CPU is stopped
Hardware device is accessed
Device drivers control the hardware
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OrganizingFilesandFolders
Organized storage
Long i e names
Folders can be created and nested
All storage devices work consistently
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EnhancinganOS
Utilities
Provide services not included with OS
Goes beyond the four functions
Firewall, anti-virus and compression
Prices vary
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EnhancinganOS
Backup software
rc ves es onto remova e me a
Ensures data integrity
Most OS include a backup package
Many third party packages exist
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BackupSoftware
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EnhancinganOS
Anti-virus software
Crucial utilit
Finds, blocks and removes viruses
Must be updated regularly
McAfee and Norton Anti-Virus
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EnhancinganOS
Firewall
Protects your computer fromintruders
Makes computer invisible tohackers
Zone Labs is a home firewall
Cisco sells hardware
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firewalls
EnhancinganOS
Intrusion detection
Announces attempts to breach security
Snort is a Linux based package
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EnhancinganOS
Screen savers
Crucial utilit for
command line systems
Prevents burn in
Merely fun for GUI
systems
Screen saver decorates
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e screens
PCOperating Systems
Microsoft Windows is the most popular
Installed more than other OS combined
Installed on about 95% of computers
Apple and Linux represent the other 5%
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PCOperating Systems DOS
Disk Operating System
Single user single-tasking OS
Command line interface
16-bit OS
Powerful
Fast
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DOSApplication
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PCOperating Systems
Windows NT
Desi ned for a owerful s stem
32-bit OS
Very stable
Windows NT Workstation
Single user multi tasking OS
Windows NT Server
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Multi user multi tasking OS
Network operating system
PCOperating Systems
Windows 9x
95 98 and Millennium Edition Me
32-bit OS
Supported 16-bit programs well
Very pretty not stable OS
Still found in large corporations
95 introduced the Start button
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98 introduced active desktop Me improved multimedia software
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PCOperating Systems
Windows 2000
oo o x w t sta ty
Optimized for office and
developers
Application software ran very
well
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very poorly
PCOperating Systems
Windows XP
Different look from 2000
Many different versions
Digital multimedia support was enhanced
Communications was enhanced
Mobile computing became a priority
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PCOperating Systems
UNIX
32- or 64-bit
Very stable and fast
Command-line interface
Can cost thousands of dollars
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PCOperating Systems
Linux
32-bit OS
Very stable and fast
Most flavors are open source
X Windows GUI
Command line interface is available
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LinuxDesktop
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PCOperating Systems
Macintosh operating systems
Based on FreeBSD Linux
Very stable and easy to configure
Only runs on Mac hardware
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OSX Desktop
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NOSFeatures
Network operating system
Fast an sta e
Runs on servers
Multi-user and multitasking OS
32- or 64-bit
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NOSFeatures
File and print sharing
Users access the same files
Hundreds of users use a printer
Different OS can interact
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NOSFeatures
Data integrity
ac ups cop es ata onto tape
RAID copies data onto other drives
Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
Relies on two or more hard drives
May speed access to data
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NOSFeatures
Data security
Access to data can be restricted
Access to server resources is controlled
Audits can be kept
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NetworkingOperating Systems
NT Server
Same core as NT Workstation
Security added
Multi user capability added
RAID support included
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NetworkingOperating Systems
Windows 2000 Server
ame tec no ogy as wor stat on
Active Directory (AD)
Central database of server resources
Simplifies network management
Distributed programs supported
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Advanced Server Edition
Data Center Edition
NetworkingOperating Systems
Windows 2003 Server
XP like interface
Better support for XP computers
MS .NET framework supported
Distributed programs are supported
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Data Center Edition
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NetworkingOperating Systems
UNIX for servers
est n w esprea use
Stable secure and fast
Main OS for Internet and Web
Large organizations depend on UNIX
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NetworkingOperating Systems
Linux for servers
Popular in small businesses
Stable, fast and inexpensive
Linuxs popularity is growing
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EmbeddedOperating Systems
Devices have EOS built in
Cell phones, PDAs, medical equipment
Stable and fast
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EmbeddedOperating Systems
Windows XP embedded
ase on n ows
Customized for each device
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EmbeddedOperating Systems
Windows CE
Not based on a desktop OS
Customized for each device
PDA and cell phones
Microsoft Automotive will
run in cars
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EmbeddedOperating Systems
Standard on Palm PDA
First PDA OS for consumers
Can be found on cell phones
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EmbeddedOperating Systems
Pocket PC
eve ope to compete w t
Palm
Not customizable
Interacts securely with
business networks
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EmbeddedOperating Systems
Symbian
Games, Instant Messaging, Internet
Full color display
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ASSIGNMENT- 2
ere are t ree operat ng systems vy ng or contro o
your computer. These are Windows XP, Linux and Mac OS
X. Research the three operating systems. Write a 1 or 2
page paper contrasting each OS. Include strengths and
weaknesses of each operating system. Suggest when one
OS is preferred over another OS.
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Deadline : Friday ,31st October 2008 - 9:00 A.M