Caves of LascauxFrance
c. 28,000 B.C.E.
The Painted Gallery
Caves of LascauxFrance
c. 28,000 B.C.E.
Shaft of the Dead Man
Stonehenge3,100 B.C.E.
WiltshireEngland
Skara Braec. 3,000 B.C.E.
ScotlandOrkney Mainland
Teotihuacanc. 300-700 C.E.
Mexico CityMexico
Great Enclosurec. 1000 C.E.Zimbabwe
Machu Pichuc. 1200 C.E.
PeruCuzco
mastaba•sepulchral structure built above ground
•elaboration of pre-dynastic burial-pit & mound form
•generally rectangular in plan with a flat roof and inward-sloping walls
• built of brick and faced with limestone slabs
•angle of repose—natural “structure” of earth when piled•battered—or has a slope
•Skiomorphosis - describes that process whereby a form is invented in one material as a response to the physical properties of that material and then transferred to another material whose properties do not demand that form
Structural Conservatism
Temple Complex at Karnac
Axial Planning
Additive Construction
Temple of Amon at Karnac
Hypostyle HallLatin: hypo-inside, style-column
Applied Polychromy
Bas (Low) Relief Carving
Incised Carving
HIEROGLYPHICS
Egyptians credited with inventing wood joinery
Bedroom Suite of Queen Hetepheres, c. 2300 BCE Wood encased in gold; loose cushions covered in cotton, painted
leather, metallic cloth
Folding Bed, Middle Kingdom
Stool from the tomb of Tutankhamun, c. 1352 BCE
Shrine Shaped Box, Old Kingdom
•Impost Block
•Zoomorphic furniture
•Lotus Blossom•Reeds
Octopus Flask, Late Minoan, Crete
1580-1100 BCE
Ladies in Blue
Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 1700-1450 BC
Prince with the Lilies
•wearing the Minoan cod-piece •superb crown of lilies and peacock's feathers •may have been leading some sacred animal with his left hand•Palace of Knossos: Late 15th century BCE
Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 1700-1450 BCE
Lightwell with inverse tapered columns, Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 1700-1450 BCE
Throne Room, Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 1700-
1450 BCE
Throne Chair
Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 1700-1450
BCE
Queen’s Megaron, Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete,
c. 1700-1450 BCE
Greek Motifs
Honeysuckle
Acanthus Leaf
Greek Motifs
Guilloche
Greek Key or Fret
The Warrior Krater, Mycenae, c. 1000 BCE
Reconstruction of Mycenae, c. 1400-1200
PorchMegaron Vestibule
Brazier
plan of a Mycenaean
Megaron
reconstruction of a Mycenaean Megaron
The Parthenon atop the Acropolis, Iktinus and
Kallicrates, 5th century BCE
The Parthenon atop the Acropolis, Iktinus and
Kallicrates, 5th century BCE
Column
Base
Pediment
the three parts of a
Greek temple
Capital
Shaft
Base
Doric(male—6:1)
Ionic(older female—8:1)
Corinthian(young female—9:1)
Capital
Shaft
Base
Cornice
Architrave
Frieze
Cornice
Architrave
Frieze
Metopes / Triglyphs
Entablature
front elevations of the Temple of Athena and the Temple of
Apollo
Klismos (chair), T.H. Robsjohn-Gibbings, 1930s
Kline
Trapeza (table),
5th century BCE
Kibotos (chest) 5th century BCE
kline
trapeza
brazier
lamp
typical arrangement of a
triclinium
early Greek fresco depicting a dining scene
kline (couch) trapeza (table) kylix (drinking vessel)
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